Arctic Multiyear Ice Areal Flux and Its Connection with Large-Scale Atmospheric Circulations in the Winters of 2002–2021
Arctic sea ice, especially the multiyear ice (MYI), is decreasing rapidly, partly due to melting triggered by global warming, in turn partly due to the possible acceleration of ice export from the Arctic Ocean to southern latitudes through identifiable gates. In this study, MYI and total sea ice are...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/15/3742/ 2023-05-15T14:37:39+02:00 Arctic Multiyear Ice Areal Flux and Its Connection with Large-Scale Atmospheric Circulations in the Winters of 2002–2021 Huiyan Kuang; Yanbing Luo; Yufang Ye; Mohammed Shokr; Zhuoqi Chen; Shaoyin Wang; Fengming Hui; Haibo Bi; Xiao Cheng agris 2022-08-04 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14153742 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Remote Sensing in Geology, Geomorphology and Hydrology https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14153742 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ CC-BY Remote Sensing; Volume 14; Issue 15; Pages: 3742 multiyear ice sea ice areal flux Fram Strait atmospheric circulations arctic dipole anomaly Text 2022 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14153742 2023-01-30T00:42:53Z Arctic sea ice, especially the multiyear ice (MYI), is decreasing rapidly, partly due to melting triggered by global warming, in turn partly due to the possible acceleration of ice export from the Arctic Ocean to southern latitudes through identifiable gates. In this study, MYI and total sea ice areal flux through six Arctic gateways over the winters (October–April) of 2002–2021 were estimated using daily sea ice motion and MYI/total sea ice concentration data. Inconsistencies caused by different data sources were considered for the estimate of MYI flux. Results showed that, there is a slight declining trend in the Arctic MYI areal flux over the past two decades, which is attributable to the decrease in MYI concentration. Overall speaking, MYI flux through Fram Strait accounts for ~87% of the Arctic MYI outflow, with an average of ~325.92 × 103 km2 for the winters of 2002–2021. The monthly MYI areal flux through Fram Strait is characterized with a peak in March (~55.56 × 103 km2) and a trough in April (~40.97 × 103 km2), with a major contribution from MYI concentration. The connections between sea ice outflow and large-scale atmospheric circulations such as Arctic Oscillation (AO), North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and Dipole Anomaly (DA) were investigated. High correlation coefficients (CCs) were found in winter months such as January and February. While AO and NAO (especially NAO) exhibited generally weak correlations with the MYI/total sea ice flux, DA presented strong correlations with the areal flux, especially for MYI (CC up to 0.90 in January). However, the atmospheric circulation patterns are sometimes not fully characterized by the specific indices, which could have different effects on sea ice flux and its correlation with the atmospheric indices. Text Arctic Arctic Ocean Fram Strait Global warming North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Sea ice MDPI Open Access Publishing Arctic Arctic Ocean Remote Sensing 14 15 3742 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
multiyear ice sea ice areal flux Fram Strait atmospheric circulations arctic dipole anomaly |
spellingShingle |
multiyear ice sea ice areal flux Fram Strait atmospheric circulations arctic dipole anomaly Huiyan Kuang; Yanbing Luo; Yufang Ye; Mohammed Shokr; Zhuoqi Chen; Shaoyin Wang; Fengming Hui; Haibo Bi; Xiao Cheng Arctic Multiyear Ice Areal Flux and Its Connection with Large-Scale Atmospheric Circulations in the Winters of 2002–2021 |
topic_facet |
multiyear ice sea ice areal flux Fram Strait atmospheric circulations arctic dipole anomaly |
description |
Arctic sea ice, especially the multiyear ice (MYI), is decreasing rapidly, partly due to melting triggered by global warming, in turn partly due to the possible acceleration of ice export from the Arctic Ocean to southern latitudes through identifiable gates. In this study, MYI and total sea ice areal flux through six Arctic gateways over the winters (October–April) of 2002–2021 were estimated using daily sea ice motion and MYI/total sea ice concentration data. Inconsistencies caused by different data sources were considered for the estimate of MYI flux. Results showed that, there is a slight declining trend in the Arctic MYI areal flux over the past two decades, which is attributable to the decrease in MYI concentration. Overall speaking, MYI flux through Fram Strait accounts for ~87% of the Arctic MYI outflow, with an average of ~325.92 × 103 km2 for the winters of 2002–2021. The monthly MYI areal flux through Fram Strait is characterized with a peak in March (~55.56 × 103 km2) and a trough in April (~40.97 × 103 km2), with a major contribution from MYI concentration. The connections between sea ice outflow and large-scale atmospheric circulations such as Arctic Oscillation (AO), North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and Dipole Anomaly (DA) were investigated. High correlation coefficients (CCs) were found in winter months such as January and February. While AO and NAO (especially NAO) exhibited generally weak correlations with the MYI/total sea ice flux, DA presented strong correlations with the areal flux, especially for MYI (CC up to 0.90 in January). However, the atmospheric circulation patterns are sometimes not fully characterized by the specific indices, which could have different effects on sea ice flux and its correlation with the atmospheric indices. |
format |
Text |
author |
Huiyan Kuang; Yanbing Luo; Yufang Ye; Mohammed Shokr; Zhuoqi Chen; Shaoyin Wang; Fengming Hui; Haibo Bi; Xiao Cheng |
author_facet |
Huiyan Kuang; Yanbing Luo; Yufang Ye; Mohammed Shokr; Zhuoqi Chen; Shaoyin Wang; Fengming Hui; Haibo Bi; Xiao Cheng |
author_sort |
Huiyan Kuang; Yanbing Luo; Yufang Ye; Mohammed Shokr; Zhuoqi Chen; Shaoyin Wang; Fengming Hui; Haibo Bi; Xiao Cheng |
title |
Arctic Multiyear Ice Areal Flux and Its Connection with Large-Scale Atmospheric Circulations in the Winters of 2002–2021 |
title_short |
Arctic Multiyear Ice Areal Flux and Its Connection with Large-Scale Atmospheric Circulations in the Winters of 2002–2021 |
title_full |
Arctic Multiyear Ice Areal Flux and Its Connection with Large-Scale Atmospheric Circulations in the Winters of 2002–2021 |
title_fullStr |
Arctic Multiyear Ice Areal Flux and Its Connection with Large-Scale Atmospheric Circulations in the Winters of 2002–2021 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Arctic Multiyear Ice Areal Flux and Its Connection with Large-Scale Atmospheric Circulations in the Winters of 2002–2021 |
title_sort |
arctic multiyear ice areal flux and its connection with large-scale atmospheric circulations in the winters of 2002–2021 |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14153742 |
op_coverage |
agris |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Fram Strait Global warming North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Fram Strait Global warming North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Sea ice |
op_source |
Remote Sensing; Volume 14; Issue 15; Pages: 3742 |
op_relation |
Remote Sensing in Geology, Geomorphology and Hydrology https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14153742 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14153742 |
container_title |
Remote Sensing |
container_volume |
14 |
container_issue |
15 |
container_start_page |
3742 |
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1766309868492292096 |