OsHV-1 countermeasures to the Pacific oyster's anti-viral response
The host-pathogen interactions between the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) and Ostreid herpesvirus type 1 (OsHV-1) are poorly characterised. Herpesviruses are a group of large, DNA viruses that are known to encode gene products that subvert their host's antiviral response. It is likely that...
Published in: | Fish & Shellfish Immunology |
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ftmacquarieunicr:oai:https://researchers.mq.edu.au:publications/0fef528b-413a-4e95-aa5f-0ab1c9a47a9c 2024-09-09T19:37:32+00:00 OsHV-1 countermeasures to the Pacific oyster's anti-viral response Green, Timothy J. Rolland, Jean Luc Vergnes, Agnes Raftos, David Montagnani, Caroline 2015-11 https://researchers.mq.edu.au/en/publications/0fef528b-413a-4e95-aa5f-0ab1c9a47a9c https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2015.09.025 http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84942572635&partnerID=8YFLogxK eng eng info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess Green , T J , Rolland , J L , Vergnes , A , Raftos , D & Montagnani , C 2015 , ' OsHV-1 countermeasures to the Pacific oyster's anti-viral response ' , Fish and Shellfish Immunology , vol. 47 , no. 1 , pp. 435-443 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2015.09.025 Crassostrea Anti-viral response Apoptosis Interferon-like Poly I:C article 2015 ftmacquarieunicr https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2015.09.025 2024-06-19T23:46:55Z The host-pathogen interactions between the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) and Ostreid herpesvirus type 1 (OsHV-1) are poorly characterised. Herpesviruses are a group of large, DNA viruses that are known to encode gene products that subvert their host's antiviral response. It is likely that OsHV-1 has also evolved similar strategies as its genome encodes genes with high homology to C. gigas inhibitors of apoptosis (IAPs) and an interferon-stimulated gene (termed CH25H). The first objective of this study was to simultaneously investigate the expression of C. gigas and OsHV-1 genes that share high sequence homology during an acute infection. Comparison of apoptosis-related genes revealed that components of the extrinsic apoptosis pathway (TNF) were induced in response to OsHV-1 infection, but we failed to observe evidence of apoptosis using a combination of biochemical and molecular assays. IAPs encoded by OsHV-1 were highly expressed during the acute stage of infection and may explain why we didn't observe evidence of apoptosis. However, C. gigas must have an alternative mechanism to apoptosis for clearing OsHV-1 from infected gill cells as we observed a reduction in viral DNA between 27 and 54 h post-infection. The reduction of viral DNA in C. gigas gill cells occurred after the up-regulation of interferon-stimulated genes (viperin, PKR, ADAR). In a second objective, we manipulated the host's anti-viral response by injecting C. gigas with a small dose of poly I:C at the time of OsHV-1 infection. This small dose of poly I:C was unable to induce transcription of known antiviral effectors (ISGs), but these oysters were still capable of inhibiting OsHV-1 replication. This result suggests dsRNA induces an anti-viral response that is additional to the IFN-like pathway. Article in Journal/Newspaper Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster Macquarie University Research Portal Pacific Fish & Shellfish Immunology 47 1 435 443 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Macquarie University Research Portal |
op_collection_id |
ftmacquarieunicr |
language |
English |
topic |
Crassostrea Anti-viral response Apoptosis Interferon-like Poly I:C |
spellingShingle |
Crassostrea Anti-viral response Apoptosis Interferon-like Poly I:C Green, Timothy J. Rolland, Jean Luc Vergnes, Agnes Raftos, David Montagnani, Caroline OsHV-1 countermeasures to the Pacific oyster's anti-viral response |
topic_facet |
Crassostrea Anti-viral response Apoptosis Interferon-like Poly I:C |
description |
The host-pathogen interactions between the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) and Ostreid herpesvirus type 1 (OsHV-1) are poorly characterised. Herpesviruses are a group of large, DNA viruses that are known to encode gene products that subvert their host's antiviral response. It is likely that OsHV-1 has also evolved similar strategies as its genome encodes genes with high homology to C. gigas inhibitors of apoptosis (IAPs) and an interferon-stimulated gene (termed CH25H). The first objective of this study was to simultaneously investigate the expression of C. gigas and OsHV-1 genes that share high sequence homology during an acute infection. Comparison of apoptosis-related genes revealed that components of the extrinsic apoptosis pathway (TNF) were induced in response to OsHV-1 infection, but we failed to observe evidence of apoptosis using a combination of biochemical and molecular assays. IAPs encoded by OsHV-1 were highly expressed during the acute stage of infection and may explain why we didn't observe evidence of apoptosis. However, C. gigas must have an alternative mechanism to apoptosis for clearing OsHV-1 from infected gill cells as we observed a reduction in viral DNA between 27 and 54 h post-infection. The reduction of viral DNA in C. gigas gill cells occurred after the up-regulation of interferon-stimulated genes (viperin, PKR, ADAR). In a second objective, we manipulated the host's anti-viral response by injecting C. gigas with a small dose of poly I:C at the time of OsHV-1 infection. This small dose of poly I:C was unable to induce transcription of known antiviral effectors (ISGs), but these oysters were still capable of inhibiting OsHV-1 replication. This result suggests dsRNA induces an anti-viral response that is additional to the IFN-like pathway. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Green, Timothy J. Rolland, Jean Luc Vergnes, Agnes Raftos, David Montagnani, Caroline |
author_facet |
Green, Timothy J. Rolland, Jean Luc Vergnes, Agnes Raftos, David Montagnani, Caroline |
author_sort |
Green, Timothy J. |
title |
OsHV-1 countermeasures to the Pacific oyster's anti-viral response |
title_short |
OsHV-1 countermeasures to the Pacific oyster's anti-viral response |
title_full |
OsHV-1 countermeasures to the Pacific oyster's anti-viral response |
title_fullStr |
OsHV-1 countermeasures to the Pacific oyster's anti-viral response |
title_full_unstemmed |
OsHV-1 countermeasures to the Pacific oyster's anti-viral response |
title_sort |
oshv-1 countermeasures to the pacific oyster's anti-viral response |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://researchers.mq.edu.au/en/publications/0fef528b-413a-4e95-aa5f-0ab1c9a47a9c https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2015.09.025 http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84942572635&partnerID=8YFLogxK |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster |
genre_facet |
Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster |
op_source |
Green , T J , Rolland , J L , Vergnes , A , Raftos , D & Montagnani , C 2015 , ' OsHV-1 countermeasures to the Pacific oyster's anti-viral response ' , Fish and Shellfish Immunology , vol. 47 , no. 1 , pp. 435-443 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2015.09.025 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2015.09.025 |
container_title |
Fish & Shellfish Immunology |
container_volume |
47 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
435 |
op_container_end_page |
443 |
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1809906682350796800 |