Methane Hydrate Pellet Transport Using the Self-Preservation Effect: A Techno-Economic Analysis
Within the German integrated project SUGAR, aiming for the development of new technologies for the exploration and exploitation of submarine gas hydrates, the option of gas transport by gas hydrate pellets has been comprehensively re-investigated. A series of pVT dissociation experiments, combined w...
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Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/1996-1073/5/7/2499/ 2023-08-20T04:07:56+02:00 Methane Hydrate Pellet Transport Using the Self-Preservation Effect: A Techno-Economic Analysis Gregor Rehder Robert Eckl Markus Elfgen Andrzej Falenty Rainer Hamann Nina Kähler Werner F. Kuhs Hans Osterkamp Christoph Windmeier 2012-07-16 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/en5072499 EN eng Molecular Diversity Preservation International https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en5072499 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Energies; Volume 5; Issue 7; Pages: 2499-2523 methane hydrate NGH gas transport self-preservation LNG CNG pipeline methane hydrate carrier risk analysis Text 2012 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/en5072499 2023-07-31T20:29:29Z Within the German integrated project SUGAR, aiming for the development of new technologies for the exploration and exploitation of submarine gas hydrates, the option of gas transport by gas hydrate pellets has been comprehensively re-investigated. A series of pVT dissociation experiments, combined with analytical tools such as x-ray diffraction and cryo-SEM, were used to gather an additional level of understanding on effects controlling ice formation. Based on these new findings and the accessible literature, knowns and unknowns of the self-preservation effect important for the technology are summarized. A conceptual process design for methane hydrate production and pelletisation has been developed. For the major steps identified, comprising (i) hydrate formation; (ii) dewatering; (iii) pelletisation; (iv) pellet cooling; and (v) pressure relief, available technologies have been evaluated, and modifications and amendments included where needed. A hydrate carrier has been designed, featuring amongst other technical solutions a pivoted cargo system with the potential to mitigate sintering, an actively cooled containment and cargo distribution system, and a dual fuel engine allowing the use of the boil-off gas. The design was constrained by the properties of gas hydrate pellets, the expected operation on continental slopes in areas with rough seas, a scenario-defined loading capacity of 20,000 m3 methane hydrate pellets, and safety as well as environmental considerations. A risk analysis for the transport at sea has been carried out in this early stage of development, and the safety level of the new concept was compared to the safety level of other ship types with similar scopes, i.e., LNG carriers and crude oil tankers. Based on the results of the technological part of this study, and with best knowledge available on the alternative technologies, i.e., pipeline, LNG and CNG transportation, an evaluation of the economic competitiveness of the methane hydrate transport technology has been performed. The analysis ... Text Methane hydrate MDPI Open Access Publishing The Boil ENVELOPE(-57.443,-57.443,-63.496,-63.496) Energies 5 7 2499 2523 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
methane hydrate NGH gas transport self-preservation LNG CNG pipeline methane hydrate carrier risk analysis |
spellingShingle |
methane hydrate NGH gas transport self-preservation LNG CNG pipeline methane hydrate carrier risk analysis Gregor Rehder Robert Eckl Markus Elfgen Andrzej Falenty Rainer Hamann Nina Kähler Werner F. Kuhs Hans Osterkamp Christoph Windmeier Methane Hydrate Pellet Transport Using the Self-Preservation Effect: A Techno-Economic Analysis |
topic_facet |
methane hydrate NGH gas transport self-preservation LNG CNG pipeline methane hydrate carrier risk analysis |
description |
Within the German integrated project SUGAR, aiming for the development of new technologies for the exploration and exploitation of submarine gas hydrates, the option of gas transport by gas hydrate pellets has been comprehensively re-investigated. A series of pVT dissociation experiments, combined with analytical tools such as x-ray diffraction and cryo-SEM, were used to gather an additional level of understanding on effects controlling ice formation. Based on these new findings and the accessible literature, knowns and unknowns of the self-preservation effect important for the technology are summarized. A conceptual process design for methane hydrate production and pelletisation has been developed. For the major steps identified, comprising (i) hydrate formation; (ii) dewatering; (iii) pelletisation; (iv) pellet cooling; and (v) pressure relief, available technologies have been evaluated, and modifications and amendments included where needed. A hydrate carrier has been designed, featuring amongst other technical solutions a pivoted cargo system with the potential to mitigate sintering, an actively cooled containment and cargo distribution system, and a dual fuel engine allowing the use of the boil-off gas. The design was constrained by the properties of gas hydrate pellets, the expected operation on continental slopes in areas with rough seas, a scenario-defined loading capacity of 20,000 m3 methane hydrate pellets, and safety as well as environmental considerations. A risk analysis for the transport at sea has been carried out in this early stage of development, and the safety level of the new concept was compared to the safety level of other ship types with similar scopes, i.e., LNG carriers and crude oil tankers. Based on the results of the technological part of this study, and with best knowledge available on the alternative technologies, i.e., pipeline, LNG and CNG transportation, an evaluation of the economic competitiveness of the methane hydrate transport technology has been performed. The analysis ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Gregor Rehder Robert Eckl Markus Elfgen Andrzej Falenty Rainer Hamann Nina Kähler Werner F. Kuhs Hans Osterkamp Christoph Windmeier |
author_facet |
Gregor Rehder Robert Eckl Markus Elfgen Andrzej Falenty Rainer Hamann Nina Kähler Werner F. Kuhs Hans Osterkamp Christoph Windmeier |
author_sort |
Gregor Rehder |
title |
Methane Hydrate Pellet Transport Using the Self-Preservation Effect: A Techno-Economic Analysis |
title_short |
Methane Hydrate Pellet Transport Using the Self-Preservation Effect: A Techno-Economic Analysis |
title_full |
Methane Hydrate Pellet Transport Using the Self-Preservation Effect: A Techno-Economic Analysis |
title_fullStr |
Methane Hydrate Pellet Transport Using the Self-Preservation Effect: A Techno-Economic Analysis |
title_full_unstemmed |
Methane Hydrate Pellet Transport Using the Self-Preservation Effect: A Techno-Economic Analysis |
title_sort |
methane hydrate pellet transport using the self-preservation effect: a techno-economic analysis |
publisher |
Molecular Diversity Preservation International |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/en5072499 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-57.443,-57.443,-63.496,-63.496) |
geographic |
The Boil |
geographic_facet |
The Boil |
genre |
Methane hydrate |
genre_facet |
Methane hydrate |
op_source |
Energies; Volume 5; Issue 7; Pages: 2499-2523 |
op_relation |
https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en5072499 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/en5072499 |
container_title |
Energies |
container_volume |
5 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
2499 |
op_container_end_page |
2523 |
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1774719927992713216 |