Measuring Protons with Photons: A Hand-Held, Spectrophotometric pH Analyzer for Ocean Acidification Research, Community Science and Education
Ocean Acidification (OA) is negatively affecting the physiological processes of marine organisms, altering biogeochemical cycles, and changing chemical equilibria throughout the world’s oceans. It is difficult to measure pH broadly, in large part because accurate pH measurement technology is expensi...
Published in: | Sensors |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
Format: | Text |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2022
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3390/s22207924 |
id |
ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/22/20/7924/ |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/22/20/7924/ 2023-08-20T04:08:57+02:00 Measuring Protons with Photons: A Hand-Held, Spectrophotometric pH Analyzer for Ocean Acidification Research, Community Science and Education William Pardis Kalina C. Grabb Michael D. DeGrandpre Reggie Spaulding James Beck Jonathan A. Pfeifer David M. Long 2022-10-18 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/s22207924 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Remote Sensors https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22207924 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Sensors; Volume 22; Issue 20; Pages: 7924 chemical sensor coastal ocean monitoring science education colorimetric pH measurement meta-cresol purple Text 2022 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/s22207924 2023-08-01T06:55:52Z Ocean Acidification (OA) is negatively affecting the physiological processes of marine organisms, altering biogeochemical cycles, and changing chemical equilibria throughout the world’s oceans. It is difficult to measure pH broadly, in large part because accurate pH measurement technology is expensive, bulky, and requires technical training. Here, we present the development and evaluation of a hand-held, affordable, field-durable, and easy-to-use pH instrument, named the pHyter, which is controlled through a smartphone app. We determine the accuracy of pH measurements using the pHyter by comparison with benchtop spectrophotometric seawater pH measurements, measurement of a certified pH standard, and comparison with a proven in situ instrument, the iSAMI-pH. These results show a pHyter pH measurement accuracy of ±0.046 pH or better, which is on par with interlaboratory seawater pH measurement comparison experiments. We also demonstrate the pHyter’s ability to conduct both temporal and spatial studies of coastal ecosystems by presenting data from a coral reef and a bay, in which the pHyter was used from a kayak. These studies showcase the instrument’s portability, applicability, and potential to be used for community science, STEM education, and outreach, with the goal of empowering people around the world to measure pH in their own backyards. Text Ocean acidification MDPI Open Access Publishing Kayak ENVELOPE(103.217,103.217,71.533,71.533) Sensors 22 20 7924 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
chemical sensor coastal ocean monitoring science education colorimetric pH measurement meta-cresol purple |
spellingShingle |
chemical sensor coastal ocean monitoring science education colorimetric pH measurement meta-cresol purple William Pardis Kalina C. Grabb Michael D. DeGrandpre Reggie Spaulding James Beck Jonathan A. Pfeifer David M. Long Measuring Protons with Photons: A Hand-Held, Spectrophotometric pH Analyzer for Ocean Acidification Research, Community Science and Education |
topic_facet |
chemical sensor coastal ocean monitoring science education colorimetric pH measurement meta-cresol purple |
description |
Ocean Acidification (OA) is negatively affecting the physiological processes of marine organisms, altering biogeochemical cycles, and changing chemical equilibria throughout the world’s oceans. It is difficult to measure pH broadly, in large part because accurate pH measurement technology is expensive, bulky, and requires technical training. Here, we present the development and evaluation of a hand-held, affordable, field-durable, and easy-to-use pH instrument, named the pHyter, which is controlled through a smartphone app. We determine the accuracy of pH measurements using the pHyter by comparison with benchtop spectrophotometric seawater pH measurements, measurement of a certified pH standard, and comparison with a proven in situ instrument, the iSAMI-pH. These results show a pHyter pH measurement accuracy of ±0.046 pH or better, which is on par with interlaboratory seawater pH measurement comparison experiments. We also demonstrate the pHyter’s ability to conduct both temporal and spatial studies of coastal ecosystems by presenting data from a coral reef and a bay, in which the pHyter was used from a kayak. These studies showcase the instrument’s portability, applicability, and potential to be used for community science, STEM education, and outreach, with the goal of empowering people around the world to measure pH in their own backyards. |
format |
Text |
author |
William Pardis Kalina C. Grabb Michael D. DeGrandpre Reggie Spaulding James Beck Jonathan A. Pfeifer David M. Long |
author_facet |
William Pardis Kalina C. Grabb Michael D. DeGrandpre Reggie Spaulding James Beck Jonathan A. Pfeifer David M. Long |
author_sort |
William Pardis |
title |
Measuring Protons with Photons: A Hand-Held, Spectrophotometric pH Analyzer for Ocean Acidification Research, Community Science and Education |
title_short |
Measuring Protons with Photons: A Hand-Held, Spectrophotometric pH Analyzer for Ocean Acidification Research, Community Science and Education |
title_full |
Measuring Protons with Photons: A Hand-Held, Spectrophotometric pH Analyzer for Ocean Acidification Research, Community Science and Education |
title_fullStr |
Measuring Protons with Photons: A Hand-Held, Spectrophotometric pH Analyzer for Ocean Acidification Research, Community Science and Education |
title_full_unstemmed |
Measuring Protons with Photons: A Hand-Held, Spectrophotometric pH Analyzer for Ocean Acidification Research, Community Science and Education |
title_sort |
measuring protons with photons: a hand-held, spectrophotometric ph analyzer for ocean acidification research, community science and education |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/s22207924 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(103.217,103.217,71.533,71.533) |
geographic |
Kayak |
geographic_facet |
Kayak |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_source |
Sensors; Volume 22; Issue 20; Pages: 7924 |
op_relation |
Remote Sensors https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22207924 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/s22207924 |
container_title |
Sensors |
container_volume |
22 |
container_issue |
20 |
container_start_page |
7924 |
_version_ |
1774721559282319360 |