Strong control of Southern Ocean cloud reflectivity by ice-nucleating particles
Large biases in climate model simulations of cloud radiative properties over the Southern Ocean cause large errors in modeled sea surface temperatures, atmospheric circulation, and climate sensitivity. Here, we combine cloud-resolving model simulations with estimates of the concentration of ice-nucl...
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ftleedsuniv:oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:128144 2023-05-15T18:23:49+02:00 Strong control of Southern Ocean cloud reflectivity by ice-nucleating particles Vergara-Temprado, J Miltenberger, AK Furtado, K Grosvenor, DP Shipway, BJ Hill, AA Wilkinson, JM Field, PR Murray, BJ Carslaw, KS 2018-03-13 text https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/128144/ https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/128144/7/2687.full.pdf en eng National Academy of Sciences https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/128144/7/2687.full.pdf Vergara-Temprado, J orcid.org/0000-0002-3105-0946 , Miltenberger, AK, Furtado, K et al. (7 more authors) (2018) Strong control of Southern Ocean cloud reflectivity by ice-nucleating particles. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 115 (11). pp. 2687-2692. ISSN 0027-8424 cc_by_nc_nd_4 CC-BY-NC-ND Article NonPeerReviewed 2018 ftleedsuniv 2023-01-30T22:04:26Z Large biases in climate model simulations of cloud radiative properties over the Southern Ocean cause large errors in modeled sea surface temperatures, atmospheric circulation, and climate sensitivity. Here, we combine cloud-resolving model simulations with estimates of the concentration of ice-nucleating particles in this region to show that our simulated Southern Ocean clouds reflect far more radiation than predicted by global models, in agreement with satellite observations. Specifically, we show that the clouds that are most sensitive to the concentration of ice-nucleating particles are low-level mixed-phase clouds in the cold sectors of extratropical cyclones, which have previously been identified as a main contributor to the Southern Ocean radiation bias. The very low ice-nucleating particle concentrations that prevail over the Southern Ocean strongly suppress cloud droplet freezing, reduce precipitation, and enhance cloud reflectivity. The results help explain why a strong radiation bias occurs mainly in this remote region away from major sources of ice-nucleating particles. The results present a substantial challenge to climate models to be able to simulate realistic ice-nucleating particle concentrations and their effects under specific meteorological conditions. Article in Journal/Newspaper Southern Ocean White Rose Research Online (Universities of Leeds, Sheffield & York) Southern Ocean |
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Open Polar |
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White Rose Research Online (Universities of Leeds, Sheffield & York) |
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ftleedsuniv |
language |
English |
description |
Large biases in climate model simulations of cloud radiative properties over the Southern Ocean cause large errors in modeled sea surface temperatures, atmospheric circulation, and climate sensitivity. Here, we combine cloud-resolving model simulations with estimates of the concentration of ice-nucleating particles in this region to show that our simulated Southern Ocean clouds reflect far more radiation than predicted by global models, in agreement with satellite observations. Specifically, we show that the clouds that are most sensitive to the concentration of ice-nucleating particles are low-level mixed-phase clouds in the cold sectors of extratropical cyclones, which have previously been identified as a main contributor to the Southern Ocean radiation bias. The very low ice-nucleating particle concentrations that prevail over the Southern Ocean strongly suppress cloud droplet freezing, reduce precipitation, and enhance cloud reflectivity. The results help explain why a strong radiation bias occurs mainly in this remote region away from major sources of ice-nucleating particles. The results present a substantial challenge to climate models to be able to simulate realistic ice-nucleating particle concentrations and their effects under specific meteorological conditions. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Vergara-Temprado, J Miltenberger, AK Furtado, K Grosvenor, DP Shipway, BJ Hill, AA Wilkinson, JM Field, PR Murray, BJ Carslaw, KS |
spellingShingle |
Vergara-Temprado, J Miltenberger, AK Furtado, K Grosvenor, DP Shipway, BJ Hill, AA Wilkinson, JM Field, PR Murray, BJ Carslaw, KS Strong control of Southern Ocean cloud reflectivity by ice-nucleating particles |
author_facet |
Vergara-Temprado, J Miltenberger, AK Furtado, K Grosvenor, DP Shipway, BJ Hill, AA Wilkinson, JM Field, PR Murray, BJ Carslaw, KS |
author_sort |
Vergara-Temprado, J |
title |
Strong control of Southern Ocean cloud reflectivity by ice-nucleating particles |
title_short |
Strong control of Southern Ocean cloud reflectivity by ice-nucleating particles |
title_full |
Strong control of Southern Ocean cloud reflectivity by ice-nucleating particles |
title_fullStr |
Strong control of Southern Ocean cloud reflectivity by ice-nucleating particles |
title_full_unstemmed |
Strong control of Southern Ocean cloud reflectivity by ice-nucleating particles |
title_sort |
strong control of southern ocean cloud reflectivity by ice-nucleating particles |
publisher |
National Academy of Sciences |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/128144/ https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/128144/7/2687.full.pdf |
geographic |
Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Southern Ocean |
genre |
Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/128144/7/2687.full.pdf Vergara-Temprado, J orcid.org/0000-0002-3105-0946 , Miltenberger, AK, Furtado, K et al. (7 more authors) (2018) Strong control of Southern Ocean cloud reflectivity by ice-nucleating particles. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 115 (11). pp. 2687-2692. ISSN 0027-8424 |
op_rights |
cc_by_nc_nd_4 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY-NC-ND |
_version_ |
1766203946856087552 |