Faraldsfræði penicillín ónæmra pneumókokka
Neðst á síðunni er hægt að nálgast greinina í heild sinni með því að smella á hlekkinn View/Open Penicillin resistant and multiresistant pneumococci have become common all over the world. Pneumococci resistant to cefotaxime and ceftriaxone have only become established in the USA, Spain and South Afr...
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Læknafélag Íslands, Læknafélag Reykjavíkur
2009
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/2336/67294 |
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ftlandspitaliuni:oai:www.hirsla.lsh.is:2336/67294 2023-05-15T16:46:57+02:00 Faraldsfræði penicillín ónæmra pneumókokka Epidemiology of penicillin resistant pneumococci Karl Gústaf Kristinsson 2009-05-05 http://hdl.handle.net/2336/67294 is ice Læknafélag Íslands, Læknafélag Reykjavíkur http://www.laeknabladid.is Læknablaðið 1996, 82(1):9-16, 18-9 0023-7213 http://hdl.handle.net/2336/67294 Læknablaðið Sýklalyf Lyfjanotkun Ónæmi Anti-Bacterial Agents Drug Utilization Drug Resistance Bacterial Pneumococcal Infections Penicillins Article 2009 ftlandspitaliuni 2022-05-29T08:21:20Z Neðst á síðunni er hægt að nálgast greinina í heild sinni með því að smella á hlekkinn View/Open Penicillin resistant and multiresistant pneumococci have become common all over the world. Pneumococci resistant to cefotaxime and ceftriaxone have only become established in the USA, Spain and South Africa, although recently such strains have been described in the UK. Resistance to cefotaxime and ceftriaxone may spread faster than penicillin resistance. With B-lactam resistant and multiresistant pneumococci, the choice of antimicrobials is reduced to a single class of antimicrobials, the glycopeptides. Penicillin resistant pneumococci were introduced in Iceland in 1988, and had gained 20% incidence in pneumococcal infections in 1993. This rapid spread was associated with serogroups 6, 19 and 23, of which serotype 6B (multiresistant) was by far the most prevalent. During this period the incidence of penicillin resistant pneumococci remained low in the other Nordic countries. Since the practice of medicine is very similar in these countries, it was important to search for epidemiological clues that would explain the difference. The following risk factors have been shown to be important in epidemiological studies conducted in Iceland: most Icelandic children attend day-care centres, where they have numerous contacts with children with respiratory tract infections during the long winter months. Antimicrobial usage was high in children attending day care centres. The popularity of the sulpha-trimethoprim combination in Iceland may also be important, as it was shown to be an independent risk factor. Total use of antimicrobial agents declined in Iceland in the years 1991-1993 following a propaganda campaign against misuse and legislative changes that increased the cost of the antimicrobials for patients. The antimicrobial use in day-care centres was significantly reduced from 1992 to 1995. In 1994 the incidence of penicillin resistant pneumococci decreased to 17% (from 20% in 1993). Hopefully reduction in antimicrobial ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland Hirsla - Landspítali University Hospital research archive Smella ENVELOPE(29.443,29.443,69.896,69.896) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Hirsla - Landspítali University Hospital research archive |
op_collection_id |
ftlandspitaliuni |
language |
Icelandic |
topic |
Sýklalyf Lyfjanotkun Ónæmi Anti-Bacterial Agents Drug Utilization Drug Resistance Bacterial Pneumococcal Infections Penicillins |
spellingShingle |
Sýklalyf Lyfjanotkun Ónæmi Anti-Bacterial Agents Drug Utilization Drug Resistance Bacterial Pneumococcal Infections Penicillins Karl Gústaf Kristinsson Faraldsfræði penicillín ónæmra pneumókokka |
topic_facet |
Sýklalyf Lyfjanotkun Ónæmi Anti-Bacterial Agents Drug Utilization Drug Resistance Bacterial Pneumococcal Infections Penicillins |
description |
Neðst á síðunni er hægt að nálgast greinina í heild sinni með því að smella á hlekkinn View/Open Penicillin resistant and multiresistant pneumococci have become common all over the world. Pneumococci resistant to cefotaxime and ceftriaxone have only become established in the USA, Spain and South Africa, although recently such strains have been described in the UK. Resistance to cefotaxime and ceftriaxone may spread faster than penicillin resistance. With B-lactam resistant and multiresistant pneumococci, the choice of antimicrobials is reduced to a single class of antimicrobials, the glycopeptides. Penicillin resistant pneumococci were introduced in Iceland in 1988, and had gained 20% incidence in pneumococcal infections in 1993. This rapid spread was associated with serogroups 6, 19 and 23, of which serotype 6B (multiresistant) was by far the most prevalent. During this period the incidence of penicillin resistant pneumococci remained low in the other Nordic countries. Since the practice of medicine is very similar in these countries, it was important to search for epidemiological clues that would explain the difference. The following risk factors have been shown to be important in epidemiological studies conducted in Iceland: most Icelandic children attend day-care centres, where they have numerous contacts with children with respiratory tract infections during the long winter months. Antimicrobial usage was high in children attending day care centres. The popularity of the sulpha-trimethoprim combination in Iceland may also be important, as it was shown to be an independent risk factor. Total use of antimicrobial agents declined in Iceland in the years 1991-1993 following a propaganda campaign against misuse and legislative changes that increased the cost of the antimicrobials for patients. The antimicrobial use in day-care centres was significantly reduced from 1992 to 1995. In 1994 the incidence of penicillin resistant pneumococci decreased to 17% (from 20% in 1993). Hopefully reduction in antimicrobial ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Karl Gústaf Kristinsson |
author_facet |
Karl Gústaf Kristinsson |
author_sort |
Karl Gústaf Kristinsson |
title |
Faraldsfræði penicillín ónæmra pneumókokka |
title_short |
Faraldsfræði penicillín ónæmra pneumókokka |
title_full |
Faraldsfræði penicillín ónæmra pneumókokka |
title_fullStr |
Faraldsfræði penicillín ónæmra pneumókokka |
title_full_unstemmed |
Faraldsfræði penicillín ónæmra pneumókokka |
title_sort |
faraldsfræði penicillín ónæmra pneumókokka |
publisher |
Læknafélag Íslands, Læknafélag Reykjavíkur |
publishDate |
2009 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/2336/67294 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(29.443,29.443,69.896,69.896) |
geographic |
Smella |
geographic_facet |
Smella |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_relation |
http://www.laeknabladid.is Læknablaðið 1996, 82(1):9-16, 18-9 0023-7213 http://hdl.handle.net/2336/67294 Læknablaðið |
_version_ |
1766037039974711296 |