The Use of Molecular Genetic Diagnostic Tests to Improve MDR TB Treatment Outcomes in Arkhangelsk Region

• Main Authors: Eliseev, P. I., Detjen, А., Dacombe, Russell, Phillips, P., Squire, Bertie, Мaryandyshev, А. O.
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Russian Society of Phthisiologists 2021
• Subjects: WF 200 Tuberculosis (General); WF 220 Diagnosis. Prognosis; Arkhangelsk
• Online Access: https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/19507/; https://www.tibl-journal.com/jour/article/view/1559; https://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/19507/1/1559-2099-1-PB.pdf

The use of molecular genetic tests as a part of tuberculosis patients examination made it possible to reduce the time for TB diagnosis and determination of drug resistance (DR) of M. tuberculosis (MTB) in Arkhangelsk Region. Early detection of multiple drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) made it possible to prescribe the adequate chemotherapy regimen promptly and thus to improve treatment outcomes. The objective of the study: to evaluate the results of treatment of MDR TB patients in whom MDR TB was diagnosed by molecular genetic tests. It was assumed that the introduction of molecular genetic tests would result in improved treatment outcomes in MDR TB patients [(the research project of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases and Tuberculosis Control Program of Arkhangelsk Region of the PROVE-IT LPA (Policy Relevant Outcomes from Validating Evidence on Impact of Line Probe Assays)]. Subjects: 295 MDR TB patients detected in Arkhangelsk Region were enrolled in the study. MDR TB was detected by molecular genetic tests in the main group (132 patients) and by culture in the control group (163 patients). Patients from both groups received the standard chemotherapy regimen. Chemotherapy outcomes were compared in both groups. Results. Treatment outcomes were better in the group (MGT group) where molecular genetic tests were used for drug susceptibility testing (p = 0.003) versus the comparison group where the culture was used. Effective treatment was documented more frequently (65.2%) in the MGT group versus the comparison group (44.8%). All-cause mortality was lower in the MGT group (7.6%) than in the comparison group (15.9%). There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in the time when sputum conversion (by smear and culture) was achieved. Key words: tuberculosis, multiple drug resistant M. tuberculosis, molecular genetic diagnostic tests