Erythroid Progenitor Cells in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) May Be Persistently and Productively Infected with Piscine Orthoreovirus (PRV)
Piscine orthoreovirus (PRV-1) can cause heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI) in farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). The virus targets erythrocytes in the acute peak phase, followed by cardiomyocytes, before the infection subsides into persistence. The persistent phase is characterized by...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/1999-4915/11/9/824/ 2023-08-20T04:05:14+02:00 Erythroid Progenitor Cells in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) May Be Persistently and Productively Infected with Piscine Orthoreovirus (PRV) Muhammad Salman Malik Håvard Bjørgen Kannimuthu Dhamotharan Øystein Wessel Erling Olaf Koppang Emiliano Di Cicco Elisabeth F. Hansen Maria K. Dahle Espen Rimstad agris 2019-09-05 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/v11090824 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Animal Viruses https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11090824 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Viruses; Volume 11; Issue 9; Pages: 824 PRV-1 piscine orthoreovirus persistence erythroid progenitor cells Text 2019 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/v11090824 2023-07-31T22:34:58Z Piscine orthoreovirus (PRV-1) can cause heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI) in farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). The virus targets erythrocytes in the acute peak phase, followed by cardiomyocytes, before the infection subsides into persistence. The persistent phase is characterized by high level of viral RNA, but low level of viral protein. The origin and nature of persistent PRV-1 are not clear. Here, we analyzed for viral persistence and activity in various tissues and cell types in experimentally infected Atlantic salmon. Plasma contained PRV-1 genomic dsRNA throughout an 18-week long infection trial, indicating that viral particles are continuously produced and released. The highest level of PRV-1 RNA in the persistent phase was found in kidney. The level of PRV-1 ssRNA transcripts in kidney was significantly higher than that of blood cells in the persistent phase. In-situ hybridization assays confirmed that PRV-1 RNA was present in erythroid progenitor cells, erythrocytes, macrophages, melano-macrophages and in some additional un-characterized cells in kidney. These results show that PRV-1 establishes a productive, persistent infection in Atlantic salmon and that erythrocyte progenitor cells are PRV target cells. Text Atlantic salmon Salmo salar MDPI Open Access Publishing Viruses 11 9 824 |
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MDPI Open Access Publishing |
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English |
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PRV-1 piscine orthoreovirus persistence erythroid progenitor cells |
spellingShingle |
PRV-1 piscine orthoreovirus persistence erythroid progenitor cells Muhammad Salman Malik Håvard Bjørgen Kannimuthu Dhamotharan Øystein Wessel Erling Olaf Koppang Emiliano Di Cicco Elisabeth F. Hansen Maria K. Dahle Espen Rimstad Erythroid Progenitor Cells in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) May Be Persistently and Productively Infected with Piscine Orthoreovirus (PRV) |
topic_facet |
PRV-1 piscine orthoreovirus persistence erythroid progenitor cells |
description |
Piscine orthoreovirus (PRV-1) can cause heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI) in farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). The virus targets erythrocytes in the acute peak phase, followed by cardiomyocytes, before the infection subsides into persistence. The persistent phase is characterized by high level of viral RNA, but low level of viral protein. The origin and nature of persistent PRV-1 are not clear. Here, we analyzed for viral persistence and activity in various tissues and cell types in experimentally infected Atlantic salmon. Plasma contained PRV-1 genomic dsRNA throughout an 18-week long infection trial, indicating that viral particles are continuously produced and released. The highest level of PRV-1 RNA in the persistent phase was found in kidney. The level of PRV-1 ssRNA transcripts in kidney was significantly higher than that of blood cells in the persistent phase. In-situ hybridization assays confirmed that PRV-1 RNA was present in erythroid progenitor cells, erythrocytes, macrophages, melano-macrophages and in some additional un-characterized cells in kidney. These results show that PRV-1 establishes a productive, persistent infection in Atlantic salmon and that erythrocyte progenitor cells are PRV target cells. |
format |
Text |
author |
Muhammad Salman Malik Håvard Bjørgen Kannimuthu Dhamotharan Øystein Wessel Erling Olaf Koppang Emiliano Di Cicco Elisabeth F. Hansen Maria K. Dahle Espen Rimstad |
author_facet |
Muhammad Salman Malik Håvard Bjørgen Kannimuthu Dhamotharan Øystein Wessel Erling Olaf Koppang Emiliano Di Cicco Elisabeth F. Hansen Maria K. Dahle Espen Rimstad |
author_sort |
Muhammad Salman Malik |
title |
Erythroid Progenitor Cells in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) May Be Persistently and Productively Infected with Piscine Orthoreovirus (PRV) |
title_short |
Erythroid Progenitor Cells in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) May Be Persistently and Productively Infected with Piscine Orthoreovirus (PRV) |
title_full |
Erythroid Progenitor Cells in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) May Be Persistently and Productively Infected with Piscine Orthoreovirus (PRV) |
title_fullStr |
Erythroid Progenitor Cells in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) May Be Persistently and Productively Infected with Piscine Orthoreovirus (PRV) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Erythroid Progenitor Cells in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) May Be Persistently and Productively Infected with Piscine Orthoreovirus (PRV) |
title_sort |
erythroid progenitor cells in atlantic salmon (salmo salar) may be persistently and productively infected with piscine orthoreovirus (prv) |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/v11090824 |
op_coverage |
agris |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_source |
Viruses; Volume 11; Issue 9; Pages: 824 |
op_relation |
Animal Viruses https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11090824 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/v11090824 |
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Viruses |
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11 |
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9 |
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824 |
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1774715727702392832 |