Intercomparison of Integrated Water Vapor Measurements at High Latitudes from Co-Located and Near-Located Instruments
Data from global positioning system (GPS) ground-based receivers, ground-based microwave radiometers (MWRs), and radiosondes (RS) at two high-latitude sites were compared. At one site, the North Slope of Alaska (NSA), Barrow, Alaska (USA), the instruments were co-located, while at the other site, th...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/11/18/2130/ 2023-08-20T04:05:32+02:00 Intercomparison of Integrated Water Vapor Measurements at High Latitudes from Co-Located and Near-Located Instruments Ermanno Fionda Maria Cadeddu Vinia Mattioli Rosa Pacione 2019-09-13 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11182130 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Atmosphere Remote Sensing https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11182130 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Remote Sensing; Volume 11; Issue 18; Pages: 2130 water vapor microwave radiometry GPS radio sounding remote sensing Text 2019 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11182130 2023-07-31T22:36:23Z Data from global positioning system (GPS) ground-based receivers, ground-based microwave radiometers (MWRs), and radiosondes (RS) at two high-latitude sites were compared. At one site, the North Slope of Alaska (NSA), Barrow, Alaska (USA), the instruments were co-located, while at the other site, the second ARM Mobile Facility (AMF2), Hyytiälä, Finland, the GPS receiver was located about 20 km away from the MWRs and RS. Differences between the GPS-derived integrated water vapor (IWV) and the other three instruments were analyzed in terms of mean differences and standard deviation. A comparison of co-located and near-located independently calibrated instruments allowed us to isolate issues that may be specific to a single system and, to some extent, to isolate the effects of the distance between the GPS receiver and the remaining instruments. The results showed that at these two high-latitude sites, when the IWV was less than 15 kg/m2, the GPS agreed with other instruments within 0.5–0.7 kg/m2. When the variability of water vapor was higher, mostly in the summer months, the GPS agreed with other instruments within 0.8–1 kg/m2. The total random uncertainty between the GPS and the other systems was of the order of 0.6–1 kg/m2 and was the dominant effect when the IWV was higher than 15 kg/m2. Text Barrow north slope Alaska MDPI Open Access Publishing Remote Sensing 11 18 2130 |
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MDPI Open Access Publishing |
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English |
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water vapor microwave radiometry GPS radio sounding remote sensing |
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water vapor microwave radiometry GPS radio sounding remote sensing Ermanno Fionda Maria Cadeddu Vinia Mattioli Rosa Pacione Intercomparison of Integrated Water Vapor Measurements at High Latitudes from Co-Located and Near-Located Instruments |
topic_facet |
water vapor microwave radiometry GPS radio sounding remote sensing |
description |
Data from global positioning system (GPS) ground-based receivers, ground-based microwave radiometers (MWRs), and radiosondes (RS) at two high-latitude sites were compared. At one site, the North Slope of Alaska (NSA), Barrow, Alaska (USA), the instruments were co-located, while at the other site, the second ARM Mobile Facility (AMF2), Hyytiälä, Finland, the GPS receiver was located about 20 km away from the MWRs and RS. Differences between the GPS-derived integrated water vapor (IWV) and the other three instruments were analyzed in terms of mean differences and standard deviation. A comparison of co-located and near-located independently calibrated instruments allowed us to isolate issues that may be specific to a single system and, to some extent, to isolate the effects of the distance between the GPS receiver and the remaining instruments. The results showed that at these two high-latitude sites, when the IWV was less than 15 kg/m2, the GPS agreed with other instruments within 0.5–0.7 kg/m2. When the variability of water vapor was higher, mostly in the summer months, the GPS agreed with other instruments within 0.8–1 kg/m2. The total random uncertainty between the GPS and the other systems was of the order of 0.6–1 kg/m2 and was the dominant effect when the IWV was higher than 15 kg/m2. |
format |
Text |
author |
Ermanno Fionda Maria Cadeddu Vinia Mattioli Rosa Pacione |
author_facet |
Ermanno Fionda Maria Cadeddu Vinia Mattioli Rosa Pacione |
author_sort |
Ermanno Fionda |
title |
Intercomparison of Integrated Water Vapor Measurements at High Latitudes from Co-Located and Near-Located Instruments |
title_short |
Intercomparison of Integrated Water Vapor Measurements at High Latitudes from Co-Located and Near-Located Instruments |
title_full |
Intercomparison of Integrated Water Vapor Measurements at High Latitudes from Co-Located and Near-Located Instruments |
title_fullStr |
Intercomparison of Integrated Water Vapor Measurements at High Latitudes from Co-Located and Near-Located Instruments |
title_full_unstemmed |
Intercomparison of Integrated Water Vapor Measurements at High Latitudes from Co-Located and Near-Located Instruments |
title_sort |
intercomparison of integrated water vapor measurements at high latitudes from co-located and near-located instruments |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11182130 |
genre |
Barrow north slope Alaska |
genre_facet |
Barrow north slope Alaska |
op_source |
Remote Sensing; Volume 11; Issue 18; Pages: 2130 |
op_relation |
Atmosphere Remote Sensing https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11182130 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11182130 |
container_title |
Remote Sensing |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
18 |
container_start_page |
2130 |
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1774716081447895040 |