Morphology and Genesis of Ballas and Ballas-Like Diamonds
Ballas diamond is a rare form of the polycrystalline radial aggregate of diamonds with diverse internal structures. The morphological features of ballas diamonds have experienced repeated revision. The need that this paper presents for development of a crystal-genetic classification was determined b...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-4352/11/1/17/ 2023-08-20T04:10:20+02:00 Morphology and Genesis of Ballas and Ballas-Like Diamonds Anton Pavlushin Dmitry Zedgenizov Evgeny Vasil’ev Konstantin Kuper 2020-12-27 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11010017 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Mineralogical Crystallography and Biomineralization https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11010017 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Crystals; Volume 11; Issue 1; Pages: 17 ballas diamond ballas-like diamond twinning morphology polycrystalline of diamonds crystals splitting Text 2020 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11010017 2023-08-01T00:44:34Z Ballas diamond is a rare form of the polycrystalline radial aggregate of diamonds with diverse internal structures. The morphological features of ballas diamonds have experienced repeated revision. The need that this paper presents for development of a crystal-genetic classification was determined by a rich variety of combined and transitional forms of ballas-like diamonds, which include aggregates, crystals, and intergrowths. The new crystal-genetic classification combines already-known and new morphological types of ballas as well as ballas-like diamonds discovered in the placers of Yakutia, the Urals, and Brazil. The ballas-like diamond forms include spherocrystals, aggregates with a single crystal core, split crystals, radial multiple twin intergrowths, and globular crystals. The crystal genetic scheme of the evolution of ballas and ballas-like diamonds is a sequence of the morphological types arranged in accordance with the conventional model of the dependence of the mechanism and diamond growth from carbon supersaturation developed by I. Sunagawa. The evolution of the growth forms of ballas and ballas-like diamonds was tracked based on the macrozonal structure of diamonds varying from a flat-faced octahedron to a fibrous cuboid with its transition forms to the radiating crystal aggregates. The morphological diversity of the ballas-like diamonds depends on the level of supersaturation, and abrupt changes of the level of supersaturation engender abrupt changes in a mechanism of crystal growth. The change in the rate of growth under the influence of adsorption and absorption of the mechanic impurities accompanied the sudden appearance of the autodeformation defects in the form of splitting and multiple radial twinning of crystals. The spherical shape of Yakutia ballas-like diamonds is due to the volumetric dissolution that results in the curved-face crystals of the “Urals” or “Brazilian” type associated with ballas diamonds in placers. Text Yakutia MDPI Open Access Publishing Crystals 11 1 17 |
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ballas diamond ballas-like diamond twinning morphology polycrystalline of diamonds crystals splitting |
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ballas diamond ballas-like diamond twinning morphology polycrystalline of diamonds crystals splitting Anton Pavlushin Dmitry Zedgenizov Evgeny Vasil’ev Konstantin Kuper Morphology and Genesis of Ballas and Ballas-Like Diamonds |
topic_facet |
ballas diamond ballas-like diamond twinning morphology polycrystalline of diamonds crystals splitting |
description |
Ballas diamond is a rare form of the polycrystalline radial aggregate of diamonds with diverse internal structures. The morphological features of ballas diamonds have experienced repeated revision. The need that this paper presents for development of a crystal-genetic classification was determined by a rich variety of combined and transitional forms of ballas-like diamonds, which include aggregates, crystals, and intergrowths. The new crystal-genetic classification combines already-known and new morphological types of ballas as well as ballas-like diamonds discovered in the placers of Yakutia, the Urals, and Brazil. The ballas-like diamond forms include spherocrystals, aggregates with a single crystal core, split crystals, radial multiple twin intergrowths, and globular crystals. The crystal genetic scheme of the evolution of ballas and ballas-like diamonds is a sequence of the morphological types arranged in accordance with the conventional model of the dependence of the mechanism and diamond growth from carbon supersaturation developed by I. Sunagawa. The evolution of the growth forms of ballas and ballas-like diamonds was tracked based on the macrozonal structure of diamonds varying from a flat-faced octahedron to a fibrous cuboid with its transition forms to the radiating crystal aggregates. The morphological diversity of the ballas-like diamonds depends on the level of supersaturation, and abrupt changes of the level of supersaturation engender abrupt changes in a mechanism of crystal growth. The change in the rate of growth under the influence of adsorption and absorption of the mechanic impurities accompanied the sudden appearance of the autodeformation defects in the form of splitting and multiple radial twinning of crystals. The spherical shape of Yakutia ballas-like diamonds is due to the volumetric dissolution that results in the curved-face crystals of the “Urals” or “Brazilian” type associated with ballas diamonds in placers. |
format |
Text |
author |
Anton Pavlushin Dmitry Zedgenizov Evgeny Vasil’ev Konstantin Kuper |
author_facet |
Anton Pavlushin Dmitry Zedgenizov Evgeny Vasil’ev Konstantin Kuper |
author_sort |
Anton Pavlushin |
title |
Morphology and Genesis of Ballas and Ballas-Like Diamonds |
title_short |
Morphology and Genesis of Ballas and Ballas-Like Diamonds |
title_full |
Morphology and Genesis of Ballas and Ballas-Like Diamonds |
title_fullStr |
Morphology and Genesis of Ballas and Ballas-Like Diamonds |
title_full_unstemmed |
Morphology and Genesis of Ballas and Ballas-Like Diamonds |
title_sort |
morphology and genesis of ballas and ballas-like diamonds |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11010017 |
genre |
Yakutia |
genre_facet |
Yakutia |
op_source |
Crystals; Volume 11; Issue 1; Pages: 17 |
op_relation |
Mineralogical Crystallography and Biomineralization https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11010017 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11010017 |
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Crystals |
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17 |
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1774724455497465856 |