Long-Term High-Resolution Sediment and Sea Surface Temperature Spatial Patterns in Arctic Nearshore Waters Retrieved Using 30-Year Landsat Archive Imagery
The Arctic is directly impacted by climate change. The increase in air temperature drives the thawing of permafrost and an increase in coastal erosion and river discharge. This leads to a greater input of sediment and organic matter into coastal waters, which substantially impacts the ecosystems, th...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/11/23/2791/ 2023-08-20T04:04:07+02:00 Long-Term High-Resolution Sediment and Sea Surface Temperature Spatial Patterns in Arctic Nearshore Waters Retrieved Using 30-Year Landsat Archive Imagery Konstantin P. Klein Hugues Lantuit Birgit Heim Frank Fell David Doxaran Anna M. Irrgang agris 2019-11-26 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11232791 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Ocean Remote Sensing https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11232791 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Remote Sensing; Volume 11; Issue 23; Pages: 2791 ocean color remote sensing suspended particulate matter turbidity nearshore zone Herschel Island Qikiqtaruk river plume coastal erosion Landsat Text 2019 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11232791 2023-07-31T22:49:57Z The Arctic is directly impacted by climate change. The increase in air temperature drives the thawing of permafrost and an increase in coastal erosion and river discharge. This leads to a greater input of sediment and organic matter into coastal waters, which substantially impacts the ecosystems, the subsistence economy of the local population, and the climate because of the transformation of organic matter into greenhouse gases. Yet, the patterns of sediment dispersal in the nearshore zone are not well known, because ships do not often reach shallow waters and satellite remote sensing is traditionally focused on less dynamic environments. The goal of this study is to use the extensive Landsat archive to investigate sediment dispersal patterns specifically on an exemplary Arctic nearshore environment, where field measurements are often scarce. Multiple Landsat scenes were combined to calculate means of sediment dispersal and sea surface temperature under changing seasonal wind conditions in the nearshore zone of Herschel Island Qikiqtaruk in the western Canadian Arctic since 1982. We use observations in the Landsat red and thermal wavebands, as well as a recently published water turbidity algorithm to relate archive wind data to turbidity and sea surface temperature. We map the spatial patterns of turbidity and water temperature at high spatial resolution in order to resolve transport pathways of water and sediment at the water surface. Our results show that these pathways are clearly related to the prevailing wind conditions, being ESE and NW. During easterly wind conditions, both turbidity and water temperature are significantly higher in the nearshore area. The extent of the Mackenzie River plume and coastal erosion are the main explanatory variables for sediment dispersal and sea surface temperature distributions in the study area. During northwesterly wind conditions, the influence of the Mackenzie River plume is negligible. Our results highlight the potential of high spatial resolution Landsat imagery to ... Text Arctic Climate change Herschel Island Mackenzie river permafrost MDPI Open Access Publishing Arctic Mackenzie River Herschel Island ENVELOPE(-139.089,-139.089,69.583,69.583) Remote Sensing 11 23 2791 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
ocean color remote sensing suspended particulate matter turbidity nearshore zone Herschel Island Qikiqtaruk river plume coastal erosion Landsat |
spellingShingle |
ocean color remote sensing suspended particulate matter turbidity nearshore zone Herschel Island Qikiqtaruk river plume coastal erosion Landsat Konstantin P. Klein Hugues Lantuit Birgit Heim Frank Fell David Doxaran Anna M. Irrgang Long-Term High-Resolution Sediment and Sea Surface Temperature Spatial Patterns in Arctic Nearshore Waters Retrieved Using 30-Year Landsat Archive Imagery |
topic_facet |
ocean color remote sensing suspended particulate matter turbidity nearshore zone Herschel Island Qikiqtaruk river plume coastal erosion Landsat |
description |
The Arctic is directly impacted by climate change. The increase in air temperature drives the thawing of permafrost and an increase in coastal erosion and river discharge. This leads to a greater input of sediment and organic matter into coastal waters, which substantially impacts the ecosystems, the subsistence economy of the local population, and the climate because of the transformation of organic matter into greenhouse gases. Yet, the patterns of sediment dispersal in the nearshore zone are not well known, because ships do not often reach shallow waters and satellite remote sensing is traditionally focused on less dynamic environments. The goal of this study is to use the extensive Landsat archive to investigate sediment dispersal patterns specifically on an exemplary Arctic nearshore environment, where field measurements are often scarce. Multiple Landsat scenes were combined to calculate means of sediment dispersal and sea surface temperature under changing seasonal wind conditions in the nearshore zone of Herschel Island Qikiqtaruk in the western Canadian Arctic since 1982. We use observations in the Landsat red and thermal wavebands, as well as a recently published water turbidity algorithm to relate archive wind data to turbidity and sea surface temperature. We map the spatial patterns of turbidity and water temperature at high spatial resolution in order to resolve transport pathways of water and sediment at the water surface. Our results show that these pathways are clearly related to the prevailing wind conditions, being ESE and NW. During easterly wind conditions, both turbidity and water temperature are significantly higher in the nearshore area. The extent of the Mackenzie River plume and coastal erosion are the main explanatory variables for sediment dispersal and sea surface temperature distributions in the study area. During northwesterly wind conditions, the influence of the Mackenzie River plume is negligible. Our results highlight the potential of high spatial resolution Landsat imagery to ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Konstantin P. Klein Hugues Lantuit Birgit Heim Frank Fell David Doxaran Anna M. Irrgang |
author_facet |
Konstantin P. Klein Hugues Lantuit Birgit Heim Frank Fell David Doxaran Anna M. Irrgang |
author_sort |
Konstantin P. Klein |
title |
Long-Term High-Resolution Sediment and Sea Surface Temperature Spatial Patterns in Arctic Nearshore Waters Retrieved Using 30-Year Landsat Archive Imagery |
title_short |
Long-Term High-Resolution Sediment and Sea Surface Temperature Spatial Patterns in Arctic Nearshore Waters Retrieved Using 30-Year Landsat Archive Imagery |
title_full |
Long-Term High-Resolution Sediment and Sea Surface Temperature Spatial Patterns in Arctic Nearshore Waters Retrieved Using 30-Year Landsat Archive Imagery |
title_fullStr |
Long-Term High-Resolution Sediment and Sea Surface Temperature Spatial Patterns in Arctic Nearshore Waters Retrieved Using 30-Year Landsat Archive Imagery |
title_full_unstemmed |
Long-Term High-Resolution Sediment and Sea Surface Temperature Spatial Patterns in Arctic Nearshore Waters Retrieved Using 30-Year Landsat Archive Imagery |
title_sort |
long-term high-resolution sediment and sea surface temperature spatial patterns in arctic nearshore waters retrieved using 30-year landsat archive imagery |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11232791 |
op_coverage |
agris |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-139.089,-139.089,69.583,69.583) |
geographic |
Arctic Mackenzie River Herschel Island |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Mackenzie River Herschel Island |
genre |
Arctic Climate change Herschel Island Mackenzie river permafrost |
genre_facet |
Arctic Climate change Herschel Island Mackenzie river permafrost |
op_source |
Remote Sensing; Volume 11; Issue 23; Pages: 2791 |
op_relation |
Ocean Remote Sensing https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11232791 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11232791 |
container_title |
Remote Sensing |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
23 |
container_start_page |
2791 |
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1774714531336945664 |