Using Energy Storage-Based Grid Forming Inverters for Operational Reserve in Hybrid Diesel Microgrids
In remote arctic communities, where access to a bulk electrical grid interconnection is not available, the implementation of islanded microgrids has been the most viable way to produce and distribute electricity services to their inhabitants. Historically, these islanded grids have relied primarily...
Published in: | Energies |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , |
Format: | Text |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2022
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3390/en15072456 |
id |
ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/1996-1073/15/7/2456/ |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/1996-1073/15/7/2456/ 2023-08-20T04:04:14+02:00 Using Energy Storage-Based Grid Forming Inverters for Operational Reserve in Hybrid Diesel Microgrids Javier Hernandez-Alvidrez Rachid Darbali-Zamora Jack D. Flicker Mariko Shirazi Jeremy VanderMeer William Thomson 2022-03-27 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/en15072456 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute A1: Smart Grids and Microgrids https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15072456 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Energies; Volume 15; Issue 7; Pages: 2456 grid-forming inverter grid bridge system spinning reserve islanded microgrid arctic communities diesel hybrid systems Text 2022 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/en15072456 2023-08-01T04:35:02Z In remote arctic communities, where access to a bulk electrical grid interconnection is not available, the implementation of islanded microgrids has been the most viable way to produce and distribute electricity services to their inhabitants. Historically, these islanded grids have relied primarily on diesel generators or hydropower resources to supply the baseload. However, this practice can result in increased expense due to the high costs associated with fuel transportation and the significant amounts of on-site storage necessary when fuel transportation is unavailable during winter months. In order to mitigate this problem, arctic microgrids have started to transition to a hybrid-source operational mode by incorporating renewable energy sources that are inherently variable in nature, such as wind or solar. Due to their highly stochastic behavior, these hybrid-source islanded microgrids can pose potential issues related to power quality due to introduction of rapid net load fluctuations and inability of diesel generators to respond rapidly. In addition, non-firm stochastic sources can require significant idling diesel generator resources to serve as spinning reserves, which is inefficient and wasteful. This work studies the problems that may arise in the transient dynamics of a real-world hybrid diesel microgrid when subjected to a loss of wind generation. Moreover, this work proposes a transition from a diesel spinning reserve to a battery energy-storage system (BESS) operating reserve scheme. The study of the proposed transition is important in establishing the fundamental implication of transient dynamics and the potential benefits of integrating a BESS as a spinning reserve in terms of stability, frequency nadir, and transient voltage deviation. The methods to investigate and validate the transient dynamics relied on both electromagnetic simulation models of GFMIs and a commercially available GFMI in an experimental power hardware-in-the-loop setup. The simulation results showed that the proposed ... Text Arctic MDPI Open Access Publishing Arctic Energies 15 7 2456 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
grid-forming inverter grid bridge system spinning reserve islanded microgrid arctic communities diesel hybrid systems |
spellingShingle |
grid-forming inverter grid bridge system spinning reserve islanded microgrid arctic communities diesel hybrid systems Javier Hernandez-Alvidrez Rachid Darbali-Zamora Jack D. Flicker Mariko Shirazi Jeremy VanderMeer William Thomson Using Energy Storage-Based Grid Forming Inverters for Operational Reserve in Hybrid Diesel Microgrids |
topic_facet |
grid-forming inverter grid bridge system spinning reserve islanded microgrid arctic communities diesel hybrid systems |
description |
In remote arctic communities, where access to a bulk electrical grid interconnection is not available, the implementation of islanded microgrids has been the most viable way to produce and distribute electricity services to their inhabitants. Historically, these islanded grids have relied primarily on diesel generators or hydropower resources to supply the baseload. However, this practice can result in increased expense due to the high costs associated with fuel transportation and the significant amounts of on-site storage necessary when fuel transportation is unavailable during winter months. In order to mitigate this problem, arctic microgrids have started to transition to a hybrid-source operational mode by incorporating renewable energy sources that are inherently variable in nature, such as wind or solar. Due to their highly stochastic behavior, these hybrid-source islanded microgrids can pose potential issues related to power quality due to introduction of rapid net load fluctuations and inability of diesel generators to respond rapidly. In addition, non-firm stochastic sources can require significant idling diesel generator resources to serve as spinning reserves, which is inefficient and wasteful. This work studies the problems that may arise in the transient dynamics of a real-world hybrid diesel microgrid when subjected to a loss of wind generation. Moreover, this work proposes a transition from a diesel spinning reserve to a battery energy-storage system (BESS) operating reserve scheme. The study of the proposed transition is important in establishing the fundamental implication of transient dynamics and the potential benefits of integrating a BESS as a spinning reserve in terms of stability, frequency nadir, and transient voltage deviation. The methods to investigate and validate the transient dynamics relied on both electromagnetic simulation models of GFMIs and a commercially available GFMI in an experimental power hardware-in-the-loop setup. The simulation results showed that the proposed ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Javier Hernandez-Alvidrez Rachid Darbali-Zamora Jack D. Flicker Mariko Shirazi Jeremy VanderMeer William Thomson |
author_facet |
Javier Hernandez-Alvidrez Rachid Darbali-Zamora Jack D. Flicker Mariko Shirazi Jeremy VanderMeer William Thomson |
author_sort |
Javier Hernandez-Alvidrez |
title |
Using Energy Storage-Based Grid Forming Inverters for Operational Reserve in Hybrid Diesel Microgrids |
title_short |
Using Energy Storage-Based Grid Forming Inverters for Operational Reserve in Hybrid Diesel Microgrids |
title_full |
Using Energy Storage-Based Grid Forming Inverters for Operational Reserve in Hybrid Diesel Microgrids |
title_fullStr |
Using Energy Storage-Based Grid Forming Inverters for Operational Reserve in Hybrid Diesel Microgrids |
title_full_unstemmed |
Using Energy Storage-Based Grid Forming Inverters for Operational Reserve in Hybrid Diesel Microgrids |
title_sort |
using energy storage-based grid forming inverters for operational reserve in hybrid diesel microgrids |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/en15072456 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Energies; Volume 15; Issue 7; Pages: 2456 |
op_relation |
A1: Smart Grids and Microgrids https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15072456 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/en15072456 |
container_title |
Energies |
container_volume |
15 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
2456 |
_version_ |
1774714639652749312 |