Unraveling the mechanisms and implications of a stronger mid-Pliocene Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) in PlioMIP2
The mid-Pliocene warm period (3.264-3.025 Ma) is the most recent geological period in which the atmospheric CO2 concentration was approximately equal to the concentration we measure today (ca. 400 ppm). Sea surface temperature (SST) proxies indicate above-average warming over the North Atlantic in t...
Published in: | Climate of the Past |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Language: | English |
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Linköpings universitet, Nationellt superdatorcentrum (NSC)
2023
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Online Access: | http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-191365 https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-61-2023 |
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Climate Research Klimatforskning Weiffenbach, Julia E. Baatsen, Michiel L. J. Dijkstra, Henk A. von der Heydt, Anna S. Abe-Ouchi, Ayako Brady, Esther C. Chan, Wing-Le Chandan, Deepak Chandler, Mark A. Contoux, Camille Feng, Ran Guo, Chuncheng Han, Zixuan Haywood, Alan M. Li, Qiang Li, Xiangyu Lohmann, Gerrit Lunt, Daniel J. Nisancioglu, Kerim H. Otto-Bliesner, Bette L. Peltier, W. Richard Ramstein, Gilles Sohl, Linda E. Stepanek, Christian Tan, Ning Tindall, Julia C. Williams, Charles J. R. Zhang, Qiong Zhang, Zhongshi Unraveling the mechanisms and implications of a stronger mid-Pliocene Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) in PlioMIP2 |
topic_facet |
Climate Research Klimatforskning |
description |
The mid-Pliocene warm period (3.264-3.025 Ma) is the most recent geological period in which the atmospheric CO2 concentration was approximately equal to the concentration we measure today (ca. 400 ppm). Sea surface temperature (SST) proxies indicate above-average warming over the North Atlantic in the mid-Pliocene with respect to the pre-industrial period, which may be linked to an intensified Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). Earlier results from the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2 (PlioMIP2) show that the ensemble simulates a stronger AMOC in the mid-Pliocene than in the pre-industrial. However, no consistent relationship between the stronger mid-Pliocene AMOC and either the Atlantic northward ocean heat transport (OHT) or average North Atlantic SSTs has been found. In this study, we look further into the drivers and consequences of a stronger AMOC in mid-Pliocene compared to pre-industrial simulations in PlioMIP2. We find that all model simulations with a closed Bering Strait and Canadian Archipelago show reduced freshwater transport from the Arctic Ocean into the North Atlantic. This contributes to an increase in salinity in the subpolar North Atlantic and Labrador Sea that can be linked to the stronger AMOC in the mid-Pliocene. To investigate the dynamics behind the ensembles variable response of the total Atlantic OHT to the stronger AMOC, we separate the Atlantic OHT into two components associated with either the overturning circulation or the wind-driven gyre circulation. While the ensemble mean of the overturning component is increased significantly in magnitude in the mid-Pliocene, it is partly compensated by a reduction in the gyre component in the northern subtropical gyre region. This indicates that the lack of relationship between the total OHT and AMOC is due to changes in OHT by the subtropical gyre. The overturning and gyre components should therefore be considered separately to gain a more complete understanding of the OHT response to a stronger mid-Pliocene ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Weiffenbach, Julia E. Baatsen, Michiel L. J. Dijkstra, Henk A. von der Heydt, Anna S. Abe-Ouchi, Ayako Brady, Esther C. Chan, Wing-Le Chandan, Deepak Chandler, Mark A. Contoux, Camille Feng, Ran Guo, Chuncheng Han, Zixuan Haywood, Alan M. Li, Qiang Li, Xiangyu Lohmann, Gerrit Lunt, Daniel J. Nisancioglu, Kerim H. Otto-Bliesner, Bette L. Peltier, W. Richard Ramstein, Gilles Sohl, Linda E. Stepanek, Christian Tan, Ning Tindall, Julia C. Williams, Charles J. R. Zhang, Qiong Zhang, Zhongshi |
author_facet |
Weiffenbach, Julia E. Baatsen, Michiel L. J. Dijkstra, Henk A. von der Heydt, Anna S. Abe-Ouchi, Ayako Brady, Esther C. Chan, Wing-Le Chandan, Deepak Chandler, Mark A. Contoux, Camille Feng, Ran Guo, Chuncheng Han, Zixuan Haywood, Alan M. Li, Qiang Li, Xiangyu Lohmann, Gerrit Lunt, Daniel J. Nisancioglu, Kerim H. Otto-Bliesner, Bette L. Peltier, W. Richard Ramstein, Gilles Sohl, Linda E. Stepanek, Christian Tan, Ning Tindall, Julia C. Williams, Charles J. R. Zhang, Qiong Zhang, Zhongshi |
author_sort |
Weiffenbach, Julia E. |
title |
Unraveling the mechanisms and implications of a stronger mid-Pliocene Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) in PlioMIP2 |
title_short |
Unraveling the mechanisms and implications of a stronger mid-Pliocene Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) in PlioMIP2 |
title_full |
Unraveling the mechanisms and implications of a stronger mid-Pliocene Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) in PlioMIP2 |
title_fullStr |
Unraveling the mechanisms and implications of a stronger mid-Pliocene Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) in PlioMIP2 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Unraveling the mechanisms and implications of a stronger mid-Pliocene Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) in PlioMIP2 |
title_sort |
