Ónæmi fyrir kínólónum hjá Gram neikvæðum stöfum á Íslandi og tengsl við sýklalyfjanotkun

• Main Authors: Kristín Jónsdóttir, Karl G. Kristinsson
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: Icelandic
• Published: Læknafélag Íslands, Læknafélag Reykjavíkur 2008
• Subjects: Lyfjanotkun; Sýklalyf; Ónæmi; Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Child; Preschool; Ciprofloxacin; Drug Resistance; Bacterial; Drug Utilization; Escherichia coli; Female; Fluoroquinolones; Gram-Negative Aerobic Rods and Cocci; Gram-Negative Facultatively Anaerobic Rods; Iceland; Infant; Newborn; Klebsiella; Male; Middle Aged; Proteus; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Time Factors; Smella
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/2336/29343

Neðst á síðunni er hægt að nálgast greinina í heild sinni með því að smella á hlekkinn View/Open OBJECTIVE: Fluoroquinolones are bacteriocidal drugs that are widely used to treat severe urinary and respiratory tract infections. Studies show that resistance to fluoroquinolones is continuously increasing both in Europe and the United States. The purpose of this study was to measure the frequency of fluoroquinolone resistance in the most prevalent Gram negative rods and look at the correlation with fluoroquinolone use over the last 8 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All strains of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp., Proteus sp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa identified from clinical specimens at the Department of Clinical Microbiology at the Landspitali University Hospital (LUH) during the time period 1.11.2006 to 31.1.2007. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by disc diffusion tests and all strains were tested for ciprofloxacin susceptibility. Antibiotic resistance data for the last years were collected from the reports of the Department of Clinical Microbiology, but ciprofloxacin susceptibility was usually only tested for specimens from hospitalised patients and when there was resistance to two or more antimicrobial agents. Data on antibiotic use/sales was obtained from the State Epidemiologist at the Directorate of Health. RESULTS: Of the 1861 strains tested, 104 fluoroquinolone resistant strains were identified during the study period, including 91 E. coli (87%), 8 Klebsiella sp. (8%) and 5 P. aeruginosa (5%). No fluoroquinolone resistant Proteus sp. was identified. There was a significant positive correlation between fluoroquinolone use and the frequency of resistant strains of E. coli and Enterobacteriaceae. The frequency of resistant E. coli strains was 6% and it differed significantly between age groups (p >0.001) and sex, 6% for females and 11% for males (p = 0.015). The ratio of fluoroquinolone resistant E. coli was highest in the LUH and homes for the elderly. CONCLUSION: The frequency of ...