Can VHF radars at polar latitudes measure mean vertical winds in the presence of PMSE?
Mean vertical velocity measurements obtained from radars at polar latitudes using polar mesosphere summer echoes (PMSEs) as an inert tracer have been considered to be non-representative of the mean vertical winds over the last couple of decades. We used PMSEs observed with the Middle Atmosphere Alom...
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2019
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.34657/4626 https://oa.tib.eu/renate/handle/123456789/5997 |
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ftleibnizopen:oai:oai.leibnizopen.de:q4f5pIkBdbrxVwz618Kf 2023-08-20T03:59:39+02:00 Can VHF radars at polar latitudes measure mean vertical winds in the presence of PMSE? Gudadze, N. Stober, G. Chau, J.L. 2019 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.34657/4626 https://oa.tib.eu/renate/handle/123456789/5997 eng eng Göttingen : Copernicus GmbH CC BY 4.0 Unported https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19 (2019), 7 Doppler radar mesosphere seasonal variation spatiotemporal analysis three-dimensional modeling zonal wind Norway 550 article Text 2019 ftleibnizopen https://doi.org/10.34657/4626 2023-07-30T23:11:00Z Mean vertical velocity measurements obtained from radars at polar latitudes using polar mesosphere summer echoes (PMSEs) as an inert tracer have been considered to be non-representative of the mean vertical winds over the last couple of decades. We used PMSEs observed with the Middle Atmosphere Alomar Radar System (MAARSY) over Andøya, Norway (69.30°N, 16.04°E), during summers of 2016 and 2017 to derive mean vertical winds in the upper mesosphere. The 3-D vector wind components (zonal, meridional and vertical) are based on a Doppler beam swinging experiment using five beam directions (one vertical and four oblique). The 3-D wind components are computed using a recently developed wind retrieval technique. The method includes full non-linear error propagation, spatial and temporal regularisation, and beam pointing corrections and angular pointing uncertainties. Measurement uncertainties are used as weights to obtain seasonal weighted averages and characterise seasonal mean vertical velocities. Weighted average values of vertical velocities reveal a weak upward behaviour at altitudes ∼ 84-87 km after eliminating the influence of the speed of falling ice. At the same time, a sharp decrease (increase) in the mean vertical velocities at the lower (upper) edges of the summer mean altitude profile, which are attributed to the sampling issues of the PMSE due to disappearance of the target corresponding to the certain regions of motions and temperatures, prevails. Thus the mean vertical velocities can be biased downwards at the lower edge, and the mean vertical velocities can be biased upwards at the upper edge, while at the main central region the obtained mean vertical velocities are consistent with expected upward values of mean vertical winds after considering ice particle sedimentation. © 2019 Author(s). This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Leibniz_Fonds publishedVersion Article in Journal/Newspaper Andøya LeibnizOpen (The Leibniz Association) Alomar ENVELOPE(-67.083,-67.083,-68.133,-68.133) Andøya ENVELOPE(13.982,13.982,68.185,68.185) Norway |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
LeibnizOpen (The Leibniz Association) |
op_collection_id |
ftleibnizopen |
language |
English |
topic |
Doppler radar mesosphere seasonal variation spatiotemporal analysis three-dimensional modeling zonal wind Norway 550 |
spellingShingle |
Doppler radar mesosphere seasonal variation spatiotemporal analysis three-dimensional modeling zonal wind Norway 550 Gudadze, N. Stober, G. Chau, J.L. Can VHF radars at polar latitudes measure mean vertical winds in the presence of PMSE? |
topic_facet |
Doppler radar mesosphere seasonal variation spatiotemporal analysis three-dimensional modeling zonal wind Norway 550 |
description |
Mean vertical velocity measurements obtained from radars at polar latitudes using polar mesosphere summer echoes (PMSEs) as an inert tracer have been considered to be non-representative of the mean vertical winds over the last couple of decades. We used PMSEs observed with the Middle Atmosphere Alomar Radar System (MAARSY) over Andøya, Norway (69.30°N, 16.04°E), during summers of 2016 and 2017 to derive mean vertical winds in the upper mesosphere. The 3-D vector wind components (zonal, meridional and vertical) are based on a Doppler beam swinging experiment using five beam directions (one vertical and four oblique). The 3-D wind components are computed using a recently developed wind retrieval technique. The method includes full non-linear error propagation, spatial and temporal regularisation, and beam pointing corrections and angular pointing uncertainties. Measurement uncertainties are used as weights to obtain seasonal weighted averages and characterise seasonal mean vertical velocities. Weighted average values of vertical velocities reveal a weak upward behaviour at altitudes ∼ 84-87 km after eliminating the influence of the speed of falling ice. At the same time, a sharp decrease (increase) in the mean vertical velocities at the lower (upper) edges of the summer mean altitude profile, which are attributed to the sampling issues of the PMSE due to disappearance of the target corresponding to the certain regions of motions and temperatures, prevails. Thus the mean vertical velocities can be biased downwards at the lower edge, and the mean vertical velocities can be biased upwards at the upper edge, while at the main central region the obtained mean vertical velocities are consistent with expected upward values of mean vertical winds after considering ice particle sedimentation. © 2019 Author(s). This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Leibniz_Fonds publishedVersion |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Gudadze, N. Stober, G. Chau, J.L. |
author_facet |
Gudadze, N. Stober, G. Chau, J.L. |
author_sort |
Gudadze, N. |
title |
Can VHF radars at polar latitudes measure mean vertical winds in the presence of PMSE? |
title_short |
Can VHF radars at polar latitudes measure mean vertical winds in the presence of PMSE? |
title_full |
Can VHF radars at polar latitudes measure mean vertical winds in the presence of PMSE? |
title_fullStr |
Can VHF radars at polar latitudes measure mean vertical winds in the presence of PMSE? |
title_full_unstemmed |
Can VHF radars at polar latitudes measure mean vertical winds in the presence of PMSE? |
title_sort |
can vhf radars at polar latitudes measure mean vertical winds in the presence of pmse? |
publisher |
Göttingen : Copernicus GmbH |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.34657/4626 https://oa.tib.eu/renate/handle/123456789/5997 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-67.083,-67.083,-68.133,-68.133) ENVELOPE(13.982,13.982,68.185,68.185) |
geographic |
Alomar Andøya Norway |
geographic_facet |
Alomar Andøya Norway |
genre |
Andøya |
genre_facet |
Andøya |
op_source |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19 (2019), 7 |
op_rights |
CC BY 4.0 Unported https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.34657/4626 |
_version_ |
1774714054430949376 |