Detection of Tetrodotoxin Shellfish Poisoning (TSP) Toxins and Causative Factors in Bivalve Molluscs from the UK
Tetrodotoxins (TTXs) are traditionally associated with the occurrence of tropical Pufferfish Poisoning. In recent years, however, TTXs have been identified in European bivalve mollusc shellfish, resulting in the need to assess prevalence and risk to shellfish consumers. Following the previous identi...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/1660-3397/15/9/277/ 2023-08-20T04:06:04+02:00 Detection of Tetrodotoxin Shellfish Poisoning (TSP) Toxins and Causative Factors in Bivalve Molluscs from the UK Andrew Turner Monika Dhanji-Rapkova Lewis Coates Lesley Bickerstaff Steve Milligan Alison O’Neill Dermot Faulkner Hugh McEneny Craig Baker-Austin David N. Lees Myriam Algoet agris 2017-08-30 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/md15090277 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md15090277 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Marine Drugs; Volume 15; Issue 9; Pages: 277 Tetrodotoxins bivalve molluscs HILIC-MS/MS UK shellfish Tetrodotoxin Shellfish Poisoning (TSP) Text 2017 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/md15090277 2023-07-31T21:12:44Z Tetrodotoxins (TTXs) are traditionally associated with the occurrence of tropical Pufferfish Poisoning. In recent years, however, TTXs have been identified in European bivalve mollusc shellfish, resulting in the need to assess prevalence and risk to shellfish consumers. Following the previous identification of TTXs in shellfish from southern England, this study was designed to assess the wider prevalence of TTXs in shellfish from around the coast of the UK. Samples were collected between 2014 and 2016 and subjected to analysis using HILIC-MS/MS. Results showed the continued presence of toxins in shellfish harvested along the coast of southern England, with the maximum concentration of total TTXs reaching 253 µg/kg. TTX accumulation was detected in Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas), native oysters (Ostrea edulis) common mussels (Mytilus edulis) and hard clams (Mercenaria mercenaria), but not found in cockles (Cerastoderma edule), razors (Ensis species) or scallops (Pecten maximus). Whilst the highest concentrations were quantified in samples harvested during the warmer summer months, TTXs were still evident during the winter. An assessment of the potential causative factors did not reveal any links with the phytoplankton species Prorocentrum cordatum, instead highlighting a greater level of risk in areas of shallow, estuarine waters with temperatures above 15 °C. Text Crassostrea gigas MDPI Open Access Publishing Pacific Marine Drugs 15 9 277 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
Tetrodotoxins bivalve molluscs HILIC-MS/MS UK shellfish Tetrodotoxin Shellfish Poisoning (TSP) |
spellingShingle |
Tetrodotoxins bivalve molluscs HILIC-MS/MS UK shellfish Tetrodotoxin Shellfish Poisoning (TSP) Andrew Turner Monika Dhanji-Rapkova Lewis Coates Lesley Bickerstaff Steve Milligan Alison O’Neill Dermot Faulkner Hugh McEneny Craig Baker-Austin David N. Lees Myriam Algoet Detection of Tetrodotoxin Shellfish Poisoning (TSP) Toxins and Causative Factors in Bivalve Molluscs from the UK |
topic_facet |
Tetrodotoxins bivalve molluscs HILIC-MS/MS UK shellfish Tetrodotoxin Shellfish Poisoning (TSP) |
description |
Tetrodotoxins (TTXs) are traditionally associated with the occurrence of tropical Pufferfish Poisoning. In recent years, however, TTXs have been identified in European bivalve mollusc shellfish, resulting in the need to assess prevalence and risk to shellfish consumers. Following the previous identification of TTXs in shellfish from southern England, this study was designed to assess the wider prevalence of TTXs in shellfish from around the coast of the UK. Samples were collected between 2014 and 2016 and subjected to analysis using HILIC-MS/MS. Results showed the continued presence of toxins in shellfish harvested along the coast of southern England, with the maximum concentration of total TTXs reaching 253 µg/kg. TTX accumulation was detected in Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas), native oysters (Ostrea edulis) common mussels (Mytilus edulis) and hard clams (Mercenaria mercenaria), but not found in cockles (Cerastoderma edule), razors (Ensis species) or scallops (Pecten maximus). Whilst the highest concentrations were quantified in samples harvested during the warmer summer months, TTXs were still evident during the winter. An assessment of the potential causative factors did not reveal any links with the phytoplankton species Prorocentrum cordatum, instead highlighting a greater level of risk in areas of shallow, estuarine waters with temperatures above 15 °C. |
format |
Text |
author |
Andrew Turner Monika Dhanji-Rapkova Lewis Coates Lesley Bickerstaff Steve Milligan Alison O’Neill Dermot Faulkner Hugh McEneny Craig Baker-Austin David N. Lees Myriam Algoet |
author_facet |
Andrew Turner Monika Dhanji-Rapkova Lewis Coates Lesley Bickerstaff Steve Milligan Alison O’Neill Dermot Faulkner Hugh McEneny Craig Baker-Austin David N. Lees Myriam Algoet |
author_sort |
Andrew Turner |
title |
Detection of Tetrodotoxin Shellfish Poisoning (TSP) Toxins and Causative Factors in Bivalve Molluscs from the UK |
title_short |
Detection of Tetrodotoxin Shellfish Poisoning (TSP) Toxins and Causative Factors in Bivalve Molluscs from the UK |
title_full |
Detection of Tetrodotoxin Shellfish Poisoning (TSP) Toxins and Causative Factors in Bivalve Molluscs from the UK |
title_fullStr |
Detection of Tetrodotoxin Shellfish Poisoning (TSP) Toxins and Causative Factors in Bivalve Molluscs from the UK |
title_full_unstemmed |
Detection of Tetrodotoxin Shellfish Poisoning (TSP) Toxins and Causative Factors in Bivalve Molluscs from the UK |
title_sort |
detection of tetrodotoxin shellfish poisoning (tsp) toxins and causative factors in bivalve molluscs from the uk |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/md15090277 |
op_coverage |
agris |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
Crassostrea gigas |
genre_facet |
Crassostrea gigas |
op_source |
Marine Drugs; Volume 15; Issue 9; Pages: 277 |
op_relation |
https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md15090277 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/md15090277 |
container_title |
Marine Drugs |
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15 |
container_issue |
9 |
container_start_page |
277 |
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