Selection of Lunar South Pole Landing Site Based on Constructing and Analyzing Fuzzy Cognitive Maps
The Permanently Shadowed Regions (PSRs) of the lunar south pole have never been directly sampled. To explore and discover lunar resources, the Chinese lunar south pole exploration mission is scheduled to land in direct sunlight near the PSR, where sampling and analysis will be carried out. The selec...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/19/4863/ 2023-08-20T04:09:50+02:00 Selection of Lunar South Pole Landing Site Based on Constructing and Analyzing Fuzzy Cognitive Maps Yutong Jia Lei Liu Xingchen Wang Ningbo Guo Gang Wan agris 2022-09-29 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14194863 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Engineering Remote Sensing https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14194863 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Remote Sensing; Volume 14; Issue 19; Pages: 4863 permanently shadowed regions (PSRs) lunar south pole lunar resources multi-source remote sensing data landing and sampling sites fuzzy cognitive map algorithm Text 2022 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14194863 2023-08-01T06:41:28Z The Permanently Shadowed Regions (PSRs) of the lunar south pole have never been directly sampled. To explore and discover lunar resources, the Chinese lunar south pole exploration mission is scheduled to land in direct sunlight near the PSR, where sampling and analysis will be carried out. The selection of sites for lunar landing sampling sites is one of the key steps of the mission. The main factors affecting the site selection are the distribution of PSRs, lunar surface slopes, rock distribution, light intensity, and maximum temperature. In this paper, the main factors affecting site selection are analyzed based on lunar multi-source remote sensing data. Combined with previous engineering constraints, we then propose a comprehensive multi-factor fuzzy cognition and selection model for the lunar south site selection. An analytical model based on a fuzzy cognitive map algorithm is also established. Furthermore, to make a preliminary landing area selection, we determine the evaluation index for the candidate landing areas using fuzzy reasoning. Using the proposed model and combined scoring index, we also verify and analyze the prominent impact craters at the lunar south pole. The scores of de Gerlache (88.48°S 88.34°W), Shackleton (89.67°S 129.78°E), and Amundsen (84.5°S, 82.8°E) craters are determined using fuzzy interference as 0.816, 0.814, and 0.784, respectively. Moreover, using our proposed approach, we identify feasible landing sites around the de Gerlache crater close to the PSR to facilitate discovery of water ice exposures in future missions. The proposed method is capable of evaluating alternative landing zones subject to multiple engineering constraints on the Moon or Mars based on the existing data. Text South pole MDPI Open Access Publishing Shackleton South Pole Gerlache ENVELOPE(99.033,99.033,-66.500,-66.500) De Gerlache ENVELOPE(-62.333,-62.333,-64.500,-64.500) Remote Sensing 14 19 4863 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
permanently shadowed regions (PSRs) lunar south pole lunar resources multi-source remote sensing data landing and sampling sites fuzzy cognitive map algorithm |
spellingShingle |
permanently shadowed regions (PSRs) lunar south pole lunar resources multi-source remote sensing data landing and sampling sites fuzzy cognitive map algorithm Yutong Jia Lei Liu Xingchen Wang Ningbo Guo Gang Wan Selection of Lunar South Pole Landing Site Based on Constructing and Analyzing Fuzzy Cognitive Maps |
topic_facet |
permanently shadowed regions (PSRs) lunar south pole lunar resources multi-source remote sensing data landing and sampling sites fuzzy cognitive map algorithm |
description |
The Permanently Shadowed Regions (PSRs) of the lunar south pole have never been directly sampled. To explore and discover lunar resources, the Chinese lunar south pole exploration mission is scheduled to land in direct sunlight near the PSR, where sampling and analysis will be carried out. The selection of sites for lunar landing sampling sites is one of the key steps of the mission. The main factors affecting the site selection are the distribution of PSRs, lunar surface slopes, rock distribution, light intensity, and maximum temperature. In this paper, the main factors affecting site selection are analyzed based on lunar multi-source remote sensing data. Combined with previous engineering constraints, we then propose a comprehensive multi-factor fuzzy cognition and selection model for the lunar south site selection. An analytical model based on a fuzzy cognitive map algorithm is also established. Furthermore, to make a preliminary landing area selection, we determine the evaluation index for the candidate landing areas using fuzzy reasoning. Using the proposed model and combined scoring index, we also verify and analyze the prominent impact craters at the lunar south pole. The scores of de Gerlache (88.48°S 88.34°W), Shackleton (89.67°S 129.78°E), and Amundsen (84.5°S, 82.8°E) craters are determined using fuzzy interference as 0.816, 0.814, and 0.784, respectively. Moreover, using our proposed approach, we identify feasible landing sites around the de Gerlache crater close to the PSR to facilitate discovery of water ice exposures in future missions. The proposed method is capable of evaluating alternative landing zones subject to multiple engineering constraints on the Moon or Mars based on the existing data. |
format |
Text |
author |
Yutong Jia Lei Liu Xingchen Wang Ningbo Guo Gang Wan |
author_facet |
Yutong Jia Lei Liu Xingchen Wang Ningbo Guo Gang Wan |
author_sort |
Yutong Jia |
title |
Selection of Lunar South Pole Landing Site Based on Constructing and Analyzing Fuzzy Cognitive Maps |
title_short |
Selection of Lunar South Pole Landing Site Based on Constructing and Analyzing Fuzzy Cognitive Maps |
title_full |
Selection of Lunar South Pole Landing Site Based on Constructing and Analyzing Fuzzy Cognitive Maps |
title_fullStr |
Selection of Lunar South Pole Landing Site Based on Constructing and Analyzing Fuzzy Cognitive Maps |
title_full_unstemmed |
Selection of Lunar South Pole Landing Site Based on Constructing and Analyzing Fuzzy Cognitive Maps |
title_sort |
selection of lunar south pole landing site based on constructing and analyzing fuzzy cognitive maps |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14194863 |
op_coverage |
agris |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(99.033,99.033,-66.500,-66.500) ENVELOPE(-62.333,-62.333,-64.500,-64.500) |
geographic |
Shackleton South Pole Gerlache De Gerlache |
geographic_facet |
Shackleton South Pole Gerlache De Gerlache |
genre |
South pole |
genre_facet |
South pole |
op_source |
Remote Sensing; Volume 14; Issue 19; Pages: 4863 |
op_relation |
Engineering Remote Sensing https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14194863 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14194863 |
container_title |
Remote Sensing |
container_volume |
14 |
container_issue |
19 |
container_start_page |
4863 |
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1774723562306797568 |