Long-Term Residential Exposure to Particulate Matter and Its Components, Nitrogen Dioxide and Ozone—A Northern Sweden Cohort Study on Mortality
This study aims to estimate the mortality risk associated with air pollution in a Swedish cohort with relatively low exposure. Air pollution models were used to estimate annual mean concentrations of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 µm (PM2.5), primary emitted carbonaceous particle...
Published in: | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/1660-4601/18/16/8476/ 2023-08-20T04:08:47+02:00 Long-Term Residential Exposure to Particulate Matter and Its Components, Nitrogen Dioxide and Ozone—A Northern Sweden Cohort Study on Mortality Johan N. Sommar Ulla A. Hvidtfeldt Camilla Geels Lise M. Frohn Jørgen Brandt Jesper H. Christensen Ole Raaschou-Nielsen Bertil Forsberg agris 2021-08-11 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168476 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168476 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health; Volume 18; Issue 16; Pages: 8476 air pollution components carbonaceous particles secondary inorganic aerosols secondary organic aerosols sea salt mortality Text 2021 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168476 2023-08-01T02:24:38Z This study aims to estimate the mortality risk associated with air pollution in a Swedish cohort with relatively low exposure. Air pollution models were used to estimate annual mean concentrations of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 µm (PM2.5), primary emitted carbonaceous particles (BC/pOC), sea salt, chemically formed particles grouped as secondary inorganic and organic aerosols (SIA and SOA) as well as ozone (O3) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). The exposure, as a moving average was calculated based on home address for the time windows 1 year (lag 1), 1–5 years (lag 1–5) and 1–10 years (lag 1–10) preceding the death. During the study period, 1151 cases of natural mortality, 253 cases of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and 113 cases of respiratory and lung cancer mortality were observed during 369,394 person-years of follow-up. Increased natural mortality was observed in association with NO2 (3% [95% CI −8–14%] per IQR) and PM2.5 (2% [95% CI −5–9%] for an IQR increase) and its components, except for SOA where a decreased risk was observed. Higher risk increases were observed for CVD mortality (e.g., 18% [95% CI 1–39%] per IQR for NO2). These findings at low exposure levels are relevant for future decisions concerning air quality policies. Text Northern Sweden MDPI Open Access Publishing International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18 16 8476 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
air pollution components carbonaceous particles secondary inorganic aerosols secondary organic aerosols sea salt mortality |
spellingShingle |
air pollution components carbonaceous particles secondary inorganic aerosols secondary organic aerosols sea salt mortality Johan N. Sommar Ulla A. Hvidtfeldt Camilla Geels Lise M. Frohn Jørgen Brandt Jesper H. Christensen Ole Raaschou-Nielsen Bertil Forsberg Long-Term Residential Exposure to Particulate Matter and Its Components, Nitrogen Dioxide and Ozone—A Northern Sweden Cohort Study on Mortality |
topic_facet |
air pollution components carbonaceous particles secondary inorganic aerosols secondary organic aerosols sea salt mortality |
description |
This study aims to estimate the mortality risk associated with air pollution in a Swedish cohort with relatively low exposure. Air pollution models were used to estimate annual mean concentrations of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 µm (PM2.5), primary emitted carbonaceous particles (BC/pOC), sea salt, chemically formed particles grouped as secondary inorganic and organic aerosols (SIA and SOA) as well as ozone (O3) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). The exposure, as a moving average was calculated based on home address for the time windows 1 year (lag 1), 1–5 years (lag 1–5) and 1–10 years (lag 1–10) preceding the death. During the study period, 1151 cases of natural mortality, 253 cases of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and 113 cases of respiratory and lung cancer mortality were observed during 369,394 person-years of follow-up. Increased natural mortality was observed in association with NO2 (3% [95% CI −8–14%] per IQR) and PM2.5 (2% [95% CI −5–9%] for an IQR increase) and its components, except for SOA where a decreased risk was observed. Higher risk increases were observed for CVD mortality (e.g., 18% [95% CI 1–39%] per IQR for NO2). These findings at low exposure levels are relevant for future decisions concerning air quality policies. |
format |
Text |
author |
Johan N. Sommar Ulla A. Hvidtfeldt Camilla Geels Lise M. Frohn Jørgen Brandt Jesper H. Christensen Ole Raaschou-Nielsen Bertil Forsberg |
author_facet |
Johan N. Sommar Ulla A. Hvidtfeldt Camilla Geels Lise M. Frohn Jørgen Brandt Jesper H. Christensen Ole Raaschou-Nielsen Bertil Forsberg |
author_sort |
Johan N. Sommar |
title |
Long-Term Residential Exposure to Particulate Matter and Its Components, Nitrogen Dioxide and Ozone—A Northern Sweden Cohort Study on Mortality |
title_short |
Long-Term Residential Exposure to Particulate Matter and Its Components, Nitrogen Dioxide and Ozone—A Northern Sweden Cohort Study on Mortality |
title_full |
Long-Term Residential Exposure to Particulate Matter and Its Components, Nitrogen Dioxide and Ozone—A Northern Sweden Cohort Study on Mortality |
title_fullStr |
Long-Term Residential Exposure to Particulate Matter and Its Components, Nitrogen Dioxide and Ozone—A Northern Sweden Cohort Study on Mortality |
title_full_unstemmed |
Long-Term Residential Exposure to Particulate Matter and Its Components, Nitrogen Dioxide and Ozone—A Northern Sweden Cohort Study on Mortality |
title_sort |
long-term residential exposure to particulate matter and its components, nitrogen dioxide and ozone—a northern sweden cohort study on mortality |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168476 |
op_coverage |
agris |
genre |
Northern Sweden |
genre_facet |
Northern Sweden |
op_source |
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health; Volume 18; Issue 16; Pages: 8476 |
op_relation |
https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168476 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168476 |
container_title |
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |
container_volume |
18 |
container_issue |
16 |
container_start_page |
8476 |
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1774721265217568768 |