An epidemiological study of ADHD symptoms among young persons and the relationship with cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and illicit drug use.
To access publisher full text version of this article. Please click on the hyperlink in Additional Links field. This study investigates the relationship between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and cigarette smoking, alcohol use and illicit drug use. The participants were 10,...
Published in: | Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry |
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/2336/299253 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02489.x |
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ftlandspitaliuni:oai:www.hirsla.lsh.is:2336/299253 2023-05-15T16:48:44+02:00 An epidemiological study of ADHD symptoms among young persons and the relationship with cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and illicit drug use. Gudjonsson, Gisli H Sigurdsson, Jon Fridrik Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora Young, Susan King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK. 2013-08-20 http://hdl.handle.net/2336/299253 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02489.x en eng Wiley-Blackwell http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02489.x J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2012, 53(3):304-12 1469-7610 22066497 doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02489.x http://hdl.handle.net/2336/299253 Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines Archived with thanks to Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines National Consortium - Landsaðgangur Adolescent Alcohol Drinking Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity Female Humans Iceland Male Odds Ratio Questionnaires Risk Factors Smoking Street Drugs Substance-Related Disorders Article 2013 ftlandspitaliuni https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02489.x 2022-05-29T08:21:51Z To access publisher full text version of this article. Please click on the hyperlink in Additional Links field. This study investigates the relationship between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and cigarette smoking, alcohol use and illicit drug use. The participants were 10,987 pupils in the final three years of their compulsory education in Iceland (ages 14-16 years). The participants completed questionnaires in class relating to anxiety, depression and antiestablishment attitudes, ADHD symptoms, smoking, alcohol consumption and illicit drug use. Of the total sample, 5.4% met screening criteria for ADHD. Smoking, alcohol and illicit drug use were significantly related to ADHD symptoms. In addition, the number of different illicit drugs consumed was significantly higher among the ADHD symptomatic than the nonsymptomatic participants, including the illicit use of sedatives. The main distinguishing illicit drug substances were lysergic acid diethylamide (odds ratio or OR = 8.0), cocaine (OR = 7.5), mushrooms (OR = 7.1) and amphetamines (OR = 6.5). Logistic multiple regressions showed that after controlling for gender and school grade, ADHD symptoms predicted smoking, alcohol use and illicit drug use independent of anxiety, depression and antiestablishment attitudes. In addition, poly-substance use was linearly and incrementally related to ADHD symptoms with a large effect size. The findings underscore the vulnerability of young persons with ADHD symptoms to smoking, alcohol and illicit drug use, possibly as a means of self-medication, and emphasize a need for early identification and treatment to reduce the risk of escalation. Janssen-Cilag Shire Novatis Eli-Lilly Flynn-Pharma Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland Hirsla - Landspítali University Hospital research archive Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 53 3 304 312 |
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Open Polar |
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Hirsla - Landspítali University Hospital research archive |
op_collection_id |
ftlandspitaliuni |
language |
English |
topic |
Adolescent Alcohol Drinking Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity Female Humans Iceland Male Odds Ratio Questionnaires Risk Factors Smoking Street Drugs Substance-Related Disorders |
spellingShingle |
Adolescent Alcohol Drinking Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity Female Humans Iceland Male Odds Ratio Questionnaires Risk Factors Smoking Street Drugs Substance-Related Disorders Gudjonsson, Gisli H Sigurdsson, Jon Fridrik Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora Young, Susan An epidemiological study of ADHD symptoms among young persons and the relationship with cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and illicit drug use. |
topic_facet |
Adolescent Alcohol Drinking Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity Female Humans Iceland Male Odds Ratio Questionnaires Risk Factors Smoking Street Drugs Substance-Related Disorders |
description |
To access publisher full text version of this article. Please click on the hyperlink in Additional Links field. This study investigates the relationship between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and cigarette smoking, alcohol use and illicit drug use. The participants were 10,987 pupils in the final three years of their compulsory education in Iceland (ages 14-16 years). The participants completed questionnaires in class relating to anxiety, depression and antiestablishment attitudes, ADHD symptoms, smoking, alcohol consumption and illicit drug use. Of the total sample, 5.4% met screening criteria for ADHD. Smoking, alcohol and illicit drug use were significantly related to ADHD symptoms. In addition, the number of different illicit drugs consumed was significantly higher among the ADHD symptomatic than the nonsymptomatic participants, including the illicit use of sedatives. The main distinguishing illicit drug substances were lysergic acid diethylamide (odds ratio or OR = 8.0), cocaine (OR = 7.5), mushrooms (OR = 7.1) and amphetamines (OR = 6.5). Logistic multiple regressions showed that after controlling for gender and school grade, ADHD symptoms predicted smoking, alcohol use and illicit drug use independent of anxiety, depression and antiestablishment attitudes. In addition, poly-substance use was linearly and incrementally related to ADHD symptoms with a large effect size. The findings underscore the vulnerability of young persons with ADHD symptoms to smoking, alcohol and illicit drug use, possibly as a means of self-medication, and emphasize a need for early identification and treatment to reduce the risk of escalation. Janssen-Cilag Shire Novatis Eli-Lilly Flynn-Pharma |
author2 |
King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Gudjonsson, Gisli H Sigurdsson, Jon Fridrik Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora Young, Susan |
author_facet |
Gudjonsson, Gisli H Sigurdsson, Jon Fridrik Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora Young, Susan |
author_sort |
Gudjonsson, Gisli H |
title |
An epidemiological study of ADHD symptoms among young persons and the relationship with cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and illicit drug use. |
title_short |
An epidemiological study of ADHD symptoms among young persons and the relationship with cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and illicit drug use. |
title_full |
An epidemiological study of ADHD symptoms among young persons and the relationship with cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and illicit drug use. |
title_fullStr |
An epidemiological study of ADHD symptoms among young persons and the relationship with cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and illicit drug use. |
title_full_unstemmed |
An epidemiological study of ADHD symptoms among young persons and the relationship with cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and illicit drug use. |
title_sort |
epidemiological study of adhd symptoms among young persons and the relationship with cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and illicit drug use. |
publisher |
Wiley-Blackwell |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/2336/299253 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02489.x |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_relation |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02489.x J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2012, 53(3):304-12 1469-7610 22066497 doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02489.x http://hdl.handle.net/2336/299253 Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines |
op_rights |
Archived with thanks to Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines National Consortium - Landsaðgangur |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02489.x |
container_title |
Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry |
container_volume |
53 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
304 |
op_container_end_page |
312 |
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1766038827558764544 |