Composition and Distribution of Plankton Communities in the Atlantic Sector of the Southern Ocean
In recent decades, the waters off the Antarctic Peninsula and surrounding region have undergone a significant transformation due to global climate change affecting the structure and distribution of pelagic fauna. Here, we present the results of our study on the taxonomic composition and quantitative...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-2818/14/11/923/ 2023-08-20T04:01:18+02:00 Composition and Distribution of Plankton Communities in the Atlantic Sector of the Southern Ocean Valentina V. Kasyan Dmitrii G. Bitiutskii Aleksej V. Mishin Oleg A. Zuev Svetlana A. Murzina Philipp V. Sapozhnikov Olga Yu. Kalinina Vitaly L. Syomin Glafira D. Kolbasova Viktor P. Voronin Elena S. Chudinovskikh Alexei M. Orlov agris 2022-10-28 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/d14110923 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Marine Diversity https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14110923 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Diversity; Volume 14; Issue 11; Pages: 923 thermohaline structure phytoplankton macro- and mesozooplankton ichthyoplankton abundance biomass distribution Southern Ocean Text 2022 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/d14110923 2023-08-01T07:05:38Z In recent decades, the waters off the Antarctic Peninsula and surrounding region have undergone a significant transformation due to global climate change affecting the structure and distribution of pelagic fauna. Here, we present the results of our study on the taxonomic composition and quantitative distribution of plankton communities in Bransfield Strait, Antarctic Sound, the Powell Basin of the Weddell Sea, and the waters off the Antarctic Peninsula and South Orkney Islands during the austral summer of 2022. A slight warming of the Transitional Zonal Water with Weddell Sea influence (TWW) and an increase in its distribution area was detected. Among the pelagic communities, three groups were found to be the most abundant: copepods Calanoides acutus, Metridia gerlachei, and Oithona spp., salpa Salpa thompsoni, and Antarctic krill Euphausia superba. Euphausiids were found in cases of low abundance, species diversity, and biomass. In the studied region, an increase in the amount of the salpa S. thompsoni and the euphausiid Thysanoessa macrura and the expansion of their distribution area were observed. Significant structural shifts in phytoplankton communities manifested themselves in changes in the structure of the Antarctic krill forage base. The composition and distribution of pelagic fauna is affected by a combination of environmental abiotic factors, of which water temperature is the main one. The obtained results have allowed us to assume that a further increase in ocean temperature may lead to a reduction in the number and size of the Antarctic krill population and its successive replacement by salps and other euphausiids that are more resistant to temperature fluctuations and water desalination. Text Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill Antarctic Peninsula Bransfield Strait Euphausia superba South Orkney Islands Southern Ocean Thysanoessa macrura Weddell Sea Copepods MDPI Open Access Publishing Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctic Sound ENVELOPE(-56.500,-56.500,-63.500,-63.500) Austral Bransfield Strait Powell Basin ENVELOPE(-49.500,-49.500,-62.250,-62.250) South Orkney Islands ENVELOPE(-45.500,-45.500,-60.583,-60.583) Southern Ocean The Antarctic Weddell Weddell Sea Diversity 14 11 923 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
thermohaline structure phytoplankton macro- and mesozooplankton ichthyoplankton abundance biomass distribution Southern Ocean |
spellingShingle |
thermohaline structure phytoplankton macro- and mesozooplankton ichthyoplankton abundance biomass distribution Southern Ocean Valentina V. Kasyan Dmitrii G. Bitiutskii Aleksej V. Mishin Oleg A. Zuev Svetlana A. Murzina Philipp V. Sapozhnikov Olga Yu. Kalinina Vitaly L. Syomin Glafira D. Kolbasova Viktor P. Voronin Elena S. Chudinovskikh Alexei M. Orlov Composition and Distribution of Plankton Communities in the Atlantic Sector of the Southern Ocean |
topic_facet |
thermohaline structure phytoplankton macro- and mesozooplankton ichthyoplankton abundance biomass distribution Southern Ocean |
