An Operational View on Foaming and Slopping Control in Top-blown BOS Vessels
Slag formation plays a decisive role in all steelmaking processes. In top-blowing Basic Oxygen Steelmaking (BOS) i.e., in the LD process, an emulsion consisting of liquid slag, dispersed metal droplets, undissolved particles and solid precipitates will, together with process gases, form an expanding...
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Luleå tekniska universitet, Mineralteknik och metallurgi
2015
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ftluleatu:oai:DiVA.org:ltu-17360 2023-12-17T10:33:14+01:00 An Operational View on Foaming and Slopping Control in Top-blown BOS Vessels Skumning och utkokskontroll i LD-konverter - en betraktelse ur ett driftsperspektiv Brämming, Mats 2015 application/pdf http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-17360 eng eng Luleå tekniska universitet, Mineralteknik och metallurgi Doctoral thesis / Luleå University of Technology 1 jan 1997 → …, 1402-1544 http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-17360 urn:isbn:978-91-7583-497-9 urn:isbn:978-91-7583-498-6 Local 30a35c76-4706-4bf5-bf80-92f46285aa67 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Metallurgy and Metallic Materials Metallurgi och metalliska material Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis text 2015 ftluleatu 2023-11-23T17:10:44Z Slag formation plays a decisive role in all steelmaking processes. In top-blowing Basic Oxygen Steelmaking (BOS) i.e., in the LD process, an emulsion consisting of liquid slag, dispersed metal droplets, undissolved particles and solid precipitates will, together with process gases, form an expanding foam. Extensive research has defined the parameters that govern the foaming characteristics of BOS slag-metal emulsions. It is a well-known fact that certain process conditions in the Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) will lead to excessive foam growth, forcing foam out through the vessel opening (mouth). This process event is commonly known as slopping. Slopping results in loss of valuable metal, equipment damage, lost production time, unsafe work environment and pollution. A literature survey covering the slopping phenomena has been carried out, as well as a deeper investigation into the causes behind slopping on the BOF type LD/LBE at SSAB Europe, Luleå, equipped with an automatic system for slopping registration using image analysis Good slag formation and foam-growth control in order to avoid slopping is primarily accomplished by taking preventive “static” measures. The most common pre-blowing operational conditions favouring foam growth and, hence, slopping were found to be linked to oxygen lance positioning, hot metal Si and Mn contents, scrap quality and large additions of iron oxide bearing materials. Improved slopping control may be achieved by developing oxygen lance control schemes with automatic adjustment of the distance between the lance tip and the metal bath (i.e., the lance gap) according to scrap quality and ore additions. If “static” measures cannot be effectuated, a set of in-blow slopping preventive measures is needed. For such “dynamic” measures to be effective, it is necessary to have a system for slopping prediction. Trials with vessel vibration measurements for indirect foam height estimation in industrial scale BOFs, type LD/LBE, have been carried out. FFT spectrum analysis was applied in order to ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Luleå Luleå Luleå Luleå University of Technology Publications (DiVA) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Luleå University of Technology Publications (DiVA) |
op_collection_id |
ftluleatu |
language |
English |
topic |
Metallurgy and Metallic Materials Metallurgi och metalliska material |
spellingShingle |
Metallurgy and Metallic Materials Metallurgi och metalliska material Brämming, Mats An Operational View on Foaming and Slopping Control in Top-blown BOS Vessels |
topic_facet |
Metallurgy and Metallic Materials Metallurgi och metalliska material |
description |
Slag formation plays a decisive role in all steelmaking processes. In top-blowing Basic Oxygen Steelmaking (BOS) i.e., in the LD process, an emulsion consisting of liquid slag, dispersed metal droplets, undissolved particles and solid precipitates will, together with process gases, form an expanding foam. Extensive research has defined the parameters that govern the foaming characteristics of BOS slag-metal emulsions. It is a well-known fact that certain process conditions in the Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) will lead to excessive foam growth, forcing foam out through the vessel opening (mouth). This process event is commonly known as slopping. Slopping results in loss of valuable metal, equipment damage, lost production time, unsafe work environment and pollution. A literature survey covering the slopping phenomena has been carried out, as well as a deeper investigation into the causes behind slopping on the BOF type LD/LBE at SSAB Europe, Luleå, equipped with an automatic system for slopping registration using image analysis Good slag formation and foam-growth control in order to avoid slopping is primarily accomplished by taking preventive “static” measures. The most common pre-blowing operational conditions favouring foam growth and, hence, slopping were found to be linked to oxygen lance positioning, hot metal Si and Mn contents, scrap quality and large additions of iron oxide bearing materials. Improved slopping control may be achieved by developing oxygen lance control schemes with automatic adjustment of the distance between the lance tip and the metal bath (i.e., the lance gap) according to scrap quality and ore additions. If “static” measures cannot be effectuated, a set of in-blow slopping preventive measures is needed. For such “dynamic” measures to be effective, it is necessary to have a system for slopping prediction. Trials with vessel vibration measurements for indirect foam height estimation in industrial scale BOFs, type LD/LBE, have been carried out. FFT spectrum analysis was applied in order to ... |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Brämming, Mats |
author_facet |
Brämming, Mats |
author_sort |
Brämming, Mats |
title |
An Operational View on Foaming and Slopping Control in Top-blown BOS Vessels |
title_short |
An Operational View on Foaming and Slopping Control in Top-blown BOS Vessels |
title_full |
An Operational View on Foaming and Slopping Control in Top-blown BOS Vessels |
title_fullStr |
An Operational View on Foaming and Slopping Control in Top-blown BOS Vessels |
title_full_unstemmed |
An Operational View on Foaming and Slopping Control in Top-blown BOS Vessels |
title_sort |
operational view on foaming and slopping control in top-blown bos vessels |
publisher |
Luleå tekniska universitet, Mineralteknik och metallurgi |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-17360 |
genre |
Luleå Luleå Luleå |
genre_facet |
Luleå Luleå Luleå |
op_relation |
Doctoral thesis / Luleå University of Technology 1 jan 1997 → …, 1402-1544 http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-17360 urn:isbn:978-91-7583-497-9 urn:isbn:978-91-7583-498-6 Local 30a35c76-4706-4bf5-bf80-92f46285aa67 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
_version_ |
1785587156034519040 |