Enzymatic Transesterification of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Oil with Isoamyl Alcohol
In this experimental study, biodiesel was synthesized from the salmon oil using the Lipozyme®RM IM (Bagsværd, Denmark) as a biocatalyst. Isoamyl alcohol was used as an acyl acceptor in the transesterification process. The aim of this study is to select the best process conditions, aiming to obtain t...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/1996-1944/16/3/1185/ 2023-08-20T04:05:19+02:00 Enzymatic Transesterification of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Oil with Isoamyl Alcohol Milda Gumbytė Violeta Makareviciene Egle Sendzikiene 2023-01-30 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16031185 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Materials Chemistry https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16031185 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Materials; Volume 16; Issue 3; Pages: 1185 salmon oil transesterification isoamyl alcohol optimization response surface methodology Text 2023 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16031185 2023-08-01T08:32:44Z In this experimental study, biodiesel was synthesized from the salmon oil using the Lipozyme®RM IM (Bagsværd, Denmark) as a biocatalyst. Isoamyl alcohol was used as an acyl acceptor in the transesterification process. The aim of this study is to select the best process conditions, aiming to obtain the highest transesterification degree that meets the requirements of the EN 14214 standard. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used for statistical analysis and optimization of process parameters. A four-factor experimental design was modelled by central compositional design (CCD) to investigate the effects of biocatalyst concentration, isoamyl alcohol-to-oil molar ratio, temperature, and duration on transesterification degree. It was determined that the optimal parameters for biodiesel synthesis were the following: an enzyme concentration of 11% (wt. of oil mass); a process temperature of 45 °C; a process duration of 4 h; and an alcohol-to-oil molar ratio of 6:1. The transesterification degree of biodiesel reached 87.23%. The stepwise addition of isoamyl alcohol during the transesterification process further increased the degree of transesterification to 96.5%. Text Atlantic salmon Salmo salar MDPI Open Access Publishing Materials 16 3 1185 |
institution |
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MDPI Open Access Publishing |
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ftmdpi |
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English |
topic |
salmon oil transesterification isoamyl alcohol optimization response surface methodology |
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salmon oil transesterification isoamyl alcohol optimization response surface methodology Milda Gumbytė Violeta Makareviciene Egle Sendzikiene Enzymatic Transesterification of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Oil with Isoamyl Alcohol |
topic_facet |
salmon oil transesterification isoamyl alcohol optimization response surface methodology |
description |
In this experimental study, biodiesel was synthesized from the salmon oil using the Lipozyme®RM IM (Bagsværd, Denmark) as a biocatalyst. Isoamyl alcohol was used as an acyl acceptor in the transesterification process. The aim of this study is to select the best process conditions, aiming to obtain the highest transesterification degree that meets the requirements of the EN 14214 standard. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used for statistical analysis and optimization of process parameters. A four-factor experimental design was modelled by central compositional design (CCD) to investigate the effects of biocatalyst concentration, isoamyl alcohol-to-oil molar ratio, temperature, and duration on transesterification degree. It was determined that the optimal parameters for biodiesel synthesis were the following: an enzyme concentration of 11% (wt. of oil mass); a process temperature of 45 °C; a process duration of 4 h; and an alcohol-to-oil molar ratio of 6:1. The transesterification degree of biodiesel reached 87.23%. The stepwise addition of isoamyl alcohol during the transesterification process further increased the degree of transesterification to 96.5%. |
format |
Text |
author |
Milda Gumbytė Violeta Makareviciene Egle Sendzikiene |
author_facet |
Milda Gumbytė Violeta Makareviciene Egle Sendzikiene |
author_sort |
Milda Gumbytė |
title |
Enzymatic Transesterification of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Oil with Isoamyl Alcohol |
title_short |
Enzymatic Transesterification of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Oil with Isoamyl Alcohol |
title_full |
Enzymatic Transesterification of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Oil with Isoamyl Alcohol |
title_fullStr |
Enzymatic Transesterification of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Oil with Isoamyl Alcohol |
title_full_unstemmed |
Enzymatic Transesterification of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Oil with Isoamyl Alcohol |
title_sort |
enzymatic transesterification of atlantic salmon (salmo salar) oil with isoamyl alcohol |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16031185 |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_source |
Materials; Volume 16; Issue 3; Pages: 1185 |
op_relation |
Materials Chemistry https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16031185 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16031185 |
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Materials |
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16 |
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3 |
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1185 |
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1774715820635586560 |