Significance and timing of the mid-17th-century eruption of Long Island, Papua New Guinea
Tibito Tephra was first recorded in the central highlands of Papua New Guinea (PNG) in 1971. By the late 1970s, the tephra had been mapped across tens of thousands of square kilometres, traced to its source on Long Island in the Bismarck Sea, and linked to pyroclastic density currents in the Matapun...
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ftmacquarieunicr:oai:https://researchers.mq.edu.au:publications/a3800bd8-8287-4c1d-91bb-f64c9012726c 2024-05-12T08:05:12+00:00 Significance and timing of the mid-17th-century eruption of Long Island, Papua New Guinea Blong, Russell Fallon, Stewart Wood, Rachel McKee, Chris Chen, Keping Magill, Christina Barter, Peter 2018-04-01 https://researchers.mq.edu.au/en/publications/a3800bd8-8287-4c1d-91bb-f64c9012726c https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683617735589 http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85042922616&partnerID=8YFLogxK eng eng info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess Blong , R , Fallon , S , Wood , R , McKee , C , Chen , K , Magill , C & Barter , P 2018 , ' Significance and timing of the mid-17th-century eruption of Long Island, Papua New Guinea ' , Holocene , vol. 28 , no. 4 , pp. 529-544 . https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683617735589 eruption implications Long Island oral history Papua New Guinea radiocarbon dating volcanic forcing article 2018 ftmacquarieunicr https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683617735589 2024-04-16T02:57:29Z Tibito Tephra was first recorded in the central highlands of Papua New Guinea (PNG) in 1971. By the late 1970s, the tephra had been mapped across tens of thousands of square kilometres, traced to its source on Long Island in the Bismarck Sea, and linked to pyroclastic density currents in the Matapun Beds on the island. With a tephra fall volume >10 km 3 , this eruption was clearly one of the 10 largest globally in the past 600 years. Although almost certainly in the AD 17th or 18th centuries, determining just when this VEI 6 eruption occurred has proved difficult. Whether this eruption occurred before or after William Dampier sailed past, named, described and drew a profile of Long Island has been debated also. Dating the Long Island eruption has implications for assessing the rate of revegetation of the island, recolonisation of the island and caldera lake, Jared Diamond’s theory of ‘supertramp’ birds, correlations between major eruptions and ice core chronologies, the constant rate of supply model of 210 Pb concentration in lake sediments, reservoir effects in Lake Kutubu in the southern highlands of PNG, the timing of a prehistoric phase of agriculture in the Western Highlands and the longevity of oral histories recording a taim tudak (time of darkness) when sand fell from the sky, houses collapsed, crops were ruined and people died. This paper reviews early dates based on radiocarbon, 210 Pb and paleosecular magnetic variation, historical reports and genealogical dates from oral histories, and speculation based on tree ring and ice core evidence. Analyses of 10 new radiocarbon dates from the Matapun Beds on Long Island are reported. Our best estimate places the eruption between 1651 and 1671 AD with a 95.4% probability and between 1655 and 1665 AD with a 68.2% probability. Article in Journal/Newspaper ice core Macquarie University Research Portal Bismarck ENVELOPE(-64.000,-64.000,-64.833,-64.833) Long Island The Holocene 28 4 529 544 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Macquarie University Research Portal |
op_collection_id |
ftmacquarieunicr |
language |
English |
topic |
eruption implications Long Island oral history Papua New Guinea radiocarbon dating volcanic forcing |
spellingShingle |
eruption implications Long Island oral history Papua New Guinea radiocarbon dating volcanic forcing Blong, Russell Fallon, Stewart Wood, Rachel McKee, Chris Chen, Keping Magill, Christina Barter, Peter Significance and timing of the mid-17th-century eruption of Long Island, Papua New Guinea |
topic_facet |
eruption implications Long Island oral history Papua New Guinea radiocarbon dating volcanic forcing |
description |
Tibito Tephra was first recorded in the central highlands of Papua New Guinea (PNG) in 1971. By the late 1970s, the tephra had been mapped across tens of thousands of square kilometres, traced to its source on Long Island in the Bismarck Sea, and linked to pyroclastic density currents in the Matapun Beds on the island. With a tephra fall volume >10 km 3 , this eruption was clearly one of the 10 largest globally in the past 600 years. Although almost certainly in the AD 17th or 18th centuries, determining just when this VEI 6 eruption occurred has proved difficult. Whether this eruption occurred before or after William Dampier sailed past, named, described and drew a profile of Long Island has been debated also. Dating the Long Island eruption has implications for assessing the rate of revegetation of the island, recolonisation of the island and caldera lake, Jared Diamond’s theory of ‘supertramp’ birds, correlations between major eruptions and ice core chronologies, the constant rate of supply model of 210 Pb concentration in lake sediments, reservoir effects in Lake Kutubu in the southern highlands of PNG, the timing of a prehistoric phase of agriculture in the Western Highlands and the longevity of oral histories recording a taim tudak (time of darkness) when sand fell from the sky, houses collapsed, crops were ruined and people died. This paper reviews early dates based on radiocarbon, 210 Pb and paleosecular magnetic variation, historical reports and genealogical dates from oral histories, and speculation based on tree ring and ice core evidence. Analyses of 10 new radiocarbon dates from the Matapun Beds on Long Island are reported. Our best estimate places the eruption between 1651 and 1671 AD with a 95.4% probability and between 1655 and 1665 AD with a 68.2% probability. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Blong, Russell Fallon, Stewart Wood, Rachel McKee, Chris Chen, Keping Magill, Christina Barter, Peter |
author_facet |
Blong, Russell Fallon, Stewart Wood, Rachel McKee, Chris Chen, Keping Magill, Christina Barter, Peter |
author_sort |
Blong, Russell |
title |
Significance and timing of the mid-17th-century eruption of Long Island, Papua New Guinea |
title_short |
Significance and timing of the mid-17th-century eruption of Long Island, Papua New Guinea |
title_full |
Significance and timing of the mid-17th-century eruption of Long Island, Papua New Guinea |
title_fullStr |
Significance and timing of the mid-17th-century eruption of Long Island, Papua New Guinea |
title_full_unstemmed |
Significance and timing of the mid-17th-century eruption of Long Island, Papua New Guinea |
title_sort |
significance and timing of the mid-17th-century eruption of long island, papua new guinea |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://researchers.mq.edu.au/en/publications/a3800bd8-8287-4c1d-91bb-f64c9012726c https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683617735589 http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85042922616&partnerID=8YFLogxK |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-64.000,-64.000,-64.833,-64.833) |
geographic |
Bismarck Long Island |
geographic_facet |
Bismarck Long Island |
genre |
ice core |
genre_facet |
ice core |
op_source |
Blong , R , Fallon , S , Wood , R , McKee , C , Chen , K , Magill , C & Barter , P 2018 , ' Significance and timing of the mid-17th-century eruption of Long Island, Papua New Guinea ' , Holocene , vol. 28 , no. 4 , pp. 529-544 . https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683617735589 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683617735589 |
container_title |
The Holocene |
container_volume |
28 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
529 |
op_container_end_page |
544 |
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1798847466008739840 |