Morphological and Phylogenetic Study of Protococcidians Sheds Light on the Evolution of Epicellular Parasitism in Sporozoa (Apicomplexa), with the Description of Eleutheroschizon planoratum sp. nov
The order Protococcidiida is one of the most poorly studied basal groups of Sporozoa (Apicomplexa sensu stricto). To date, the phylogenetic unity of protococcidians and their relationship with other sporozoans are understudied. Only the protococcidian Eleutheroschizon duboscqi has molecular evidence...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-2818/15/7/863/ 2023-08-20T04:10:19+02:00 Morphological and Phylogenetic Study of Protococcidians Sheds Light on the Evolution of Epicellular Parasitism in Sporozoa (Apicomplexa), with the Description of Eleutheroschizon planoratum sp. nov Gita G. Paskerova Tatiana S. Miroliubova Andrea Valigurová Vladimir V. Aleoshin Timur G. Simdyanov agris 2023-07-17 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/d15070863 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Phylogeny and Evolution https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d15070863 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Diversity; Volume 15; Issue 7; Pages: 863 marine apicomplexans host–parasite interactions Cryptosporidium Eleutheroschizonidae Protococcidiida polychaetes intestinal parasites coccidians Text 2023 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/d15070863 2023-08-01T10:54:09Z The order Protococcidiida is one of the most poorly studied basal groups of Sporozoa (Apicomplexa sensu stricto). To date, the phylogenetic unity of protococcidians and their relationship with other sporozoans are understudied. Only the protococcidian Eleutheroschizon duboscqi has molecular evidence of a sister position to “true” coccidians (Eimeria, Sarcocystis, Toxoplasma). E. duboscqi is characterized by epicellular development in the so-called parasitophorous sac of the host cell origin. The unusual localization of Eleutheroschizon is comparable to that of Cryptosporidium. We describe a new species of the genus, E. planoratum ex Naineris quadricuspida polychaete from the White Sea, using light and electron microscopy. The morphology of attachment apparatus, phylogenetic analyses of concatenated DNA sequences of the nuclear ribosomal operon (SSU rDNA, ITS1, 5.8S rDNA, ITS2, and LSU rDNA), and compensatory base changes in ITS2 secondary structures of both protococcidians confirm the new species. The resulting phylogenies also confirm that Eleutheroschizon is sister to eimeriid coccidians, while Cryptosporidium tends to be grouped with gregarines. We discuss a new type of endoparasitism among sporozoans—the closed epicellular parasitism that evolved convergently in Eleutheroschizon and Cryptosporidium. The diagnosis of the new species and the emended diagnoses of the species E. duboscqi and the genus Eleutheroschizon are presented. Text White Sea MDPI Open Access Publishing White Sea Diversity 15 7 863 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
marine apicomplexans host–parasite interactions Cryptosporidium Eleutheroschizonidae Protococcidiida polychaetes intestinal parasites coccidians |
spellingShingle |
marine apicomplexans host–parasite interactions Cryptosporidium Eleutheroschizonidae Protococcidiida polychaetes intestinal parasites coccidians Gita G. Paskerova Tatiana S. Miroliubova Andrea Valigurová Vladimir V. Aleoshin Timur G. Simdyanov Morphological and Phylogenetic Study of Protococcidians Sheds Light on the Evolution of Epicellular Parasitism in Sporozoa (Apicomplexa), with the Description of Eleutheroschizon planoratum sp. nov |
topic_facet |
marine apicomplexans host–parasite interactions Cryptosporidium Eleutheroschizonidae Protococcidiida polychaetes intestinal parasites coccidians |
description |
The order Protococcidiida is one of the most poorly studied basal groups of Sporozoa (Apicomplexa sensu stricto). To date, the phylogenetic unity of protococcidians and their relationship with other sporozoans are understudied. Only the protococcidian Eleutheroschizon duboscqi has molecular evidence of a sister position to “true” coccidians (Eimeria, Sarcocystis, Toxoplasma). E. duboscqi is characterized by epicellular development in the so-called parasitophorous sac of the host cell origin. The unusual localization of Eleutheroschizon is comparable to that of Cryptosporidium. We describe a new species of the genus, E. planoratum ex Naineris quadricuspida polychaete from the White Sea, using light and electron microscopy. The morphology of attachment apparatus, phylogenetic analyses of concatenated DNA sequences of the nuclear ribosomal operon (SSU rDNA, ITS1, 5.8S rDNA, ITS2, and LSU rDNA), and compensatory base changes in ITS2 secondary structures of both protococcidians confirm the new species. The resulting phylogenies also confirm that Eleutheroschizon is sister to eimeriid coccidians, while Cryptosporidium tends to be grouped with gregarines. We discuss a new type of endoparasitism among sporozoans—the closed epicellular parasitism that evolved convergently in Eleutheroschizon and Cryptosporidium. The diagnosis of the new species and the emended diagnoses of the species E. duboscqi and the genus Eleutheroschizon are presented. |
format |
Text |
author |
Gita G. Paskerova Tatiana S. Miroliubova Andrea Valigurová Vladimir V. Aleoshin Timur G. Simdyanov |
author_facet |
Gita G. Paskerova Tatiana S. Miroliubova Andrea Valigurová Vladimir V. Aleoshin Timur G. Simdyanov |
author_sort |
Gita G. Paskerova |
title |
Morphological and Phylogenetic Study of Protococcidians Sheds Light on the Evolution of Epicellular Parasitism in Sporozoa (Apicomplexa), with the Description of Eleutheroschizon planoratum sp. nov |
title_short |
Morphological and Phylogenetic Study of Protococcidians Sheds Light on the Evolution of Epicellular Parasitism in Sporozoa (Apicomplexa), with the Description of Eleutheroschizon planoratum sp. nov |
title_full |
Morphological and Phylogenetic Study of Protococcidians Sheds Light on the Evolution of Epicellular Parasitism in Sporozoa (Apicomplexa), with the Description of Eleutheroschizon planoratum sp. nov |
title_fullStr |
Morphological and Phylogenetic Study of Protococcidians Sheds Light on the Evolution of Epicellular Parasitism in Sporozoa (Apicomplexa), with the Description of Eleutheroschizon planoratum sp. nov |
title_full_unstemmed |
Morphological and Phylogenetic Study of Protococcidians Sheds Light on the Evolution of Epicellular Parasitism in Sporozoa (Apicomplexa), with the Description of Eleutheroschizon planoratum sp. nov |
title_sort |
morphological and phylogenetic study of protococcidians sheds light on the evolution of epicellular parasitism in sporozoa (apicomplexa), with the description of eleutheroschizon planoratum sp. nov |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/d15070863 |
op_coverage |
agris |
geographic |
White Sea |
geographic_facet |
White Sea |
genre |
White Sea |
genre_facet |
White Sea |
op_source |
Diversity; Volume 15; Issue 7; Pages: 863 |
op_relation |
Phylogeny and Evolution https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d15070863 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/d15070863 |
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Diversity |
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