Evolving epidemiology of invasive Haemophilus infections in the post-vaccination era: results from a long-term population-based study.
Historically, Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) serotype b (Hib) caused most invasive Haemophilus infections worldwide, mainly in children. In 1989 routine childhood vaccination against Hib was initiated in Iceland. We conducted a population-based study of all patients in the country with Haemophilus spp....
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ftlandspitaliuni:oai:www.hirsla.lsh.is:2336/295201 2023-05-15T16:48:44+02:00 Evolving epidemiology of invasive Haemophilus infections in the post-vaccination era: results from a long-term population-based study. Berndsen, M R Erlendsdóttir, H Gottfredsson, M Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland. 2013-07-04 http://hdl.handle.net/2336/295201 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03700.x en eng http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03700.x Clin Microbiol Infect 2012, 18(9):918-23 1469-0691 22070637 doi:10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03700.x http://hdl.handle.net/2336/295201 Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Archived with thanks to Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases National Consortium - Landsaðgangur Adolescent Adult Aged Child Preschool Haemophilus Infections Haemophilus Vaccines Haemophilus influenzae Humans Iceland Incidence Infant Mass Vaccination Meningitis Haemophilus Middle Aged Pneumonia Bacterial Retrospective Studies Risk Factors Article 2013 ftlandspitaliuni https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03700.x 2022-05-29T08:21:51Z Historically, Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) serotype b (Hib) caused most invasive Haemophilus infections worldwide, mainly in children. In 1989 routine childhood vaccination against Hib was initiated in Iceland. We conducted a population-based study of all patients in the country with Haemophilus spp. isolated from sterile sites (n = 202), from 1983 to 2008. Epidemiology, clinical characteristics of the infections and serotypes of the isolates were compared during the pre-vaccination (1983-1989) and post-vaccination era (1990-2008). Following the vaccination, the overall incidence of Hib decreased from 6.4 to 0.3/100,000 per year (p <0.05) whereas the incidence did not change significantly for infections caused by Haemophilus sensu lato not serotype b, hereafter referred to as non-type b Hi (0.9 vs 1.2, respectively). The most frequent diagnosis prior to 1990 was meningitis caused by Hib, which was subsequently replaced by pneumonia and bacteraemia caused by non-type b Hi. Most commonly, non-type b Hi were non-typeable (NTHi; 40/59), followed by Hi serotype f (14/59) and Hi serotype a (3/59). Pregnancy was associated with a markedly increased susceptibility to invasive Haemophilus infections (RR 25.7; 95% CI 8.0-95.9, p <0.0001) compared with non-pregnant women. The case fatality rate for Hib was 2.4% but 14% for non-type b Hi, highest at the extremes of age. Hib vaccination gives young children excellent protection and decreases incidence in the elderly due to herd effect in the community. Replacement with other species or serotypes has not been noted. Pregnant women are an overlooked risk group. Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland Hirsla - Landspítali University Hospital research archive Clinical Microbiology and Infection 18 9 918 923 |
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Open Polar |
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Hirsla - Landspítali University Hospital research archive |
op_collection_id |
ftlandspitaliuni |
language |
English |
topic |
Adolescent Adult Aged Child Preschool Haemophilus Infections Haemophilus Vaccines Haemophilus influenzae Humans Iceland Incidence Infant Mass Vaccination Meningitis Haemophilus Middle Aged Pneumonia Bacterial Retrospective Studies Risk Factors |
spellingShingle |
Adolescent Adult Aged Child Preschool Haemophilus Infections Haemophilus Vaccines Haemophilus influenzae Humans Iceland Incidence Infant Mass Vaccination Meningitis Haemophilus Middle Aged Pneumonia Bacterial Retrospective Studies Risk Factors Berndsen, M R Erlendsdóttir, H Gottfredsson, M Evolving epidemiology of invasive Haemophilus infections in the post-vaccination era: results from a long-term population-based study. |
topic_facet |
Adolescent Adult Aged Child Preschool Haemophilus Infections Haemophilus Vaccines Haemophilus influenzae Humans Iceland Incidence Infant Mass Vaccination Meningitis Haemophilus Middle Aged Pneumonia Bacterial Retrospective Studies Risk Factors |
description |
Historically, Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) serotype b (Hib) caused most invasive Haemophilus infections worldwide, mainly in children. In 1989 routine childhood vaccination against Hib was initiated in Iceland. We conducted a population-based study of all patients in the country with Haemophilus spp. isolated from sterile sites (n = 202), from 1983 to 2008. Epidemiology, clinical characteristics of the infections and serotypes of the isolates were compared during the pre-vaccination (1983-1989) and post-vaccination era (1990-2008). Following the vaccination, the overall incidence of Hib decreased from 6.4 to 0.3/100,000 per year (p <0.05) whereas the incidence did not change significantly for infections caused by Haemophilus sensu lato not serotype b, hereafter referred to as non-type b Hi (0.9 vs 1.2, respectively). The most frequent diagnosis prior to 1990 was meningitis caused by Hib, which was subsequently replaced by pneumonia and bacteraemia caused by non-type b Hi. Most commonly, non-type b Hi were non-typeable (NTHi; 40/59), followed by Hi serotype f (14/59) and Hi serotype a (3/59). Pregnancy was associated with a markedly increased susceptibility to invasive Haemophilus infections (RR 25.7; 95% CI 8.0-95.9, p <0.0001) compared with non-pregnant women. The case fatality rate for Hib was 2.4% but 14% for non-type b Hi, highest at the extremes of age. Hib vaccination gives young children excellent protection and decreases incidence in the elderly due to herd effect in the community. Replacement with other species or serotypes has not been noted. Pregnant women are an overlooked risk group. |
author2 |
Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Berndsen, M R Erlendsdóttir, H Gottfredsson, M |
author_facet |
Berndsen, M R Erlendsdóttir, H Gottfredsson, M |
author_sort |
Berndsen, M R |
title |
Evolving epidemiology of invasive Haemophilus infections in the post-vaccination era: results from a long-term population-based study. |
title_short |
Evolving epidemiology of invasive Haemophilus infections in the post-vaccination era: results from a long-term population-based study. |
title_full |
Evolving epidemiology of invasive Haemophilus infections in the post-vaccination era: results from a long-term population-based study. |
title_fullStr |
Evolving epidemiology of invasive Haemophilus infections in the post-vaccination era: results from a long-term population-based study. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Evolving epidemiology of invasive Haemophilus infections in the post-vaccination era: results from a long-term population-based study. |
title_sort |
evolving epidemiology of invasive haemophilus infections in the post-vaccination era: results from a long-term population-based study. |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/2336/295201 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03700.x |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_relation |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03700.x Clin Microbiol Infect 2012, 18(9):918-23 1469-0691 22070637 doi:10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03700.x http://hdl.handle.net/2336/295201 Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases |
op_rights |
Archived with thanks to Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases National Consortium - Landsaðgangur |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03700.x |
container_title |
Clinical Microbiology and Infection |
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18 |
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9 |
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918 |
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923 |
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1766038827227414528 |