The mass-area relationship within cryoconite holes and its implications for primary production
Linear relationships between the mass of sediment present in a cryoconite hole and the hole area are described for a range of glacier and ice-sheet surfaces. The strong relationships found indicate that some mechanism regulates the thickness of the layer of sediment occupying the 'floor' o...
Published in: | Annals of Glaciology |
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International Glaciological Society
2010
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Online Access: | https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/94606/ https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/94606/1/Cook%20et%20al%202010%20mass_area%20relationship%20within%20cryoconite%20holes%20and%20implications%20for%20primary%20production.pdf https://doi.org/10.3189/172756411795932038 |
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ftleedsuniv:oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:94606 2023-05-15T13:29:44+02:00 The mass-area relationship within cryoconite holes and its implications for primary production Cook, J. Hodson, A. Telling, J. Anesio, A. Irvine-Fynn, T. Bellas, C. 2010 text https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/94606/ https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/94606/1/Cook%20et%20al%202010%20mass_area%20relationship%20within%20cryoconite%20holes%20and%20implications%20for%20primary%20production.pdf https://doi.org/10.3189/172756411795932038 en eng International Glaciological Society https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/94606/1/Cook%20et%20al%202010%20mass_area%20relationship%20within%20cryoconite%20holes%20and%20implications%20for%20primary%20production.pdf Cook, J., Hodson, A., Telling, J. et al. (3 more authors) (2010) The mass-area relationship within cryoconite holes and its implications for primary production. Annals of Glaciology, 51 (56). pp. 106-110. ISSN 0260-3055 Article PeerReviewed 2010 ftleedsuniv https://doi.org/10.3189/172756411795932038 2023-01-30T21:38:41Z Linear relationships between the mass of sediment present in a cryoconite hole and the hole area are described for a range of glacier and ice-sheet surfaces. The strong relationships found indicate that some mechanism regulates the thickness of the layer of sediment occupying the 'floor' of the hole. We find that this regulation process responds immediately to the addition of new debris to a hole and infer that it is caused by lateral thermal conduction from the debris to the hole wall. This causes hole widening by melt, and a redistribution of the debris within then takes place, usually resulting in 0.04–0.20 g cm–2 of debris in a layer of single cryoconite grains. The thinning of the debris layer during hole widening also reduces self-shading and thus maximizes the exposure of cryoconite to solar radiation. We explore the implications of the hole widening for biological production. Net photosynthesis (CO2 fixation) is shown to be favoured by thin debris layers, whilst net heterotrophy (CO2 respiration) occurs when debris layers are in excess of 2–4 mm. We conclude that the carbon balance of cryoconite holes is sensitive to the thickness of the debris and that the thermodynamic equilibration of the debris thickness helps the ecosystem to maximize primary production during the summer. Article in Journal/Newspaper Annals of Glaciology Ice Sheet White Rose Research Online (Universities of Leeds, Sheffield & York) Annals of Glaciology 51 56 106 110 |
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Open Polar |
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White Rose Research Online (Universities of Leeds, Sheffield & York) |
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ftleedsuniv |
language |
English |
description |
Linear relationships between the mass of sediment present in a cryoconite hole and the hole area are described for a range of glacier and ice-sheet surfaces. The strong relationships found indicate that some mechanism regulates the thickness of the layer of sediment occupying the 'floor' of the hole. We find that this regulation process responds immediately to the addition of new debris to a hole and infer that it is caused by lateral thermal conduction from the debris to the hole wall. This causes hole widening by melt, and a redistribution of the debris within then takes place, usually resulting in 0.04–0.20 g cm–2 of debris in a layer of single cryoconite grains. The thinning of the debris layer during hole widening also reduces self-shading and thus maximizes the exposure of cryoconite to solar radiation. We explore the implications of the hole widening for biological production. Net photosynthesis (CO2 fixation) is shown to be favoured by thin debris layers, whilst net heterotrophy (CO2 respiration) occurs when debris layers are in excess of 2–4 mm. We conclude that the carbon balance of cryoconite holes is sensitive to the thickness of the debris and that the thermodynamic equilibration of the debris thickness helps the ecosystem to maximize primary production during the summer. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Cook, J. Hodson, A. Telling, J. Anesio, A. Irvine-Fynn, T. Bellas, C. |
spellingShingle |
Cook, J. Hodson, A. Telling, J. Anesio, A. Irvine-Fynn, T. Bellas, C. The mass-area relationship within cryoconite holes and its implications for primary production |
author_facet |
Cook, J. Hodson, A. Telling, J. Anesio, A. Irvine-Fynn, T. Bellas, C. |
author_sort |
Cook, J. |
title |
The mass-area relationship within cryoconite holes and its implications for primary production |
title_short |
The mass-area relationship within cryoconite holes and its implications for primary production |
title_full |
The mass-area relationship within cryoconite holes and its implications for primary production |
title_fullStr |
The mass-area relationship within cryoconite holes and its implications for primary production |
title_full_unstemmed |
The mass-area relationship within cryoconite holes and its implications for primary production |
title_sort |
mass-area relationship within cryoconite holes and its implications for primary production |
publisher |
International Glaciological Society |
publishDate |
2010 |
url |
https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/94606/ https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/94606/1/Cook%20et%20al%202010%20mass_area%20relationship%20within%20cryoconite%20holes%20and%20implications%20for%20primary%20production.pdf https://doi.org/10.3189/172756411795932038 |
genre |
Annals of Glaciology Ice Sheet |
genre_facet |
Annals of Glaciology Ice Sheet |
op_relation |
https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/94606/1/Cook%20et%20al%202010%20mass_area%20relationship%20within%20cryoconite%20holes%20and%20implications%20for%20primary%20production.pdf Cook, J., Hodson, A., Telling, J. et al. (3 more authors) (2010) The mass-area relationship within cryoconite holes and its implications for primary production. Annals of Glaciology, 51 (56). pp. 106-110. ISSN 0260-3055 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3189/172756411795932038 |
container_title |
Annals of Glaciology |
container_volume |
51 |
container_issue |
56 |
container_start_page |
106 |
op_container_end_page |
110 |
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1766002539892834304 |