Variability and Uncertainty of Satellite Sea Surface Salinity in the Subpolar North Atlantic (2010–2019)
Satellite remote sensing of sea surface salinity (SSS) in the recent decade (2010–2019) has proven the capability of L-band (1.4 GHz) measurements to resolve SSS spatiotemporal variability in the tropical and subtropical oceans. However, the fidelity of SSS retrievals in cold waters at mid-high lati...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/12/13/2092/ 2023-08-20T04:04:46+02:00 Variability and Uncertainty of Satellite Sea Surface Salinity in the Subpolar North Atlantic (2010–2019) Lisan Yu agris 2020-06-30 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12132092 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Ocean Remote Sensing https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12132092 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Remote Sensing; Volume 12; Issue 13; Pages: 2092 sea surface salinity subpolar North Atlantic SMAP SMOS Argo harmonic analysis seasonal and interannual variations Text 2020 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12132092 2023-07-31T23:42:37Z Satellite remote sensing of sea surface salinity (SSS) in the recent decade (2010–2019) has proven the capability of L-band (1.4 GHz) measurements to resolve SSS spatiotemporal variability in the tropical and subtropical oceans. However, the fidelity of SSS retrievals in cold waters at mid-high latitudes has yet to be established. Here, four SSS products derived from two satellite missions were evaluated in the subpolar North Atlantic Ocean in reference to two in situ gridded products. Harmonic analysis of annual and semiannual cycles in in situ products revealed that seasonal variations of SSS are dominated by an annual cycle, with a maximum in March and a minimum in September. The annual amplitudes are larger (>0.3 practical salinity scale (pss)) in the western basin where surface waters are colder and fresher, and weaker (~0.06 pss) in the eastern basin where surface waters are warmer and saltier. Satellite SSS products have difficulty producing the right annual cycle, particularly in the Labrador/Irminger seas where the SSS seasonality is dictated by the influx of Arctic low-salinity waters along the boundary currents. The study also found that there are basin-scale, time-varying drifts in the decade-long SMOS data records, which need to be corrected before the datasets can be used for studying climate variability of SSS. Text Arctic North Atlantic MDPI Open Access Publishing Arctic Western Basin Remote Sensing 12 13 2092 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
sea surface salinity subpolar North Atlantic SMAP SMOS Argo harmonic analysis seasonal and interannual variations |
spellingShingle |
sea surface salinity subpolar North Atlantic SMAP SMOS Argo harmonic analysis seasonal and interannual variations Lisan Yu Variability and Uncertainty of Satellite Sea Surface Salinity in the Subpolar North Atlantic (2010–2019) |
topic_facet |
sea surface salinity subpolar North Atlantic SMAP SMOS Argo harmonic analysis seasonal and interannual variations |
description |
Satellite remote sensing of sea surface salinity (SSS) in the recent decade (2010–2019) has proven the capability of L-band (1.4 GHz) measurements to resolve SSS spatiotemporal variability in the tropical and subtropical oceans. However, the fidelity of SSS retrievals in cold waters at mid-high latitudes has yet to be established. Here, four SSS products derived from two satellite missions were evaluated in the subpolar North Atlantic Ocean in reference to two in situ gridded products. Harmonic analysis of annual and semiannual cycles in in situ products revealed that seasonal variations of SSS are dominated by an annual cycle, with a maximum in March and a minimum in September. The annual amplitudes are larger (>0.3 practical salinity scale (pss)) in the western basin where surface waters are colder and fresher, and weaker (~0.06 pss) in the eastern basin where surface waters are warmer and saltier. Satellite SSS products have difficulty producing the right annual cycle, particularly in the Labrador/Irminger seas where the SSS seasonality is dictated by the influx of Arctic low-salinity waters along the boundary currents. The study also found that there are basin-scale, time-varying drifts in the decade-long SMOS data records, which need to be corrected before the datasets can be used for studying climate variability of SSS. |
format |
Text |
author |
Lisan Yu |
author_facet |
Lisan Yu |
author_sort |
Lisan Yu |
title |
Variability and Uncertainty of Satellite Sea Surface Salinity in the Subpolar North Atlantic (2010–2019) |
title_short |
Variability and Uncertainty of Satellite Sea Surface Salinity in the Subpolar North Atlantic (2010–2019) |
title_full |
Variability and Uncertainty of Satellite Sea Surface Salinity in the Subpolar North Atlantic (2010–2019) |
title_fullStr |
Variability and Uncertainty of Satellite Sea Surface Salinity in the Subpolar North Atlantic (2010–2019) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Variability and Uncertainty of Satellite Sea Surface Salinity in the Subpolar North Atlantic (2010–2019) |
title_sort |
variability and uncertainty of satellite sea surface salinity in the subpolar north atlantic (2010–2019) |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12132092 |
op_coverage |
agris |
geographic |
Arctic Western Basin |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Western Basin |
genre |
Arctic North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
Arctic North Atlantic |
op_source |
Remote Sensing; Volume 12; Issue 13; Pages: 2092 |
op_relation |
Ocean Remote Sensing https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12132092 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12132092 |
container_title |
Remote Sensing |
container_volume |
12 |
container_issue |
13 |
container_start_page |
2092 |
_version_ |
1774715156414070784 |