An intensified hydrological cycle in the simulation of geoengineering by cirrus cloud thinning using ice crystal fall speed changes
Proposals to geoengineer Earth's climate by cirrus cloud thinning (CCT) potentially offer advantages over solar radiation management schemes: amplified cooling of the Arctic and smaller perturbations to global mean precipitation in particular. Using an idealized climate model implementation of...
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ftleedsuniv:oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:101480 2023-05-15T14:59:58+02:00 An intensified hydrological cycle in the simulation of geoengineering by cirrus cloud thinning using ice crystal fall speed changes Jackson, LS Crook, JA Forster, PM 2016-06-27 text https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/101480/ https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/101480/7/Jackson_et_al-2016-Journal_of_Geophysical_Research-_Atmospheres.pdf https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JD024304 en eng American Geophysical Union (AGU) https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/101480/7/Jackson_et_al-2016-Journal_of_Geophysical_Research-_Atmospheres.pdf Jackson, LS, Crook, JA orcid.org/0000-0003-1724-1479 and Forster, PM orcid.org/0000-0002-6078-0171 (2016) An intensified hydrological cycle in the simulation of geoengineering by cirrus cloud thinning using ice crystal fall speed changes. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 121 (12). pp. 6822-6840. ISSN 2169-897X Article NonPeerReviewed 2016 ftleedsuniv https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JD024304 2023-01-30T21:43:41Z Proposals to geoengineer Earth's climate by cirrus cloud thinning (CCT) potentially offer advantages over solar radiation management schemes: amplified cooling of the Arctic and smaller perturbations to global mean precipitation in particular. Using an idealized climate model implementation of CCT in which ice particle fall speeds were increased 2×, 4×, and 8× we examine the relationships between effective radiative forcing (ERF) at the top of atmosphere, near-surface temperature, and the response of the hydrological cycle. ERF was nonlinear with fall speed change and driven by the trade-off between opposing positive shortwave and negative longwave radiative forcings. ERF was −2.0 Wm−2 for both 4× and 8× fall speeds. Global mean temperature decreased linearly with ERF, while Arctic temperature reductions were amplified compared with the global mean change. The change in global mean precipitation involved a rapid adjustment (~ 1%/Wm2), which was linear with the change in the net atmospheric energy balance, and a feedback response (~2%/°C). Global mean precipitation and evaporation increased strongly in the first year of CCT. Intensification of the hydrological cycle was promoted by intensification of the vertical overturning circulation of the atmosphere, changes in boundary layer climate favorable for evaporation, and increased energy available at the surface for evaporation (from increased net shortwave radiation and reduced subsurface storage of heat). Such intensification of the hydrological cycle is a significant side effect to the cooling of climate by CCT. Any accompanying negative cirrus cloud feedback response would implicitly increase the costs and complexity of CCT deployment. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic White Rose Research Online (Universities of Leeds, Sheffield & York) Arctic Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 121 12 6822 6840 |
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Open Polar |
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White Rose Research Online (Universities of Leeds, Sheffield & York) |
op_collection_id |
ftleedsuniv |
language |
English |
description |
Proposals to geoengineer Earth's climate by cirrus cloud thinning (CCT) potentially offer advantages over solar radiation management schemes: amplified cooling of the Arctic and smaller perturbations to global mean precipitation in particular. Using an idealized climate model implementation of CCT in which ice particle fall speeds were increased 2×, 4×, and 8× we examine the relationships between effective radiative forcing (ERF) at the top of atmosphere, near-surface temperature, and the response of the hydrological cycle. ERF was nonlinear with fall speed change and driven by the trade-off between opposing positive shortwave and negative longwave radiative forcings. ERF was −2.0 Wm−2 for both 4× and 8× fall speeds. Global mean temperature decreased linearly with ERF, while Arctic temperature reductions were amplified compared with the global mean change. The change in global mean precipitation involved a rapid adjustment (~ 1%/Wm2), which was linear with the change in the net atmospheric energy balance, and a feedback response (~2%/°C). Global mean precipitation and evaporation increased strongly in the first year of CCT. Intensification of the hydrological cycle was promoted by intensification of the vertical overturning circulation of the atmosphere, changes in boundary layer climate favorable for evaporation, and increased energy available at the surface for evaporation (from increased net shortwave radiation and reduced subsurface storage of heat). Such intensification of the hydrological cycle is a significant side effect to the cooling of climate by CCT. Any accompanying negative cirrus cloud feedback response would implicitly increase the costs and complexity of CCT deployment. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Jackson, LS Crook, JA Forster, PM |
spellingShingle |
Jackson, LS Crook, JA Forster, PM An intensified hydrological cycle in the simulation of geoengineering by cirrus cloud thinning using ice crystal fall speed changes |
author_facet |
Jackson, LS Crook, JA Forster, PM |
author_sort |
Jackson, LS |
title |
An intensified hydrological cycle in the simulation of geoengineering by cirrus cloud thinning using ice crystal fall speed changes |
title_short |
An intensified hydrological cycle in the simulation of geoengineering by cirrus cloud thinning using ice crystal fall speed changes |
title_full |
An intensified hydrological cycle in the simulation of geoengineering by cirrus cloud thinning using ice crystal fall speed changes |
title_fullStr |
An intensified hydrological cycle in the simulation of geoengineering by cirrus cloud thinning using ice crystal fall speed changes |
title_full_unstemmed |
An intensified hydrological cycle in the simulation of geoengineering by cirrus cloud thinning using ice crystal fall speed changes |
title_sort |
intensified hydrological cycle in the simulation of geoengineering by cirrus cloud thinning using ice crystal fall speed changes |
publisher |
American Geophysical Union (AGU) |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/101480/ https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/101480/7/Jackson_et_al-2016-Journal_of_Geophysical_Research-_Atmospheres.pdf https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JD024304 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_relation |
https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/101480/7/Jackson_et_al-2016-Journal_of_Geophysical_Research-_Atmospheres.pdf Jackson, LS, Crook, JA orcid.org/0000-0003-1724-1479 and Forster, PM orcid.org/0000-0002-6078-0171 (2016) An intensified hydrological cycle in the simulation of geoengineering by cirrus cloud thinning using ice crystal fall speed changes. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 121 (12). pp. 6822-6840. ISSN 2169-897X |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JD024304 |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |
container_volume |
121 |
container_issue |
12 |
container_start_page |
6822 |
op_container_end_page |
6840 |
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1766332076841238528 |