Measurement and modelling of HF channel directional spread characteristics for northerly paths
The northerly ionosphere is a dynamic propagation medium that causes HF signals reflected from this region to exhibit delay spreads and Doppler shifts and spreads that significantly exceed those observed over midlatitude paths. Since the ionosphere is not perfectly horizontally stratified, the signa...
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American Geophysical Union (AGU)
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ftleicester:oai:lra.le.ac.uk:2381/2008 2023-05-15T17:03:59+02:00 Measurement and modelling of HF channel directional spread characteristics for northerly paths Warrington, E. Michael Stocker, A. J. Siddle, D. R. 2007-11-19T15:36:08Z http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2005RS003294/abstract http://hdl.handle.net/2381/2008 https://doi.org/10.1029/2005RS003294 en eng American Geophysical Union (AGU) RAE 2007 Radio Science, 2006, 41, pp.RS2006-1-RS2006-13 0048-6604 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2005RS003294/abstract http://hdl.handle.net/2381/2008 doi:10.1029/2005RS003294 This paper was published as Radio Science, 2006, 41, RS2006. It is available from http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2006/2005RS003294.shtml. An edited version of this paper was published by AGU. Copyright 2006 American Geophysical Union. Doi:10.1029/2005RS003294 Article 2007 ftleicester https://doi.org/10.1029/2005RS003294 2019-03-22T20:13:05Z The northerly ionosphere is a dynamic propagation medium that causes HF signals reflected from this region to exhibit delay spreads and Doppler shifts and spreads that significantly exceed those observed over midlatitude paths. Since the ionosphere is not perfectly horizontally stratified, the signals associated with each propagation mode may arrive at the receiver over a range of angles in both azimuth and elevation. Such large directional spreads may have a severe impact on radio systems employing multielement antenna arrays and associated signal-processing techniques since the signal environment does not comprise a small number of specular components as often assumed by the processing algorithms. In order to better understand the directional characteristics of HF signals reflected from the northerly ionosphere, prolonged measurements have recently been made over two paths: (1) from Svalbard to Kiruna, Sweden, and (2) from Kirkenes, Norway, to Kiruna. An analysis of these data is presented in this paper. The directional characteristics are summarized, and consideration is given to modeling the propagation effects in the form of a channel simulator suitable for the testing of new equipment and processing algorithms. Article in Journal/Newspaper Kirkenes Kiruna Svalbard University of Leicester: Leicester Research Archive (LRA) Svalbard Kiruna Norway Radio Science 41 2 n/a n/a |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Leicester: Leicester Research Archive (LRA) |
op_collection_id |
ftleicester |
language |
English |
description |
The northerly ionosphere is a dynamic propagation medium that causes HF signals reflected from this region to exhibit delay spreads and Doppler shifts and spreads that significantly exceed those observed over midlatitude paths. Since the ionosphere is not perfectly horizontally stratified, the signals associated with each propagation mode may arrive at the receiver over a range of angles in both azimuth and elevation. Such large directional spreads may have a severe impact on radio systems employing multielement antenna arrays and associated signal-processing techniques since the signal environment does not comprise a small number of specular components as often assumed by the processing algorithms. In order to better understand the directional characteristics of HF signals reflected from the northerly ionosphere, prolonged measurements have recently been made over two paths: (1) from Svalbard to Kiruna, Sweden, and (2) from Kirkenes, Norway, to Kiruna. An analysis of these data is presented in this paper. The directional characteristics are summarized, and consideration is given to modeling the propagation effects in the form of a channel simulator suitable for the testing of new equipment and processing algorithms. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Warrington, E. Michael Stocker, A. J. Siddle, D. R. |
spellingShingle |
Warrington, E. Michael Stocker, A. J. Siddle, D. R. Measurement and modelling of HF channel directional spread characteristics for northerly paths |
author_facet |
Warrington, E. Michael Stocker, A. J. Siddle, D. R. |
author_sort |
Warrington, E. Michael |
title |
Measurement and modelling of HF channel directional spread characteristics for northerly paths |
title_short |
Measurement and modelling of HF channel directional spread characteristics for northerly paths |
title_full |
Measurement and modelling of HF channel directional spread characteristics for northerly paths |
title_fullStr |
Measurement and modelling of HF channel directional spread characteristics for northerly paths |
title_full_unstemmed |
Measurement and modelling of HF channel directional spread characteristics for northerly paths |
title_sort |
measurement and modelling of hf channel directional spread characteristics for northerly paths |
publisher |
American Geophysical Union (AGU) |
publishDate |
2007 |
url |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2005RS003294/abstract http://hdl.handle.net/2381/2008 https://doi.org/10.1029/2005RS003294 |
geographic |
Svalbard Kiruna Norway |
geographic_facet |
Svalbard Kiruna Norway |
genre |
Kirkenes Kiruna Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Kirkenes Kiruna Svalbard |
op_relation |
RAE 2007 Radio Science, 2006, 41, pp.RS2006-1-RS2006-13 0048-6604 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2005RS003294/abstract http://hdl.handle.net/2381/2008 doi:10.1029/2005RS003294 |
op_rights |
This paper was published as Radio Science, 2006, 41, RS2006. It is available from http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2006/2005RS003294.shtml. An edited version of this paper was published by AGU. Copyright 2006 American Geophysical Union. Doi:10.1029/2005RS003294 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2005RS003294 |
container_title |
Radio Science |
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41 |
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2 |
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n/a |
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1766057983626706944 |