Cool Skin Effect as Seen from a New Generation Geostationary Satellite Himawari-8
The cool skin effect refers to the phenomenon where the surface skin temperature of the ocean is always slightly cooler than the temperature of the water directly underneath due to the ubiquitous cooling processes at the ocean surface, especially in the absence of solar radiation. The cool skin effe...
Published in: | Remote Sensing |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , |
Format: | Text |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2023
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15184408 |
id |
ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/15/18/4408/ |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/15/18/4408/ 2023-10-09T21:56:03+02:00 Cool Skin Effect as Seen from a New Generation Geostationary Satellite Himawari-8 Yueqi Zhang Zhaohui Chen agris 2023-09-07 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15184408 eng eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Ocean Remote Sensing https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15184408 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Remote Sensing Volume 15 Issue 18 Pages: 4408 cool skin effect geostationary satellite carbon dioxide flux air–sea interaction Text 2023 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15184408 2023-09-10T23:54:59Z The cool skin effect refers to the phenomenon where the surface skin temperature of the ocean is always slightly cooler than the temperature of the water directly underneath due to the ubiquitous cooling processes at the ocean surface, especially in the absence of solar radiation. The cool skin effect plays a critical role in the estimation of heat, momentum, and gas exchange between the air and the sea. However, the scarcity of observational data greatly hinders the accurate assessment of the cool skin effect. Here, the matchup data from the new generation geostationary satellite Himawari-8 and in situ sea surface temperature (SST) observations are used to evaluate the performance and dependence on the cool skin effect in the low/mid-latitude oceans. Results show that the intensity of the cool skin effect as revealed by Himawari-8 (−0.16 K) is found to be relatively weaker than previously published cool skin models based on in situ concurrent observations. A considerable amount of warm skin signals has been detected in the high-latitude oceans (e.g., Southern Ocean) under the circumstances of positive air–sea temperature difference and high wind, which may be the main cause of discrepancies with previous thoughts on the cool skin effect. Text Southern Ocean MDPI Open Access Publishing Southern Ocean Remote Sensing 15 18 4408 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
cool skin effect geostationary satellite carbon dioxide flux air–sea interaction |
spellingShingle |
cool skin effect geostationary satellite carbon dioxide flux air–sea interaction Yueqi Zhang Zhaohui Chen Cool Skin Effect as Seen from a New Generation Geostationary Satellite Himawari-8 |
topic_facet |
cool skin effect geostationary satellite carbon dioxide flux air–sea interaction |
description |
The cool skin effect refers to the phenomenon where the surface skin temperature of the ocean is always slightly cooler than the temperature of the water directly underneath due to the ubiquitous cooling processes at the ocean surface, especially in the absence of solar radiation. The cool skin effect plays a critical role in the estimation of heat, momentum, and gas exchange between the air and the sea. However, the scarcity of observational data greatly hinders the accurate assessment of the cool skin effect. Here, the matchup data from the new generation geostationary satellite Himawari-8 and in situ sea surface temperature (SST) observations are used to evaluate the performance and dependence on the cool skin effect in the low/mid-latitude oceans. Results show that the intensity of the cool skin effect as revealed by Himawari-8 (−0.16 K) is found to be relatively weaker than previously published cool skin models based on in situ concurrent observations. A considerable amount of warm skin signals has been detected in the high-latitude oceans (e.g., Southern Ocean) under the circumstances of positive air–sea temperature difference and high wind, which may be the main cause of discrepancies with previous thoughts on the cool skin effect. |
format |
Text |
author |
Yueqi Zhang Zhaohui Chen |
author_facet |
Yueqi Zhang Zhaohui Chen |
author_sort |
Yueqi Zhang |
title |
Cool Skin Effect as Seen from a New Generation Geostationary Satellite Himawari-8 |
title_short |
Cool Skin Effect as Seen from a New Generation Geostationary Satellite Himawari-8 |
title_full |
Cool Skin Effect as Seen from a New Generation Geostationary Satellite Himawari-8 |
title_fullStr |
Cool Skin Effect as Seen from a New Generation Geostationary Satellite Himawari-8 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Cool Skin Effect as Seen from a New Generation Geostationary Satellite Himawari-8 |
title_sort |
cool skin effect as seen from a new generation geostationary satellite himawari-8 |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15184408 |
op_coverage |
agris |
geographic |
Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Southern Ocean |
genre |
Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Remote Sensing Volume 15 Issue 18 Pages: 4408 |
op_relation |
Ocean Remote Sensing https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15184408 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15184408 |
container_title |
Remote Sensing |
container_volume |
15 |
container_issue |
18 |
container_start_page |
4408 |
_version_ |
1779320427005345792 |