A Comparative Study of Climatology, Energy and Mass Exchange in Two Forests on Contrasting Habitats in Central Siberia: Permafrost Larix gmelinii vs. Permafrost-Free Pinus sylvestris
Inter-annual and seasonal variations of energy, vapor water, and carbon fluxes and associated climate variables in a middle taiga pine (Pinus sylvestris) forest on sandy soils and in a northern taiga larch (Larix gmelinii) forest on permafrost in central Siberia were studied from eddy covariance mea...
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2023
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/1999-4907/14/2/346/ 2023-08-20T04:09:09+02:00 A Comparative Study of Climatology, Energy and Mass Exchange in Two Forests on Contrasting Habitats in Central Siberia: Permafrost Larix gmelinii vs. Permafrost-Free Pinus sylvestris Nadezhda M. Tchebakova Viacheslav I. Zyryanov Olga A. Zyryanova Elena I. Parfenova Takuya Kajimoto Yojiro Matsuura agris 2023-02-09 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/f14020346 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Forest Biodiversity https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14020346 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Forests; Volume 14; Issue 2; Pages: 346 energy water vapor and carbon flux water use efficiency heat and water balance permafrost Scots pine Gmelin larch interior Siberia Text 2023 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/f14020346 2023-08-01T08:43:45Z Inter-annual and seasonal variations of energy, vapor water, and carbon fluxes and associated climate variables in a middle taiga pine (Pinus sylvestris) forest on sandy soils and in a northern taiga larch (Larix gmelinii) forest on permafrost in central Siberia were studied from eddy covariance measurements acquired during the growing seasons of 1998–2000 and 2004–2008, respectively. Both the pure Scots pine of 215-year-old and pure Gmelin larch of 105-year-old forests naturally regenerated after forest fires, differed by their tree stand characteristics, and grew in extremely contrasting environments with distinctive climatic and soil conditions. Net radiation was greater in the pine forest due to higher values in the summer months and a longer growing season. Sensible heat flux was the larger term in the radiation balance in both forests. The Bowen ratio stayed between 1 and 2 during the growing season and was as high as 8–10 in dry spring in both forests. In the dry summers, latent heat explained 70%–80% of the daily net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) variation in both forests. The average NEE was significantly smaller in the larch ecosystem at −4 µmol m−2s−1 compared to −7 µmol m−2s−1 in the pine forest. NEP for the growing season was 83 in the larch forest on continuous permafrost and 228 g C m−2 in the pine forest on warm sandy soils. Water use efficiency was 5.8 mg CO2 g−1H2O in the larch forest and 11 mg CO2 g−1H2O in the pine forest and appeared to be consistent with that in boreal forests. As a result of the forest structure change from Gmelin larch to Scots pine due to the permafrost retreat in a warming climate, the boreal forest C-sink may be expected to increase. Thus, potential feedback to the climate system in these “hot spots” of forest-forming replacement species may promote C-uptake from the atmosphere. However, as many studies suggest, in the pace of transition from permafrost to non-permafrost, C-sink would turn into C-source in hot spots of permafrost retreat. Text permafrost taiga Siberia MDPI Open Access Publishing Forests 14 2 346 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
energy water vapor and carbon flux water use efficiency heat and water balance permafrost Scots pine Gmelin larch interior Siberia |
spellingShingle |
energy water vapor and carbon flux water use efficiency heat and water balance permafrost Scots pine Gmelin larch interior Siberia Nadezhda M. Tchebakova Viacheslav I. Zyryanov Olga A. Zyryanova Elena I. Parfenova Takuya Kajimoto Yojiro Matsuura A Comparative Study of Climatology, Energy and Mass Exchange in Two Forests on Contrasting Habitats in Central Siberia: Permafrost Larix gmelinii vs. Permafrost-Free Pinus sylvestris |
topic_facet |
