Biobutanolio panaudojimas biodyzelino gamyboje

• Main Author: Stončius, Saulius
• Other Authors: Sedžikienė, Eglė
• Format: Master Thesis
• Language: Lithuanian; English
• Published: Institutional Repository of Aleksandras Stulginskis University 2012
• Subjects: Biobutanol; transesterification; butyl esters; Lipozyme TL IM; Arctic
• Online Access: http://asu.oai.elaba.lt/documents/1845705.pdf; http://asu.lvb.lt/ASU:ELABAETD1845705&prefLang=en_US

Aim of the work – to analyze the process of rapeseed oil transesterification by using biobutanol, to evaluate the characteristics of the derived biodiesel and its impact on the environment. Object of research – butyl esters of rapeseed oil received after the transesterification of rapeseed oil using biobutanol. Research methods – transesterification of rapeseed oil using biobutanol has been performed by applying biotechnological method, using biocatalyst Lipozyme TL IM. The level of transesterification and quantity of butyl esters and partial glycerides has been determined by methods of thin-layer and gas chromatography. The characteristics of the derived biodiesel have been evaluated according to the methodology provided by standard LST EN 14214. The analysis of engine exploitation and environmental characteristics have been performed at VGT university on the diesel engine of 1992 “Audi-80”. For the analysis of exhaust gases of engine the gas analyzer AVL DiCom 4000 has been used. Degradation of biological fuel has been performed according to OECD 301 F “Manometric respirometry” using AL 606 device. Results of research. Optimal conditions of 2-stage rapeseed oil transesterification process using butanol. Were determined the produced butyl esters of rapeseed oil meet the requirements of LST EN 14214 standards. Antioxidant JONOL BF 200 increases the oxidative stability of pure butyl esters. In summer or during transition period pure butyl esters and their mixtures with winter diesel and butanol are suitable to be used without special additives. While mixing rapeseed oil butyl esters with winter diesel and butanol in molar ratio 12:68:20, ternary mixtures, which could filter plugging point meets the requirements for arctic climate zone 2 class diesel fuel. The evaluation of exhaust emissions has been performed using diesel engine. It was found that fuel consumption increase by 5 % when mixtures of fossil diesel fuel with rapeseed butyl esters are used in comparison with pure diesel fuel is used. When biodiesel fuel concentration if fuel mixture increased to 30 %, decrease of smokiness by 18 % was observed, concentrations of other harmful components in exhaust gases were nearly the same as in the case when pure fossil diesel fuel was used. After the analysis of biodegradability it was determined that after 28 days 86 % of RBE decompose, 70-75 % RBE with diesel and 35 % of diesel.