Lidar Observations of Stratospheric Gravity Waves From 2011 to 2015 at McMurdo (77.84°S, 166.69°E), Antarctica: 2. Potential Energy Densities, Lognormal Distributions, and Seasonal Variations
Five years of Fe Boltzmann lidar's Rayleigh temperature data from 2011 to 2015 at McMurdo are used to characterize gravity wave potential energy mass density (Epm), potential energy volume density (Epv), vertical wave number spectra, and static stability N² in the stratosphere 30–50 km. Epm (Ep...
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2018
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Online Access: | https://oa.tib.eu/renate/handle/123456789/10694 https://doi.org/10.34657/9730 |
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ftleibnizopen:oai:oai.leibnizopen.de:4UmiqIgBdbrxVwz6uvsz 2023-07-02T03:30:08+02:00 Lidar Observations of Stratospheric Gravity Waves From 2011 to 2015 at McMurdo (77.84°S, 166.69°E), Antarctica: 2. Potential Energy Densities, Lognormal Distributions, and Seasonal Variations Chu, Xinzhao Zhao, Jian Lu, Xian Harvey, V. Lynn Jones, R. Michael Becker, Erich Chen, Cao Fong, Weichun Yu, Zhibin Roberts, Brendan R. Dörnbrack, Andreas 2018-8-6 application/pdf https://oa.tib.eu/renate/handle/123456789/10694 https://doi.org/10.34657/9730 eng eng Hoboken, NJ : Wiley CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 Unported https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ JGR : Atmospheres 123 (2018), Nr. 2 Antarctic lidar observations lognormal distributions polar vortex potential energy density stratospheric gravity waves wave dissipation 550 article Text 2018 ftleibnizopen https://doi.org/10.34657/9730 2023-06-11T23:20:05Z Five years of Fe Boltzmann lidar's Rayleigh temperature data from 2011 to 2015 at McMurdo are used to characterize gravity wave potential energy mass density (Epm), potential energy volume density (Epv), vertical wave number spectra, and static stability N² in the stratosphere 30–50 km. Epm (Epv) profiles increase (decrease) with altitude, and the scale heights of Epv indicate stronger wave dissipation in winter than in summer. Altitude mean (Formula presented.) and (Formula presented.) obey lognormal distributions and possess narrowly clustered small values in summer but widely spread large values in winter. (Formula presented.) and (Formula presented.) vary significantly from observation to observation but exhibit repeated seasonal patterns with summer minima and winter maxima. The winter maxima in 2012 and 2015 are higher than in other years, indicating interannual variations. Altitude mean (Formula presented.) varies by ~30–40% from the midwinter maxima to minima around October and exhibits a nearly bimodal distribution. Monthly mean vertical wave number power spectral density for vertical wavelengths of 5–20 km increases from summer to winter. Using Modern Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications version 2 data, we find that large values of (Formula presented.) during wintertime occur when McMurdo is well inside the polar vortex. Monthly mean (Formula presented.) are anticorrelated with wind rotation angles but positively correlated with wind speeds at 3 and 30 km. Corresponding correlation coefficients are −0.62, +0.87, and +0.80, respectively. Results indicate that the summer-winter asymmetry of (Formula presented.) is mainly caused by critical level filtering that dissipates most gravity waves in summer. (Formula presented.) variations in winter are mainly due to variations of gravity wave generation in the troposphere and stratosphere and Doppler shifting by the mean stratospheric winds. publishedVersion Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica E. Antarctica LeibnizOpen (The Leibniz Association) Antarctic Midwinter ENVELOPE(139.931,139.931,-66.690,-66.690) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
LeibnizOpen (The Leibniz Association) |
op_collection_id |
ftleibnizopen |
language |
English |
topic |
Antarctic lidar observations lognormal distributions polar vortex potential energy density stratospheric gravity waves wave dissipation 550 |
spellingShingle |
Antarctic lidar observations lognormal distributions polar vortex potential energy density stratospheric gravity waves wave dissipation 550 Chu, Xinzhao Zhao, Jian Lu, Xian Harvey, V. Lynn Jones, R. Michael Becker, Erich Chen, Cao Fong, Weichun Yu, Zhibin Roberts, Brendan R. Dörnbrack, Andreas Lidar Observations of Stratospheric Gravity Waves From 2011 to 2015 at McMurdo (77.84°S, 166.69°E), Antarctica: 2. Potential Energy Densities, Lognormal Distributions, and Seasonal Variations |
