Changes in the Frequency of Extreme Cooling Events in Winter over China and Their Relationship with Arctic Oscillation
Extreme weather and climate events are becoming increasingly frequent and have gained an increasing amount of attention. Extreme cooling (EC) events are a major challenge to socioeconomic sustainability and human health. Based on meteorological stations and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, this study anal...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/2071-1050/13/20/11491/ 2023-08-20T04:04:01+02:00 Changes in the Frequency of Extreme Cooling Events in Winter over China and Their Relationship with Arctic Oscillation Shuaifeng Song Xiaodong Yan agris 2021-10-18 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/su132011491 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Air, Climate Change and Sustainability https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132011491 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Sustainability; Volume 13; Issue 20; Pages: 11491 extreme cooling events Arctic Oscillation winter in China atmospheric circulation Text 2021 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/su132011491 2023-08-01T02:59:28Z Extreme weather and climate events are becoming increasingly frequent and have gained an increasing amount of attention. Extreme cooling (EC) events are a major challenge to socioeconomic sustainability and human health. Based on meteorological stations and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, this study analyzed the temporal and spatial distributions of EC events in winter in China by using the relative threshold and the relationship between EC events and the Arctic Oscillation (AO) index during the period of 1961–2017. The results show that the frequency of EC events in China decreased by 0.730 d in these 57 years, with a trend of −0.1 d/10 y. Northeast China had the highest frequency of EC events in winter, with an average of 4 d. In addition, EC events are significantly negatively correlated with the AO index in China, with a correlation coefficient of −0.5, and the AO index accounts for approximately 21% of the EC event variance. The strongest correlations are mainly located in Northwest China. Our research shows that significant changes in the mid–high latitude atmospheric circulation anomalies, which are associated with the AO, are responsible for EC events. These findings provide theoretical guidance for the prediction and simulation of EC events. Text Arctic Human health MDPI Open Access Publishing Arctic Sustainability 13 20 11491 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
extreme cooling events Arctic Oscillation winter in China atmospheric circulation |
spellingShingle |
extreme cooling events Arctic Oscillation winter in China atmospheric circulation Shuaifeng Song Xiaodong Yan Changes in the Frequency of Extreme Cooling Events in Winter over China and Their Relationship with Arctic Oscillation |
topic_facet |
extreme cooling events Arctic Oscillation winter in China atmospheric circulation |
description |
Extreme weather and climate events are becoming increasingly frequent and have gained an increasing amount of attention. Extreme cooling (EC) events are a major challenge to socioeconomic sustainability and human health. Based on meteorological stations and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, this study analyzed the temporal and spatial distributions of EC events in winter in China by using the relative threshold and the relationship between EC events and the Arctic Oscillation (AO) index during the period of 1961–2017. The results show that the frequency of EC events in China decreased by 0.730 d in these 57 years, with a trend of −0.1 d/10 y. Northeast China had the highest frequency of EC events in winter, with an average of 4 d. In addition, EC events are significantly negatively correlated with the AO index in China, with a correlation coefficient of −0.5, and the AO index accounts for approximately 21% of the EC event variance. The strongest correlations are mainly located in Northwest China. Our research shows that significant changes in the mid–high latitude atmospheric circulation anomalies, which are associated with the AO, are responsible for EC events. These findings provide theoretical guidance for the prediction and simulation of EC events. |
format |
Text |
author |
Shuaifeng Song Xiaodong Yan |
author_facet |
Shuaifeng Song Xiaodong Yan |
author_sort |
Shuaifeng Song |
title |
Changes in the Frequency of Extreme Cooling Events in Winter over China and Their Relationship with Arctic Oscillation |
title_short |
Changes in the Frequency of Extreme Cooling Events in Winter over China and Their Relationship with Arctic Oscillation |
title_full |
Changes in the Frequency of Extreme Cooling Events in Winter over China and Their Relationship with Arctic Oscillation |
title_fullStr |
Changes in the Frequency of Extreme Cooling Events in Winter over China and Their Relationship with Arctic Oscillation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Changes in the Frequency of Extreme Cooling Events in Winter over China and Their Relationship with Arctic Oscillation |
title_sort |
changes in the frequency of extreme cooling events in winter over china and their relationship with arctic oscillation |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/su132011491 |
op_coverage |
agris |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Human health |
genre_facet |
Arctic Human health |
op_source |
Sustainability; Volume 13; Issue 20; Pages: 11491 |
op_relation |
Air, Climate Change and Sustainability https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132011491 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/su132011491 |
container_title |
Sustainability |
container_volume |
13 |
container_issue |
20 |
container_start_page |
11491 |
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1774714453898559488 |