Progressive Cenozoic cooling and the demise of Antarctica's last refugium
The Antarctic Peninsula is considered to be the last region of Antarctica to have been fully glaciated as a result of Cenozoic climatic cooling. As such, it was likely the last refugium for plants and animals that had inhabited the continent since it separated from the Gondwana supercontinent. Drill...
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ftlouisianastuir:oai:digitalcommons.lsu.edu:geo_pubs-2062 2023-06-11T04:06:36+02:00 Progressive Cenozoic cooling and the demise of Antarctica's last refugium Anderson, John B. Warny, Sophie Askin, Rosemary A. Wellner, Julia S. Bohaty, Steven M. Kirshner, Alexandra E. Livsey, Daniel N. Simms, Alexander R. Smith, Tyler R. Ehrmann, Werner Lawver, Lawrence A. Barbeau, David Wise, Sherwood W. Kulhenek, Denise K. Weaver, Fred M. Majewski, Wojciech 2011-07-12T07:00:00Z application/pdf https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/geo_pubs/1063 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1014885108 https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/context/geo_pubs/article/2062/viewcontent/1063.pdf unknown LSU Digital Commons https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/geo_pubs/1063 doi:10.1073/pnas.1014885108 https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/context/geo_pubs/article/2062/viewcontent/1063.pdf Faculty Publications Climate change Cryosphere Paleoclimate Plant evolution Polar biota text 2011 ftlouisianastuir https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1014885108 2023-05-28T18:24:17Z The Antarctic Peninsula is considered to be the last region of Antarctica to have been fully glaciated as a result of Cenozoic climatic cooling. As such, it was likely the last refugium for plants and animals that had inhabited the continent since it separated from the Gondwana supercontinent. Drill cores and seismic data acquired during two cruises (SHALDRIL I and II) in the northernmost Peninsula region yield a record that, when combined with existing data, indicates progressive cooling and associated changes in terrestrial vegetation over the course of the past 37 million years. Mountain glaciation began in the latest Eocene (approximately 37-34 Ma), contemporaneous with glaciation elsewhere on the continent and a reduction in atmospheric CO2 concentrations. This climate cooling was accompanied by a decrease in diversity of the angiosperm-dominated vegetation that inhabited the northern peninsula during the Eocene. A mosaic of southern beech and conifer- dominated woodlands and tundra continued to occupy the region during the Oligocene (approximately 34-23 Ma). By the middle Miocene (approximately 16-11.6 Ma), localized pockets of limited tundra still existed at least until 12.8 Ma. The transition from temperate, alpine glaciation to a dynamic, polythermal ice sheet took place during the middle Miocene. The northernmost Peninsula was overridden by an ice sheet in the early Pliocene (approximately 5.3-3.6 Ma). The long cooling history of the peninsula is consistent with the extended timescales of tectonic evolution of the Antarctic margin, involving the opening of ocean passageways and associated establishment of circumpolar circulation. Text Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica Ice Sheet Tundra LSU Digital Commons (Louisiana State University) Antarctic The Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 108 28 11356 11360 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
LSU Digital Commons (Louisiana State University) |
op_collection_id |
ftlouisianastuir |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Climate change Cryosphere Paleoclimate Plant evolution Polar biota |
spellingShingle |
Climate change Cryosphere Paleoclimate Plant evolution Polar biota Anderson, John B. Warny, Sophie Askin, Rosemary A. Wellner, Julia S. Bohaty, Steven M. Kirshner, Alexandra E. Livsey, Daniel N. Simms, Alexander R. Smith, Tyler R. Ehrmann, Werner Lawver, Lawrence A. Barbeau, David Wise, Sherwood W. Kulhenek, Denise K. Weaver, Fred M. Majewski, Wojciech Progressive Cenozoic cooling and the demise of Antarctica's last refugium |
topic_facet |
Climate change Cryosphere Paleoclimate Plant evolution Polar biota |
description |
The Antarctic Peninsula is considered to be the last region of Antarctica to have been fully glaciated as a result of Cenozoic climatic cooling. As such, it was likely the last refugium for plants and animals that had inhabited the continent since it separated from the Gondwana supercontinent. Drill cores and seismic data acquired during two cruises (SHALDRIL I and II) in the northernmost Peninsula region yield a record that, when combined with existing data, indicates progressive cooling and associated changes in terrestrial vegetation over the course of the past 37 million years. Mountain glaciation began in the latest Eocene (approximately 37-34 Ma), contemporaneous with glaciation elsewhere on the continent and a reduction in atmospheric CO2 concentrations. This climate cooling was accompanied by a decrease in diversity of the angiosperm-dominated vegetation that inhabited the northern peninsula during the Eocene. A mosaic of southern beech and conifer- dominated woodlands and tundra continued to occupy the region during the Oligocene (approximately 34-23 Ma). By the middle Miocene (approximately 16-11.6 Ma), localized pockets of limited tundra still existed at least until 12.8 Ma. The transition from temperate, alpine glaciation to a dynamic, polythermal ice sheet took place during the middle Miocene. The northernmost Peninsula was overridden by an ice sheet in the early Pliocene (approximately 5.3-3.6 Ma). The long cooling history of the peninsula is consistent with the extended timescales of tectonic evolution of the Antarctic margin, involving the opening of ocean passageways and associated establishment of circumpolar circulation. |
format |
Text |
author |
Anderson, John B. Warny, Sophie Askin, Rosemary A. Wellner, Julia S. Bohaty, Steven M. Kirshner, Alexandra E. Livsey, Daniel N. Simms, Alexander R. Smith, Tyler R. Ehrmann, Werner Lawver, Lawrence A. Barbeau, David Wise, Sherwood W. Kulhenek, Denise K. Weaver, Fred M. Majewski, Wojciech |
author_facet |
Anderson, John B. Warny, Sophie Askin, Rosemary A. Wellner, Julia S. Bohaty, Steven M. Kirshner, Alexandra E. Livsey, Daniel N. Simms, Alexander R. Smith, Tyler R. Ehrmann, Werner Lawver, Lawrence A. Barbeau, David Wise, Sherwood W. Kulhenek, Denise K. Weaver, Fred M. Majewski, Wojciech |
author_sort |
Anderson, John B. |
title |
Progressive Cenozoic cooling and the demise of Antarctica's last refugium |
title_short |
Progressive Cenozoic cooling and the demise of Antarctica's last refugium |
title_full |
Progressive Cenozoic cooling and the demise of Antarctica's last refugium |
title_fullStr |
Progressive Cenozoic cooling and the demise of Antarctica's last refugium |
title_full_unstemmed |
Progressive Cenozoic cooling and the demise of Antarctica's last refugium |
title_sort |
progressive cenozoic cooling and the demise of antarctica's last refugium |
publisher |
LSU Digital Commons |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/geo_pubs/1063 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1014885108 https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/context/geo_pubs/article/2062/viewcontent/1063.pdf |
geographic |
Antarctic The Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic The Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica Ice Sheet Tundra |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica Ice Sheet Tundra |
op_source |
Faculty Publications |
op_relation |
https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/geo_pubs/1063 doi:10.1073/pnas.1014885108 https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/context/geo_pubs/article/2062/viewcontent/1063.pdf |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1014885108 |
container_title |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
container_volume |
108 |
container_issue |
28 |
container_start_page |
11356 |
op_container_end_page |
11360 |
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1768378631104495616 |