Sea Surface Salinity Variability in the Bering Sea in 2015–2020
Salinity in the Bering Sea is vital for the physical environment that is tied to the productive ecosystem and the properties of Pacific waters transported to the Arctic Ocean. Its salinity variability reflects many fundamental processes, including sea ice formation/melting and river runoff, but its...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/3/758/ 2023-10-09T21:49:13+02:00 Sea Surface Salinity Variability in the Bering Sea in 2015–2020 Jian Zhao Yan Wang Wenjing Liu Hongsheng Bi Edward D. Cokelet Calvin W. Mordy Noah Lawrence-Slavas Christian Meinig agris 2022-02-06 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14030758 eng eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Ocean Remote Sensing https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14030758 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Remote Sensing Volume 14 Issue 3 Pages: 758 sea surface salinity Bering Sea remote sensing saildrone sea ice river plume wind Text 2022 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14030758 2023-09-10T23:55:40Z Salinity in the Bering Sea is vital for the physical environment that is tied to the productive ecosystem and the properties of Pacific waters transported to the Arctic Ocean. Its salinity variability reflects many fundamental processes, including sea ice formation/melting and river runoff, but its spatial and temporal characteristics require better documentation. This study utilizes remote sensing products and in situ observations collected by saildrone missions to investigate Sea Surface Salinity (SSS) variability. All Satellite products resolve the large-scale pattern set up by the relatively salty deep basin and the fresh coastal region, but they can be inaccurate near the ice edge and near land. The SSS annual cycle exhibits seasonal maxima in winter to spring, and minima in summer to fall. The amplitude and timing of the seasonal cycle are variable, especially on the eastern Bering Sea shelf. SSS variability recorded by both saildrone, and satellite instruments provide unprecedented insights into short-term oceanic processes including sea ice melting, wind-driven currents during weather events, and river plumes etc. In particular, the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) satellite demonstrates encouraging skills in capturing the freshening signals induced by spring sea ice melting. The Yukon River plume is another source of intense SSS variability. Surface wind forcing plays an essential role in controlling the horizontal movement of plume water and thereby shaping the SSS seasonal cycle in local regions. Text Arctic Arctic Ocean Bering Sea Sea ice Yukon river Yukon MDPI Open Access Publishing Arctic Arctic Ocean Yukon Bering Sea Pacific Remote Sensing 14 3 758 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
sea surface salinity Bering Sea remote sensing saildrone sea ice river plume wind |
spellingShingle |
sea surface salinity Bering Sea remote sensing saildrone sea ice river plume wind Jian Zhao Yan Wang Wenjing Liu Hongsheng Bi Edward D. Cokelet Calvin W. Mordy Noah Lawrence-Slavas Christian Meinig Sea Surface Salinity Variability in the Bering Sea in 2015–2020 |
topic_facet |
sea surface salinity Bering Sea remote sensing saildrone sea ice river plume wind |
description |
Salinity in the Bering Sea is vital for the physical environment that is tied to the productive ecosystem and the properties of Pacific waters transported to the Arctic Ocean. Its salinity variability reflects many fundamental processes, including sea ice formation/melting and river runoff, but its spatial and temporal characteristics require better documentation. This study utilizes remote sensing products and in situ observations collected by saildrone missions to investigate Sea Surface Salinity (SSS) variability. All Satellite products resolve the large-scale pattern set up by the relatively salty deep basin and the fresh coastal region, but they can be inaccurate near the ice edge and near land. The SSS annual cycle exhibits seasonal maxima in winter to spring, and minima in summer to fall. The amplitude and timing of the seasonal cycle are variable, especially on the eastern Bering Sea shelf. SSS variability recorded by both saildrone, and satellite instruments provide unprecedented insights into short-term oceanic processes including sea ice melting, wind-driven currents during weather events, and river plumes etc. In particular, the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) satellite demonstrates encouraging skills in capturing the freshening signals induced by spring sea ice melting. The Yukon River plume is another source of intense SSS variability. Surface wind forcing plays an essential role in controlling the horizontal movement of plume water and thereby shaping the SSS seasonal cycle in local regions. |
format |
Text |
author |
Jian Zhao Yan Wang Wenjing Liu Hongsheng Bi Edward D. Cokelet Calvin W. Mordy Noah Lawrence-Slavas Christian Meinig |
author_facet |
Jian Zhao Yan Wang Wenjing Liu Hongsheng Bi Edward D. Cokelet Calvin W. Mordy Noah Lawrence-Slavas Christian Meinig |
author_sort |
Jian Zhao |
title |
Sea Surface Salinity Variability in the Bering Sea in 2015–2020 |
title_short |
Sea Surface Salinity Variability in the Bering Sea in 2015–2020 |
title_full |
Sea Surface Salinity Variability in the Bering Sea in 2015–2020 |
title_fullStr |
Sea Surface Salinity Variability in the Bering Sea in 2015–2020 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Sea Surface Salinity Variability in the Bering Sea in 2015–2020 |
title_sort |
sea surface salinity variability in the bering sea in 2015–2020 |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14030758 |
op_coverage |
agris |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Yukon Bering Sea Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Yukon Bering Sea Pacific |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Bering Sea Sea ice Yukon river Yukon |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Bering Sea Sea ice Yukon river Yukon |
op_source |
Remote Sensing Volume 14 Issue 3 Pages: 758 |
op_relation |
Ocean Remote Sensing https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14030758 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14030758 |
container_title |
Remote Sensing |
container_volume |
14 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
758 |
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1779312230346522624 |