Cold Adaptation in Antarctic Notothenioids: Comparative Transcriptomics Reveals Novel Insights in the Peculiar Role of Gills and Highlights Signatures of Cobalamin Deficiency
Far from being devoid of life, Antarctic waters are home to Cryonotothenioidea, which represent one of the fascinating cases of evolutionary adaptation to extreme environmental conditions in vertebrates. Thanks to a series of unique morphological and physiological peculiarities, which include the pa...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/1422-0067/22/4/1812/ 2023-08-20T04:01:35+02:00 Cold Adaptation in Antarctic Notothenioids: Comparative Transcriptomics Reveals Novel Insights in the Peculiar Role of Gills and Highlights Signatures of Cobalamin Deficiency Federico Ansaloni Marco Gerdol Valentina Torboli Nicola Reinaldo Fornaini Samuele Greco Piero Giulio Giulianini Maria Rosaria Coscia Andrea Miccoli Gianfranco Santovito Francesco Buonocore Giuseppe Scapigliati Alberto Pallavicini agris 2021-02-11 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22041812 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Molecular Genetics and Genomics https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22041812 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ International Journal of Molecular Sciences; Volume 22; Issue 4; Pages: 1812 Cryonotothenioidea cold adaptation transcobalamin Antarctica RNA-seq Text 2021 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22041812 2023-08-01T01:03:37Z Far from being devoid of life, Antarctic waters are home to Cryonotothenioidea, which represent one of the fascinating cases of evolutionary adaptation to extreme environmental conditions in vertebrates. Thanks to a series of unique morphological and physiological peculiarities, which include the paradigmatic case of loss of hemoglobin in the family Channichthyidae, these fish survive and thrive at sub-zero temperatures. While some of the distinctive features of such adaptations have been known for decades, our knowledge of their genetic and molecular bases is still limited. We generated a reference de novo assembly of the icefish Chionodraco hamatus transcriptome and used this resource for a large-scale comparative analysis among five red-blooded Cryonotothenioidea, the sub-Antarctic notothenioid Eleginops maclovinus and seven temperate teleost species. Our investigation targeted the gills, a tissue of primary importance for gaseous exchange, osmoregulation, ammonia excretion, and its role in fish immunity. One hundred and twenty genes were identified as significantly up-regulated in Antarctic species and surprisingly shared by red- and white-blooded notothenioids, unveiling several previously unreported molecular players that might have contributed to the evolutionary success of Cryonotothenioidea in Antarctica. In particular, we detected cobalamin deficiency signatures and discussed the possible biological implications of this condition concerning hematological alterations and the heavy parasitic loads typically observed in all Cryonotothenioidea. Text Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Icefish MDPI Open Access Publishing Antarctic International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22 4 1812 |
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Open Polar |
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MDPI Open Access Publishing |
op_collection_id |
ftmdpi |
language |
English |
topic |
Cryonotothenioidea cold adaptation transcobalamin Antarctica RNA-seq |
spellingShingle |
Cryonotothenioidea cold adaptation transcobalamin Antarctica RNA-seq Federico Ansaloni Marco Gerdol Valentina Torboli Nicola Reinaldo Fornaini Samuele Greco Piero Giulio Giulianini Maria Rosaria Coscia Andrea Miccoli Gianfranco Santovito Francesco Buonocore Giuseppe Scapigliati Alberto Pallavicini Cold Adaptation in Antarctic Notothenioids: Comparative Transcriptomics Reveals Novel Insights in the Peculiar Role of Gills and Highlights Signatures of Cobalamin Deficiency |
topic_facet |
Cryonotothenioidea cold adaptation transcobalamin Antarctica RNA-seq |
description |
Far from being devoid of life, Antarctic waters are home to Cryonotothenioidea, which represent one of the fascinating cases of evolutionary adaptation to extreme environmental conditions in vertebrates. Thanks to a series of unique morphological and physiological peculiarities, which include the paradigmatic case of loss of hemoglobin in the family Channichthyidae, these fish survive and thrive at sub-zero temperatures. While some of the distinctive features of such adaptations have been known for decades, our knowledge of their genetic and molecular bases is still limited. We generated a reference de novo assembly of the icefish Chionodraco hamatus transcriptome and used this resource for a large-scale comparative analysis among five red-blooded Cryonotothenioidea, the sub-Antarctic notothenioid Eleginops maclovinus and seven temperate teleost species. Our investigation targeted the gills, a tissue of primary importance for gaseous exchange, osmoregulation, ammonia excretion, and its role in fish immunity. One hundred and twenty genes were identified as significantly up-regulated in Antarctic species and surprisingly shared by red- and white-blooded notothenioids, unveiling several previously unreported molecular players that might have contributed to the evolutionary success of Cryonotothenioidea in Antarctica. In particular, we detected cobalamin deficiency signatures and discussed the possible biological implications of this condition concerning hematological alterations and the heavy parasitic loads typically observed in all Cryonotothenioidea. |
format |
Text |
author |
Federico Ansaloni Marco Gerdol Valentina Torboli Nicola Reinaldo Fornaini Samuele Greco Piero Giulio Giulianini Maria Rosaria Coscia Andrea Miccoli Gianfranco Santovito Francesco Buonocore Giuseppe Scapigliati Alberto Pallavicini |
author_facet |
Federico Ansaloni Marco Gerdol Valentina Torboli Nicola Reinaldo Fornaini Samuele Greco Piero Giulio Giulianini Maria Rosaria Coscia Andrea Miccoli Gianfranco Santovito Francesco Buonocore Giuseppe Scapigliati Alberto Pallavicini |
author_sort |
Federico Ansaloni |
title |
Cold Adaptation in Antarctic Notothenioids: Comparative Transcriptomics Reveals Novel Insights in the Peculiar Role of Gills and Highlights Signatures of Cobalamin Deficiency |
title_short |
Cold Adaptation in Antarctic Notothenioids: Comparative Transcriptomics Reveals Novel Insights in the Peculiar Role of Gills and Highlights Signatures of Cobalamin Deficiency |
title_full |
Cold Adaptation in Antarctic Notothenioids: Comparative Transcriptomics Reveals Novel Insights in the Peculiar Role of Gills and Highlights Signatures of Cobalamin Deficiency |
title_fullStr |
Cold Adaptation in Antarctic Notothenioids: Comparative Transcriptomics Reveals Novel Insights in the Peculiar Role of Gills and Highlights Signatures of Cobalamin Deficiency |
title_full_unstemmed |
Cold Adaptation in Antarctic Notothenioids: Comparative Transcriptomics Reveals Novel Insights in the Peculiar Role of Gills and Highlights Signatures of Cobalamin Deficiency |
title_sort |
cold adaptation in antarctic notothenioids: comparative transcriptomics reveals novel insights in the peculiar role of gills and highlights signatures of cobalamin deficiency |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22041812 |
op_coverage |
agris |
geographic |
Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Icefish |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Icefish |
op_source |
International Journal of Molecular Sciences; Volume 22; Issue 4; Pages: 1812 |
op_relation |
Molecular Genetics and Genomics https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22041812 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22041812 |
container_title |
International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
container_volume |
22 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
1812 |
_version_ |
1774724836867702784 |