Adhesion molecule increases in sleep apnea: beneficial effect of positive airway pressure and moderation by obesity.

• Published in: International Journal of Obesity
• Main Authors: Pak, V M, Keenan, B T, Jackson, N, Grandner, M A, Maislin, G, Teff, K, Schwab, R J, Arnardottir, E S, Júlíusson, S, Benediktsdottir, B, Gislason, T, Pack, A I
• Other Authors: Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA 2 Biobehavioral Research Center, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. 2Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. 3Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. 41 Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA 2 Division of Sleep Medicine/Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. 5Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA. 61 University of Iceland, Medical Faculty, Reykjavik, Iceland 2 Landspitali-The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Nature 2015
• Subjects: Kæfisvefn; Offita; Cell Adhesion Molecules; Obesity/complications; Sleep Apnea; Obstructive; Iceland
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/2336/346707; https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2014.123

To access publisher's full text version of this article click on the hyperlink at the bottom of the page Elevated levels of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) may contribute to cardiovascular disease and are associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and obesity. The relationship between OSA and obesity in determining ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 levels, and the effect of treatment, is unclear. Our aim was to study whether positive airway pressure (PAP) usage resulted in changes in ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 after 2 years within 309 OSA patients from the Icelandic Sleep Apnea Cohort, and determine how obesity affected such changes. The mean body mass index (BMI) was 32.4±5.1 kg m(-)(2); subjects had moderate-to-severe OSA (apnea-hypopnea index=45.0±20.2) and 79% were male. There were 177 full PAP users (⩾4 h per night and ⩾20 of last 28 nights), 44 partial (<4 h per night or <20 nights) and 88 nonusers. ICAM-1 (P<0.001) and VCAM-1 (P=0.012) change was significantly different among the PAP groups. The largest ICAM-1 differences were among the most obese subjects (P<0.001). At follow-up, nonusers had increased ICAM-1 compared with decreased levels in full users. All groups had increased VCAM-1, but nonusers had a significantly larger increase than full users. Within moderate-to-severe OSA patients, PAP usage prevents increases in adhesion molecules observed in nonusers after 2 years. For ICAM-1, the largest effect is in the most obese subjects. As OSA and obesity commonly coexist, the usage of PAP to limit increases in adhesion molecules may decrease the rate of progression of OSA-related cardiovascular disease. Eimskip Fund of the University of Iceland, Landspitali University Hospital Research Fund.