unraveling the mechanisms and implications of a stronger mid-pliocene atlantic meridional overturning circulation (amoc) in pliomip2 |
publisher |
Linköpings universitet, Nationellt superdatorcentrum (NSC) |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-191365 https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-61-2023 |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Bering Strait |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Bering Strait |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Bering Strait Canadian Archipelago Labrador Sea North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Bering Strait Canadian Archipelago Labrador Sea North Atlantic |
op_relation |
Climate of the Past, 1814-9324, 2023, 19:1, s. 61-85 http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-191365 doi:10.5194/cp-19-61-2023 ISI:000911191300001 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-61-2023 |
container_title |
Climate of the Past |
container_volume |
19 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
61 |
op_container_end_page |
85 |
_version_ |
1766344747785388032 |
spelling |
ftlinkoepinguniv:oai:DiVA.org:liu-191365 2023-05-15T15:14:17+02:00 Unraveling the mechanisms and implications of a stronger mid-Pliocene Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) in PlioMIP2 Weiffenbach, Julia E. Baatsen, Michiel L. J. Dijkstra, Henk A. von der Heydt, Anna S. Abe-Ouchi, Ayako Brady, Esther C. Chan, Wing-Le Chandan, Deepak Chandler, Mark A. Contoux, Camille Feng, Ran Guo, Chuncheng Han, Zixuan Haywood, Alan M. Li, Qiang Li, Xiangyu Lohmann, Gerrit Lunt, Daniel J. Nisancioglu, Kerim H. Otto-Bliesner, Bette L. Peltier, W. Richard Ramstein, Gilles Sohl, Linda E. Stepanek, Christian Tan, Ning Tindall, Julia C. Williams, Charles J. R. Zhang, Qiong Zhang, Zhongshi 2023 application/pdf http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-191365 https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-61-2023 eng eng Linköpings universitet, Nationellt superdatorcentrum (NSC) Univ Utrecht, Netherlands Univ Utrecht, Netherlands; Univ Utrecht, Netherlands Univ Tokyo, Japan Natl Ctr Atmospher Res NCAR, CO 80305 USA Univ Toronto, Canada Columbia Univ, NY 10025 USA Univ Paris Saclay, France Univ Connecticut, CT 06033 USA NORCE Norwegian Res Ctr, Norway Hohai Univ, Peoples R China; Stockholm Univ, Sweden Univ Leeds, England China Univ Geosci, Peoples R China Alfred Wegener Inst Helmholtz, Germany; Univ Bremen, Germany School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1SS, UK Univ Bergen, Norway; Univ Oslo, Norway Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), Boulder, CO 80305, USA Alfred Wegener Inst Helmholtz, Germany CCSR/GISS, Columbia University, New York, NY 10025, USA Chinese Acad Sci, Peoples R China Univ Bristol, England; Univ Reading, England Department of Physical Geography and Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH Climate of the Past, 1814-9324, 2023, 19:1, s. 61-85 http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-191365 doi:10.5194/cp-19-61-2023 ISI:000911191300001 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Climate Research Klimatforskning Article in journal info:eu-repo/semantics/article text 2023 ftlinkoepinguniv https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-61-2023 2023-02-22T23:29:59Z The mid-Pliocene warm period (3.264-3.025 Ma) is the most recent geological period in which the atmospheric CO2 concentration was approximately equal to the concentration we measure today (ca. 400 ppm). Sea surface temperature (SST) proxies indicate above-average warming over the North Atlantic in the mid-Pliocene with respect to the pre-industrial period, which may be linked to an intensified Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). Earlier results from the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2 (PlioMIP2) show that the ensemble simulates a stronger AMOC in the mid-Pliocene than in the pre-industrial. However, no consistent relationship between the stronger mid-Pliocene AMOC and either the Atlantic northward ocean heat transport (OHT) or average North Atlantic SSTs has been found. In this study, we look further into the drivers and consequences of a stronger AMOC in mid-Pliocene compared to pre-industrial simulations in PlioMIP2. We find that all model simulations with a closed Bering Strait and Canadian Archipelago show reduced freshwater transport from the Arctic Ocean into the North Atlantic. This contributes to an increase in salinity in the subpolar North Atlantic and Labrador Sea that can be linked to the stronger AMOC in the mid-Pliocene. To investigate the dynamics behind the ensembles variable response of the total Atlantic OHT to the stronger AMOC, we separate the Atlantic OHT into two components associated with either the overturning circulation or the wind-driven gyre circulation. While the ensemble mean of the overturning component is increased significantly in magnitude in the mid-Pliocene, it is partly compensated by a reduction in the gyre component in the northern subtropical gyre region. This indicates that the lack of relationship between the total OHT and AMOC is due to changes in OHT by the subtropical gyre. The overturning and gyre components should therefore be considered separately to gain a more complete understanding of the OHT response to a stronger mid-Pliocene ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Ocean Bering Strait Canadian Archipelago Labrador Sea North Atlantic LIU - Linköping University: Publications (DiVA) Arctic Arctic Ocean Bering Strait Climate of the Past 19 1 61 85 |