First Detection of Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) Toxins in Icelandic Mussels (Mytilus edulis): Links to Causative Phytoplankton Species.
peer-reviewed Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxins were detected in blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) from two harvesting areas, Eyjafjordur on the north coast and Breidafjordur on the west coast of Iceland in 2009. During a bloom of Alexandrium spp. at both locations in June of that year, blue mu...
Published in: | Food Control |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Elsevier
2013
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10793/860 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.10.002 |
id |
ftmarineinst:oai:oar.marine.ie:10793/860 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftmarineinst:oai:oar.marine.ie:10793/860 2023-05-15T16:48:21+02:00 First Detection of Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) Toxins in Icelandic Mussels (Mytilus edulis): Links to Causative Phytoplankton Species. Burrell, Stephen Gunnarsson, Thor Gunnarsson, Karl Clarke, Dave Turner, Andrew D. 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10793/860 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.10.002 en eng Elsevier Food Control;31(2), 295–301 Burrell, S., Gunnarsson, T., Gunnarsson, K., Clarke, D., & Turner, A. D. (2013). First detection of paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxins in Icelandic mussels (Mytilus edulis): Links to causative phytoplankton species. Food Control, 31(2), 295–301. doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.10.002 9567135 doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.10.002 http://hdl.handle.net/10793/860 Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) Alexandrium Iceland Liquid chromatography (LC) Mouse bioassay (MBA) Article 2013 ftmarineinst https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.10.002 2022-07-27T09:39:09Z peer-reviewed Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxins were detected in blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) from two harvesting areas, Eyjafjordur on the north coast and Breidafjordur on the west coast of Iceland in 2009. During a bloom of Alexandrium spp. at both locations in June of that year, blue mussels were found to be contaminated with paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs), leading to extensive closures of these harvesting sites. Phytoplankton data taken during this time showed the presence of large numbers of A. tamarense, with smaller numbers of A. ostenfeldii also being detected. Mussel samples were analysed by mouse bioassay (MBA) and liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (LC-FLD). Toxicity over 10 times the European Union (EU) regulatory limit was observed in samples from Eyjafjordur while levels over 4 times this limit were detected in samples from Breidafjordur. The toxin profile determined by LC-FLD was found to be composed primarily of the carbamate toxins gonyautoxin-2,3 (GTX-2,3). Saxitoxin (STX) was also detected in all samples analysed and was the second most abundant toxin present. Gonyautoxin-1,4 (GTX-1,4) was detected at lower concentrations in half the samples analysed from both locations. Comparison is made between predicted toxin profiles from these algal species and the toxin profiles determined through LC-FLD analysis. These results represent the first identification and PST profile determination in shellfish harvested from Icelandic waters. Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland Marine Institute Open Access Repository Food Control 31 2 295 301 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Marine Institute Open Access Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftmarineinst |
language |
English |
topic |
Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) Alexandrium Iceland Liquid chromatography (LC) Mouse bioassay (MBA) |
spellingShingle |
Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) Alexandrium Iceland Liquid chromatography (LC) Mouse bioassay (MBA) Burrell, Stephen Gunnarsson, Thor Gunnarsson, Karl Clarke, Dave Turner, Andrew D. First Detection of Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) Toxins in Icelandic Mussels (Mytilus edulis): Links to Causative Phytoplankton Species. |
topic_facet |
Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) Alexandrium Iceland Liquid chromatography (LC) Mouse bioassay (MBA) |
description |
peer-reviewed Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxins were detected in blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) from two harvesting areas, Eyjafjordur on the north coast and Breidafjordur on the west coast of Iceland in 2009. During a bloom of Alexandrium spp. at both locations in June of that year, blue mussels were found to be contaminated with paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs), leading to extensive closures of these harvesting sites. Phytoplankton data taken during this time showed the presence of large numbers of A. tamarense, with smaller numbers of A. ostenfeldii also being detected. Mussel samples were analysed by mouse bioassay (MBA) and liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (LC-FLD). Toxicity over 10 times the European Union (EU) regulatory limit was observed in samples from Eyjafjordur while levels over 4 times this limit were detected in samples from Breidafjordur. The toxin profile determined by LC-FLD was found to be composed primarily of the carbamate toxins gonyautoxin-2,3 (GTX-2,3). Saxitoxin (STX) was also detected in all samples analysed and was the second most abundant toxin present. Gonyautoxin-1,4 (GTX-1,4) was detected at lower concentrations in half the samples analysed from both locations. Comparison is made between predicted toxin profiles from these algal species and the toxin profiles determined through LC-FLD analysis. These results represent the first identification and PST profile determination in shellfish harvested from Icelandic waters. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Burrell, Stephen Gunnarsson, Thor Gunnarsson, Karl Clarke, Dave Turner, Andrew D. |
author_facet |
Burrell, Stephen Gunnarsson, Thor Gunnarsson, Karl Clarke, Dave Turner, Andrew D. |
author_sort |
Burrell, Stephen |
title |
First Detection of Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) Toxins in Icelandic Mussels (Mytilus edulis): Links to Causative Phytoplankton Species. |
title_short |
First Detection of Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) Toxins in Icelandic Mussels (Mytilus edulis): Links to Causative Phytoplankton Species. |
title_full |
First Detection of Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) Toxins in Icelandic Mussels (Mytilus edulis): Links to Causative Phytoplankton Species. |
title_fullStr |
First Detection of Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) Toxins in Icelandic Mussels (Mytilus edulis): Links to Causative Phytoplankton Species. |
title_full_unstemmed |
First Detection of Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) Toxins in Icelandic Mussels (Mytilus edulis): Links to Causative Phytoplankton Species. |
title_sort |
first detection of paralytic shellfish poisoning (psp) toxins in icelandic mussels (mytilus edulis): links to causative phytoplankton species. |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10793/860 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.10.002 |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_relation |
Food Control;31(2), 295–301 Burrell, S., Gunnarsson, T., Gunnarsson, K., Clarke, D., & Turner, A. D. (2013). First detection of paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxins in Icelandic mussels (Mytilus edulis): Links to causative phytoplankton species. Food Control, 31(2), 295–301. doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.10.002 9567135 doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.10.002 http://hdl.handle.net/10793/860 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.10.002 |
container_title |
Food Control |
container_volume |
31 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
295 |
op_container_end_page |
301 |
_version_ |
1766038449772560384 |