Novel Therapies Boosting T Cell Immunity in Epstein Barr Virus-Associated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumour of the head and neck affecting localised regions of the world, with the highest rates described in Southeast Asia, Northern Africa, and Greenland. Its high morbidity rate is linked to both late-stage diagnosis and unresponsiveness to conventional...
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ftmdpi:oai:mdpi.com:/1422-0067/21/12/4292/ 2023-08-20T04:06:56+02:00 Novel Therapies Boosting T Cell Immunity in Epstein Barr Virus-Associated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Sarah Renaud Anthony Lefebvre Serge Mordon Olivier Moralès Nadira Delhem agris 2020-06-16 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21124292 EN eng Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Molecular Immunology https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21124292 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ International Journal of Molecular Sciences; Volume 21; Issue 12; Pages: 4292 therapy T cell immunity EBV nasopharyngeal carcinoma Text 2020 ftmdpi https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21124292 2023-07-31T23:38:52Z Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumour of the head and neck affecting localised regions of the world, with the highest rates described in Southeast Asia, Northern Africa, and Greenland. Its high morbidity rate is linked to both late-stage diagnosis and unresponsiveness to conventional anti-cancer treatments. Multiple aetiological factors have been described including environmental factors, genetics, and viral factors (Epstein Barr Virus, EBV), making NPC treatment that much more complex. The most common forms of NPCs are those that originate from the epithelial tissue lining the nasopharynx and are often linked to EBV infection. Indeed, they represent 75–95% of NPCs in the low-risk populations and almost 100% of NPCs in high-risk populations. Although conventional surgery has been improved with nasopharyngectomy’s being carried out using more sophisticated surgical equipment for better tumour resection, recent findings in the tumour microenvironment have led to novel treatment options including immunotherapies and photodynamic therapy, able to target the tumour and improve the immune system. This review provides an update on the disease’s aetiology and the future of NPC treatments with a focus on therapies activating T cell immunity. Text Greenland MDPI Open Access Publishing Greenland International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21 12 4292 |
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therapy T cell immunity EBV nasopharyngeal carcinoma |
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therapy T cell immunity EBV nasopharyngeal carcinoma Sarah Renaud Anthony Lefebvre Serge Mordon Olivier Moralès Nadira Delhem Novel Therapies Boosting T Cell Immunity in Epstein Barr Virus-Associated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma |
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therapy T cell immunity EBV nasopharyngeal carcinoma |
description |
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumour of the head and neck affecting localised regions of the world, with the highest rates described in Southeast Asia, Northern Africa, and Greenland. Its high morbidity rate is linked to both late-stage diagnosis and unresponsiveness to conventional anti-cancer treatments. Multiple aetiological factors have been described including environmental factors, genetics, and viral factors (Epstein Barr Virus, EBV), making NPC treatment that much more complex. The most common forms of NPCs are those that originate from the epithelial tissue lining the nasopharynx and are often linked to EBV infection. Indeed, they represent 75–95% of NPCs in the low-risk populations and almost 100% of NPCs in high-risk populations. Although conventional surgery has been improved with nasopharyngectomy’s being carried out using more sophisticated surgical equipment for better tumour resection, recent findings in the tumour microenvironment have led to novel treatment options including immunotherapies and photodynamic therapy, able to target the tumour and improve the immune system. This review provides an update on the disease’s aetiology and the future of NPC treatments with a focus on therapies activating T cell immunity. |
format |
Text |
author |
Sarah Renaud Anthony Lefebvre Serge Mordon Olivier Moralès Nadira Delhem |
author_facet |
Sarah Renaud Anthony Lefebvre Serge Mordon Olivier Moralès Nadira Delhem |
author_sort |
Sarah Renaud |
title |
Novel Therapies Boosting T Cell Immunity in Epstein Barr Virus-Associated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma |
title_short |
Novel Therapies Boosting T Cell Immunity in Epstein Barr Virus-Associated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma |
title_full |
Novel Therapies Boosting T Cell Immunity in Epstein Barr Virus-Associated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma |
title_fullStr |
Novel Therapies Boosting T Cell Immunity in Epstein Barr Virus-Associated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma |
title_full_unstemmed |
Novel Therapies Boosting T Cell Immunity in Epstein Barr Virus-Associated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma |
title_sort |
novel therapies boosting t cell immunity in epstein barr virus-associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21124292 |
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agris |
geographic |
Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Greenland |
genre |
Greenland |
genre_facet |
Greenland |
op_source |
International Journal of Molecular Sciences; Volume 21; Issue 12; Pages: 4292 |
op_relation |
Molecular Immunology https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21124292 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21124292 |
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International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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21 |
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12 |
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4292 |
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1774718304801259520 |