description |
In recent decades, the waters off the Antarctic Peninsula and surrounding region have undergone a significant transformation due to global climate change affecting the structure and distribution of pelagic fauna. Here, we present the results of our study on the taxonomic composition and quantitative distribution of plankton communities in Bransfield Strait, Antarctic Sound, the Powell Basin of the Weddell Sea, and the waters off the Antarctic Peninsula and South Orkney Islands during the austral summer of 2022. A slight warming of the Transitional Zonal Water with Weddell Sea influence (TWW) and an increase in its distribution area was detected. Among the pelagic communities, three groups were found to be the most abundant: copepods Calanoides acutus, Metridia gerlachei, and Oithona spp., salpa Salpa thompsoni, and Antarctic krill Euphausia superba. Euphausiids were found in cases of low abundance, species diversity, and biomass. In the studied region, an increase in the amount of the salpa S. thompsoni and the euphausiid Thysanoessa macrura and the expansion of their distribution area were observed. Significant structural shifts in phytoplankton communities manifested themselves in changes in the structure of the Antarctic krill forage base. The composition and distribution of pelagic fauna is affected by a combination of environmental abiotic factors, of which water temperature is the main one. The obtained results have allowed us to assume that a further increase in ocean temperature may lead to a reduction in the number and size of the Antarctic krill population and its successive replacement by salps and other euphausiids that are more resistant to temperature fluctuations and water desalination. |
format |
Text |
author |
Valentina V. Kasyan Dmitrii G. Bitiutskii Aleksej V. Mishin Oleg A. Zuev Svetlana A. Murzina Philipp V. Sapozhnikov Olga Yu. Kalinina Vitaly L. Syomin Glafira D. Kolbasova Viktor P. Voronin Elena S. Chudinovskikh Alexei M. Orlov |
author_facet |
Valentina V. Kasyan Dmitrii G. Bitiutskii Aleksej V. Mishin Oleg A. Zuev Svetlana A. Murzina Philipp V. Sapozhnikov Olga Yu. Kalinina Vitaly L. Syomin Glafira D. Kolbasova Viktor P. Voronin Elena S. Chudinovskikh Alexei M. Orlov |
author_sort |
Valentina V. Kasyan |
title |
Composition and Distribution of Plankton Communities in the Atlantic Sector of the Southern Ocean |
title_short |
Composition and Distribution of Plankton Communities in the Atlantic Sector of the Southern Ocean |
title_full |
Composition and Distribution of Plankton Communities in the Atlantic Sector of the Southern Ocean |
title_fullStr |
Composition and Distribution of Plankton Communities in the Atlantic Sector of the Southern Ocean |
title_full_unstemmed |
Composition and Distribution of Plankton Communities in the Atlantic Sector of the Southern Ocean |
title_sort |
composition and distribution of plankton communities in the atlantic sector of the southern ocean |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/d14110923 |
op_coverage |
agris |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-56.500,-56.500,-63.500,-63.500) ENVELOPE(-49.500,-49.500,-62.250,-62.250) ENVELOPE(-45.500,-45.500,-60.583,-60.583) |
geographic |
Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctic Sound Austral Bransfield Strait Powell Basin South Orkney Islands Southern Ocean The Antarctic Weddell Weddell Sea |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctic Sound Austral Bransfield Strait Powell Basin South Orkney Islands Southern Ocean The Antarctic Weddell Weddell Sea |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill Antarctic Peninsula Bransfield Strait Euphausia superba South Orkney Islands Southern Ocean Thysanoessa macrura Weddell Sea Copepods |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill Antarctic Peninsula Bransfield Strait Euphausia superba South Orkney Islands Southern Ocean Thysanoessa macrura Weddell Sea Copepods |
op_source |
Diversity; Volume 14; Issue 11; Pages: 923 |
op_relation |
Marine Diversity https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14110923 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/d14110923 |
container_title |
Diversity |
container_volume |
14 |
container_issue |
11 |
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923 |
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1774724160321224704 |