energy water vapor and carbon flux water use efficiency heat and water balance permafrost Scots pine Gmelin larch interior Siberia |
description |
Inter-annual and seasonal variations of energy, vapor water, and carbon fluxes and associated climate variables in a middle taiga pine (Pinus sylvestris) forest on sandy soils and in a northern taiga larch (Larix gmelinii) forest on permafrost in central Siberia were studied from eddy covariance measurements acquired during the growing seasons of 1998–2000 and 2004–2008, respectively. Both the pure Scots pine of 215-year-old and pure Gmelin larch of 105-year-old forests naturally regenerated after forest fires, differed by their tree stand characteristics, and grew in extremely contrasting environments with distinctive climatic and soil conditions. Net radiation was greater in the pine forest due to higher values in the summer months and a longer growing season. Sensible heat flux was the larger term in the radiation balance in both forests. The Bowen ratio stayed between 1 and 2 during the growing season and was as high as 8–10 in dry spring in both forests. In the dry summers, latent heat explained 70%–80% of the daily net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) variation in both forests. The average NEE was significantly smaller in the larch ecosystem at −4 µmol m−2s−1 compared to −7 µmol m−2s−1 in the pine forest. NEP for the growing season was 83 in the larch forest on continuous permafrost and 228 g C m−2 in the pine forest on warm sandy soils. Water use efficiency was 5.8 mg CO2 g−1H2O in the larch forest and 11 mg CO2 g−1H2O in the pine forest and appeared to be consistent with that in boreal forests. As a result of the forest structure change from Gmelin larch to Scots pine due to the permafrost retreat in a warming climate, the boreal forest C-sink may be expected to increase. Thus, potential feedback to the climate system in these “hot spots” of forest-forming replacement species may promote C-uptake from the atmosphere. However, as many studies suggest, in the pace of transition from permafrost to non-permafrost, C-sink would turn into C-source in hot spots of permafrost retreat. |
format |
Text |
author |
Nadezhda M. Tchebakova Viacheslav I. Zyryanov Olga A. Zyryanova Elena I. Parfenova Takuya Kajimoto Yojiro Matsuura |
author_facet |
Nadezhda M. Tchebakova Viacheslav I. Zyryanov Olga A. Zyryanova Elena I. Parfenova Takuya Kajimoto Yojiro Matsuura |
author_sort |
Nadezhda M. Tchebakova |
title |
A Comparative Study of Climatology, Energy and Mass Exchange in Two Forests on Contrasting Habitats in Central Siberia: Permafrost Larix gmelinii vs. Permafrost-Free Pinus sylvestris |
title_short |
A Comparative Study of Climatology, Energy and Mass Exchange in Two Forests on Contrasting Habitats in Central Siberia: Permafrost Larix gmelinii vs. Permafrost-Free Pinus sylvestris |
title_full |
A Comparative Study of Climatology, Energy and Mass Exchange in Two Forests on Contrasting Habitats in Central Siberia: Permafrost Larix gmelinii vs. Permafrost-Free Pinus sylvestris |
title_fullStr |
A Comparative Study of Climatology, Energy and Mass Exchange in Two Forests on Contrasting Habitats in Central Siberia: Permafrost Larix gmelinii vs. Permafrost-Free Pinus sylvestris |
title_full_unstemmed |
A Comparative Study of Climatology, Energy and Mass Exchange in Two Forests on Contrasting Habitats in Central Siberia: Permafrost Larix gmelinii vs. Permafrost-Free Pinus sylvestris |
title_sort |
comparative study of climatology, energy and mass exchange in two forests on contrasting habitats in central siberia: permafrost larix gmelinii vs. permafrost-free pinus sylvestris |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/f14020346 |
op_coverage |
agris |
genre |
permafrost taiga Siberia |
genre_facet |
permafrost taiga Siberia |
op_source |
Forests; Volume 14; Issue 2; Pages: 346 |
op_relation |
Forest Biodiversity https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14020346 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/f14020346 |
container_title |
Forests |
container_volume |
14 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
346 |
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1774721915577958400 |