topic_facet |
Antarctic lidar observations lognormal distributions polar vortex potential energy density stratospheric gravity waves wave dissipation 550 |
description |
Five years of Fe Boltzmann lidar's Rayleigh temperature data from 2011 to 2015 at McMurdo are used to characterize gravity wave potential energy mass density (Epm), potential energy volume density (Epv), vertical wave number spectra, and static stability N² in the stratosphere 30–50 km. Epm (Epv) profiles increase (decrease) with altitude, and the scale heights of Epv indicate stronger wave dissipation in winter than in summer. Altitude mean (Formula presented.) and (Formula presented.) obey lognormal distributions and possess narrowly clustered small values in summer but widely spread large values in winter. (Formula presented.) and (Formula presented.) vary significantly from observation to observation but exhibit repeated seasonal patterns with summer minima and winter maxima. The winter maxima in 2012 and 2015 are higher than in other years, indicating interannual variations. Altitude mean (Formula presented.) varies by ~30–40% from the midwinter maxima to minima around October and exhibits a nearly bimodal distribution. Monthly mean vertical wave number power spectral density for vertical wavelengths of 5–20 km increases from summer to winter. Using Modern Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications version 2 data, we find that large values of (Formula presented.) during wintertime occur when McMurdo is well inside the polar vortex. Monthly mean (Formula presented.) are anticorrelated with wind rotation angles but positively correlated with wind speeds at 3 and 30 km. Corresponding correlation coefficients are −0.62, +0.87, and +0.80, respectively. Results indicate that the summer-winter asymmetry of (Formula presented.) is mainly caused by critical level filtering that dissipates most gravity waves in summer. (Formula presented.) variations in winter are mainly due to variations of gravity wave generation in the troposphere and stratosphere and Doppler shifting by the mean stratospheric winds. publishedVersion |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Chu, Xinzhao Zhao, Jian Lu, Xian Harvey, V. Lynn Jones, R. Michael Becker, Erich Chen, Cao Fong, Weichun Yu, Zhibin Roberts, Brendan R. Dörnbrack, Andreas |
author_facet |
Chu, Xinzhao Zhao, Jian Lu, Xian Harvey, V. Lynn Jones, R. Michael Becker, Erich Chen, Cao Fong, Weichun Yu, Zhibin Roberts, Brendan R. Dörnbrack, Andreas |
author_sort |
Chu, Xinzhao |
title |
Lidar Observations of Stratospheric Gravity Waves From 2011 to 2015 at McMurdo (77.84°S, 166.69°E), Antarctica: 2. Potential Energy Densities, Lognormal Distributions, and Seasonal Variations |
title_short |
Lidar Observations of Stratospheric Gravity Waves From 2011 to 2015 at McMurdo (77.84°S, 166.69°E), Antarctica: 2. Potential Energy Densities, Lognormal Distributions, and Seasonal Variations |
title_full |
Lidar Observations of Stratospheric Gravity Waves From 2011 to 2015 at McMurdo (77.84°S, 166.69°E), Antarctica: 2. Potential Energy Densities, Lognormal Distributions, and Seasonal Variations |
title_fullStr |
Lidar Observations of Stratospheric Gravity Waves From 2011 to 2015 at McMurdo (77.84°S, 166.69°E), Antarctica: 2. Potential Energy Densities, Lognormal Distributions, and Seasonal Variations |
title_full_unstemmed |
Lidar Observations of Stratospheric Gravity Waves From 2011 to 2015 at McMurdo (77.84°S, 166.69°E), Antarctica: 2. Potential Energy Densities, Lognormal Distributions, and Seasonal Variations |
title_sort |
lidar observations of stratospheric gravity waves from 2011 to 2015 at mcmurdo (77.84°s, 166.69°e), antarctica: 2. potential energy densities, lognormal distributions, and seasonal variations |
publisher |
Hoboken, NJ : Wiley |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://oa.tib.eu/renate/handle/123456789/10694 https://doi.org/10.34657/9730 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(139.931,139.931,-66.690,-66.690) |
geographic |
Antarctic Midwinter |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Midwinter |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica E. Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica E. Antarctica |
op_source |
JGR : Atmospheres 123 (2018), Nr. 2 |
op_rights |
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 Unported https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.34657/9730 |
_version_ |
1770274387680821248 |