Clinical manifestation, prevalence and prognosis of sarcoid arthropathy. A nationwide study: the Icelandic Sarcoidosis Study

• Main Authors: Petursdottir, Dyrleif, Haraldsdottir, Sigridur O, Gislason, Thorarinn, Gudbjornsson, Bjorn
• Other Authors: Centre for Rheumatology Research, Landspitali-University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland.
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Casa Editrice Mattioli 2008
• Subjects: Sarcoidosis; Arthritis; Iceland
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/2336/29462

STUDY OBJECTIVE: The Icelandic Sarcoidosis Study (ISS) contains all tissue-verified cases of sarcoidosis in Iceland since 1981. The present study has extended registration and verification to the start of 2004, thus covering over 23 years and a total of 234 cases. The aim of this study was to elucidate the prevalence, clinical manifestation and long-term prognosis of sarcoid arthritis in this unselected nationwide cohort. The presence of joint or muscle symptoms was registered in 20% of these cases. METHODS: We used a questionnaire to register the lung and joint symptoms and all participants were offered a clinical evaluation with standardized interview and physical examination, including a count of the number of painful and/or inflamed joints. RESULTS: Forty-seven (20%) of the 234 individuals in the ISS reported skeletal symptoms. In thirty-nine cases (17%) it was possible to confirm a history of inflammatory joint disorder. The mean age was 45 years: women 46 years (30-66), men 43 years (28-66). In 82% of the cases one or both ankles were involved. In 22 or 56% of the cases (13 female and 9 male) reliable data on the disease course were obtained; 87% of the patients had full recovery in less than 6 months, while 13% of the patients (all female) experienced chronic arthritic disease. CONCLUSIONS: Our nationwide-based data confirmed that around a fifth of all those diagnosed with sarcoidosis will develop joint symptoms associated with their sarcoidosis, most usually in the ankle. The prognosis is favourable, but a subgroup of female patients may develop chronic polyarthritis. It is urgent to study further in detail the risk factors for a chronic arthritic condition in sarcoidosis; thus, it would be possible to offer those at risk of arthritis modifying anti-rheumatic treatment in the early phase of their disease course.