Salmon (Salmo salar) Side Streams as a Bioresource to Obtain Potential Antioxidant Peptides after Applying Pressurized Liquid Extraction (PLE)
The pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) technique was used to obtain protein extracts with antioxidant capacity from salmon muscle remains, heads, viscera, skin, and tailfins. A protein recovery percentage ≈28% was obtained for all samples except for viscera, which was ≈92%. These values represented...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/1660-3397/19/6/323/ 2023-08-20T04:09:31+02:00 Salmon (Salmo salar) Side Streams as a Bioresource to Obtain Potential Antioxidant Peptides after Applying Pressurized Liquid Extraction (PLE) Beatriz de la Fuente Noelia Pallarés Houda Berrada Francisco J. Barba agris 2021-06-03 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/md19060323 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md19060323 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Marine Drugs; Volume 19; Issue 6; Pages: 323 pressurized liquid extraction salmon side streams peptides protein SDS-PAGE antioxidant capacity mycotoxins heavy metals Text 2021 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/md19060323 2023-08-01T01:52:25Z The pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) technique was used to obtain protein extracts with antioxidant capacity from salmon muscle remains, heads, viscera, skin, and tailfins. A protein recovery percentage ≈28% was obtained for all samples except for viscera, which was ≈92%. These values represented an increase of 1.5–4.8-fold compared to stirring extraction (control). Different SDS-PAGE profiles in control and PLE extracts revealed that extraction conditions affected the protein molecular weight distribution of the obtained extracts. Both TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity) and ORAC (oxygen radical antioxidant capacity) assays showed an outstanding antioxidant activity for viscera PLE extract. Through liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization triple time-of-flight (nanoESI qQTOF) mass spectrometry, 137 and 67 peptides were identified in control and PLE extracts from salmon viscera, respectively None of these peptides was found among the antioxidant peptides inputted in the BIOPEP-UMP database. However, bioinformatics analysis showed several antioxidant small peptides encrypted in amino acid sequences of viscera extracts, especially GPP (glycine-proline-proline) and GAA (glycine-alanine-alanine) for PLE extracts. Further research on the relationship between antioxidant activity and specific peptides from salmon viscera PLE extracts is required. In addition, the salmon side streams studied presented non-toxic levels of As, Hg, Cd, and Pb, as well as the absence of mycotoxins or related metabolites. Overall, these results confirm the feasible use of farmed salmon processing side streams as alternative sources of protein and bioactive compounds for human consumption. Text Salmo salar MDPI Open Access Publishing Marine Drugs 19 6 323 |
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English |
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pressurized liquid extraction salmon side streams peptides protein SDS-PAGE antioxidant capacity mycotoxins heavy metals |
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pressurized liquid extraction salmon side streams peptides protein SDS-PAGE antioxidant capacity mycotoxins heavy metals Beatriz de la Fuente Noelia Pallarés Houda Berrada Francisco J. Barba Salmon (Salmo salar) Side Streams as a Bioresource to Obtain Potential Antioxidant Peptides after Applying Pressurized Liquid Extraction (PLE) |
topic_facet |
pressurized liquid extraction salmon side streams peptides protein SDS-PAGE antioxidant capacity mycotoxins heavy metals |
description |
The pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) technique was used to obtain protein extracts with antioxidant capacity from salmon muscle remains, heads, viscera, skin, and tailfins. A protein recovery percentage ≈28% was obtained for all samples except for viscera, which was ≈92%. These values represented an increase of 1.5–4.8-fold compared to stirring extraction (control). Different SDS-PAGE profiles in control and PLE extracts revealed that extraction conditions affected the protein molecular weight distribution of the obtained extracts. Both TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity) and ORAC (oxygen radical antioxidant capacity) assays showed an outstanding antioxidant activity for viscera PLE extract. Through liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization triple time-of-flight (nanoESI qQTOF) mass spectrometry, 137 and 67 peptides were identified in control and PLE extracts from salmon viscera, respectively None of these peptides was found among the antioxidant peptides inputted in the BIOPEP-UMP database. However, bioinformatics analysis showed several antioxidant small peptides encrypted in amino acid sequences of viscera extracts, especially GPP (glycine-proline-proline) and GAA (glycine-alanine-alanine) for PLE extracts. Further research on the relationship between antioxidant activity and specific peptides from salmon viscera PLE extracts is required. In addition, the salmon side streams studied presented non-toxic levels of As, Hg, Cd, and Pb, as well as the absence of mycotoxins or related metabolites. Overall, these results confirm the feasible use of farmed salmon processing side streams as alternative sources of protein and bioactive compounds for human consumption. |
format |
Text |
author |
Beatriz de la Fuente Noelia Pallarés Houda Berrada Francisco J. Barba |
author_facet |
Beatriz de la Fuente Noelia Pallarés Houda Berrada Francisco J. Barba |
author_sort |
Beatriz de la Fuente |
title |
Salmon (Salmo salar) Side Streams as a Bioresource to Obtain Potential Antioxidant Peptides after Applying Pressurized Liquid Extraction (PLE) |
title_short |
Salmon (Salmo salar) Side Streams as a Bioresource to Obtain Potential Antioxidant Peptides after Applying Pressurized Liquid Extraction (PLE) |
title_full |
Salmon (Salmo salar) Side Streams as a Bioresource to Obtain Potential Antioxidant Peptides after Applying Pressurized Liquid Extraction (PLE) |
title_fullStr |
Salmon (Salmo salar) Side Streams as a Bioresource to Obtain Potential Antioxidant Peptides after Applying Pressurized Liquid Extraction (PLE) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Salmon (Salmo salar) Side Streams as a Bioresource to Obtain Potential Antioxidant Peptides after Applying Pressurized Liquid Extraction (PLE) |
title_sort |
salmon (salmo salar) side streams as a bioresource to obtain potential antioxidant peptides after applying pressurized liquid extraction (ple) |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/md19060323 |
op_coverage |
agris |
genre |
Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Salmo salar |
op_source |
Marine Drugs; Volume 19; Issue 6; Pages: 323 |
op_relation |
https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md19060323 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/md19060323 |
container_title |
Marine Drugs |
container_volume |
19 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
323 |
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