Occurrence frequencies of polar mesosphere summer echoes observed at 69 N during a full solar cycle
Polar mesosphere summer echoes (PMSE) are strong enhancements of received signal power at very high radar frequencies occurring at altitudes between about 80 and 95 km at polar latitudes during summer. PMSE are caused by inhomogeneities in the electron density of the radar Bragg scale within the pla...
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ftleibnizopen:oai:oai.leibnizopen.de:PVu78IgBdbrxVwz6rJ5t 2023-07-16T03:51:44+02:00 Occurrence frequencies of polar mesosphere summer echoes observed at 69 N during a full solar cycle Latteck, R. Bremer, J. 2013 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.34657/4222 https://oa.tib.eu/renate/handle/123456789/5593 eng eng Göttingen : Copernicus CC BY 3.0 Unported https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Advances in Radio Science 11 (2013) Atmospheric physics Energetic particles Geomagnetic activities Mesospheric temperature Negatively charged Polar mesosphere summer echoes Significance levels Strong enhancement Geomagnetism Geophysics Radar systems Solar energy 550 article Text 2013 ftleibnizopen https://doi.org/10.34657/4222 2023-06-25T23:35:45Z Polar mesosphere summer echoes (PMSE) are strong enhancements of received signal power at very high radar frequencies occurring at altitudes between about 80 and 95 km at polar latitudes during summer. PMSE are caused by inhomogeneities in the electron density of the radar Bragg scale within the plasma of the cold summer mesopause region in the presence of negatively charged ice particles. Thus the occurrence of PMSE contains information about mesospheric temperature and water vapour content but also depends on the ionisation due to solar wave radiation and precipitating high energetic particles. Continuous and homogeneous observations of PMSE have been done on the North-Norwegian island Andøya (69.3 N, 16.0 E) from 1999 until 2008 using the ALWIN VHF radar at 53.5 MHz. In 2009 the Leibniz-Institute of Atmospheric Physics in Kühlungsborn, Germany (IAP) started the installation of the Middle Atmosphere Alomar Radar System (MAARSY) at the same location. The observation of mesospheric echoes could be continued in spring 2010 starting with an initial stage of expansion of MAARSY and is carried out with the completed installation of the radar since May 2011. Since both the ALWIN radar and MAARSY are calibrated, the received echo strength of PMSE from 14 yr of mesospheric observations could be converted to absolute signal power. Occurrence frequencies based on different common thresholds of PMSE echo strength were used for investigations of the solar and geomagnetic control of the PMSE as well as of possible long-term changes. The PMSE are positively correlated with the solar Lyman α radiation and the geomagnetic activity. The occurrence frequencies of the PMSE show slightly positive trends but with marginal significance levels. publishedVersion Article in Journal/Newspaper Andøya LeibnizOpen (The Leibniz Association) Alomar ENVELOPE(-67.083,-67.083,-68.133,-68.133) Andøya ENVELOPE(13.982,13.982,68.185,68.185) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
LeibnizOpen (The Leibniz Association) |
op_collection_id |
ftleibnizopen |
language |
English |
topic |
Atmospheric physics Energetic particles Geomagnetic activities Mesospheric temperature Negatively charged Polar mesosphere summer echoes Significance levels Strong enhancement Geomagnetism Geophysics Radar systems Solar energy 550 |
spellingShingle |
Atmospheric physics Energetic particles Geomagnetic activities Mesospheric temperature Negatively charged Polar mesosphere summer echoes Significance levels Strong enhancement Geomagnetism Geophysics Radar systems Solar energy 550 Latteck, R. Bremer, J. Occurrence frequencies of polar mesosphere summer echoes observed at 69 N during a full solar cycle |
topic_facet |
Atmospheric physics Energetic particles Geomagnetic activities Mesospheric temperature Negatively charged Polar mesosphere summer echoes Significance levels Strong enhancement Geomagnetism Geophysics Radar systems Solar energy 550 |
description |
Polar mesosphere summer echoes (PMSE) are strong enhancements of received signal power at very high radar frequencies occurring at altitudes between about 80 and 95 km at polar latitudes during summer. PMSE are caused by inhomogeneities in the electron density of the radar Bragg scale within the plasma of the cold summer mesopause region in the presence of negatively charged ice particles. Thus the occurrence of PMSE contains information about mesospheric temperature and water vapour content but also depends on the ionisation due to solar wave radiation and precipitating high energetic particles. Continuous and homogeneous observations of PMSE have been done on the North-Norwegian island Andøya (69.3 N, 16.0 E) from 1999 until 2008 using the ALWIN VHF radar at 53.5 MHz. In 2009 the Leibniz-Institute of Atmospheric Physics in Kühlungsborn, Germany (IAP) started the installation of the Middle Atmosphere Alomar Radar System (MAARSY) at the same location. The observation of mesospheric echoes could be continued in spring 2010 starting with an initial stage of expansion of MAARSY and is carried out with the completed installation of the radar since May 2011. Since both the ALWIN radar and MAARSY are calibrated, the received echo strength of PMSE from 14 yr of mesospheric observations could be converted to absolute signal power. Occurrence frequencies based on different common thresholds of PMSE echo strength were used for investigations of the solar and geomagnetic control of the PMSE as well as of possible long-term changes. The PMSE are positively correlated with the solar Lyman α radiation and the geomagnetic activity. The occurrence frequencies of the PMSE show slightly positive trends but with marginal significance levels. publishedVersion |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Latteck, R. Bremer, J. |
author_facet |
Latteck, R. Bremer, J. |
author_sort |
Latteck, R. |
title |
Occurrence frequencies of polar mesosphere summer echoes observed at 69 N during a full solar cycle |
title_short |
Occurrence frequencies of polar mesosphere summer echoes observed at 69 N during a full solar cycle |
title_full |
Occurrence frequencies of polar mesosphere summer echoes observed at 69 N during a full solar cycle |
title_fullStr |
Occurrence frequencies of polar mesosphere summer echoes observed at 69 N during a full solar cycle |
title_full_unstemmed |
Occurrence frequencies of polar mesosphere summer echoes observed at 69 N during a full solar cycle |
title_sort |
occurrence frequencies of polar mesosphere summer echoes observed at 69 n during a full solar cycle |
publisher |
Göttingen : Copernicus |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.34657/4222 https://oa.tib.eu/renate/handle/123456789/5593 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-67.083,-67.083,-68.133,-68.133) ENVELOPE(13.982,13.982,68.185,68.185) |
geographic |
Alomar Andøya |
geographic_facet |
Alomar Andøya |
genre |
Andøya |
genre_facet |
Andøya |
op_source |
Advances in Radio Science 11 (2013) |
op_rights |
CC BY 3.0 Unported https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.34657/4222 |
_version_ |
1771542255164719104 |