Use of antimicrobials and carriage of penicillin-resistant pneumococci in children : repeated cross-sectional studies covering 10 years [PhD Thesis]
Neðst á síðunni er hægt að nálgast ritgerðina í heild sinni með því að smella á hlekkinn View/Open Objectives: The overall aim of this thesis was to analyse the use of antimicrobials in pre-school children in Iceland and the connection between such use and the carriage of penicillin-nonsusceptible p...
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Háskólaútgáfan
2007
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ftlandspitaliuni:oai:www.hirsla.lsh.is:2336/11250 2023-05-15T16:47:14+02:00 Use of antimicrobials and carriage of penicillin-resistant pneumococci in children : repeated cross-sectional studies covering 10 years [PhD Thesis] Notkun sýklalyfja og beratíðni penicillín ónæmra pneumókokka hjá börnum: endurteknar þversniðsrannsóknir á 10 ára tímabili [Drg] Vilhjálmur Ari Arason 2007-04-22 3961119 bytes 2053462 bytes application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/2336/11250 en eng Háskólaútgáfan Vilhjálmur Ari Arason. Use of antimicrobials and carriage of penicillin-resistant pneumococci in children : repeated cross-sectional studies covering 10 years. Reykjavík: Háskólaútgáfan, 2006. 9979701579 (ób.) 9789979701576 (ób.) 9979701870 (rafræn útg.) (e-version) 9789979701873 (rafræn útg.) (e-version) http://hdl.handle.net/2336/11250 openAccess Open Access Sýklalyf Börn Eyrnabólga Doktorsritgerðir Lyfjanotkun Ísland Heimilislækningar Dissertations Academic Penicillins Iceland Child Health Services Prescriptions Drug Anti-Infective Agents Otitis Media Infant Child Preschool Pneumococcal Infections Primary Health Care Prevalence Middle Ear Ventilation Penicillin Resistance Microbiology Anti-Bacterial Agents Thesis 2007 ftlandspitaliuni 2022-05-29T08:20:57Z Neðst á síðunni er hægt að nálgast ritgerðina í heild sinni með því að smella á hlekkinn View/Open Objectives: The overall aim of this thesis was to analyse the use of antimicrobials in pre-school children in Iceland and the connection between such use and the carriage of penicillin-nonsusceptible pneumococci(PNSP). Study populations and methods: Prescription data and medical histories from 2,612 children, aged 1 to 6 years, living in different geographically welldefined study areas in Iceland, and nasopharyngeal specimens from 2,486 children were analysed in three crosssectional studies covering 10 years (Phase I 1993, II 1998, and III 2003). Participation varied from 75% to 88%. Annual analysis of oral antimicrobial sales/prescriptions for whole communities (hospital use excluded) were based on 22,132 prescriptions in 1993, and 15,153 in 1998. Main outcome measures: The prevalence and risk factors for nasopharyngeal carriage of PNSP, total antimicrobial use, antimicrobial use for acute otitis media (AOM), parental expectations and tympanostomy tube placements. Results: • Antimicrobial prescription rates among GPs diminished by about 1/3 over the study period. Prescription habits varied greatly between communites especially because of AOM. • Parents’ expectations of antimicrobial prescriptions were associated with the antimicrobial prescription rate in each area. • The cumulative prevalence of tympanostomy tube placement among pre-school children is high in Iceland (over 30%). In vi areas where the prescription rate was high, broad-spectrum antimicrobials were prescribed relatively more often than in other areas, and the tympanostomy tube placement rate was increasing (up to 44% of all children). In other areas, tympanostomy tube rate among children deceased (down to 17%) at the same time as antimicrobial use for AOM diminished. • There was a strong association between antimicrobial use on the individual level and the nasopharyngeal carriage of PNSP. • PNSP, multiresistant, serotype 6B (phenotypically ... Thesis Iceland Hirsla - Landspítali University Hospital research archive Smella ENVELOPE(29.443,29.443,69.896,69.896) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Hirsla - Landspítali University Hospital research archive |
op_collection_id |
ftlandspitaliuni |
language |
English |
topic |
Sýklalyf Börn Eyrnabólga Doktorsritgerðir Lyfjanotkun Ísland Heimilislækningar Dissertations Academic Penicillins Iceland Child Health Services Prescriptions Drug Anti-Infective Agents Otitis Media Infant Child Preschool Pneumococcal Infections Primary Health Care Prevalence Middle Ear Ventilation Penicillin Resistance Microbiology Anti-Bacterial Agents |
spellingShingle |
Sýklalyf Börn Eyrnabólga Doktorsritgerðir Lyfjanotkun Ísland Heimilislækningar Dissertations Academic Penicillins Iceland Child Health Services Prescriptions Drug Anti-Infective Agents Otitis Media Infant Child Preschool Pneumococcal Infections Primary Health Care Prevalence Middle Ear Ventilation Penicillin Resistance Microbiology Anti-Bacterial Agents Vilhjálmur Ari Arason Use of antimicrobials and carriage of penicillin-resistant pneumococci in children : repeated cross-sectional studies covering 10 years [PhD Thesis] |
topic_facet |
Sýklalyf Börn Eyrnabólga Doktorsritgerðir Lyfjanotkun Ísland Heimilislækningar Dissertations Academic Penicillins Iceland Child Health Services Prescriptions Drug Anti-Infective Agents Otitis Media Infant Child Preschool Pneumococcal Infections Primary Health Care Prevalence Middle Ear Ventilation Penicillin Resistance Microbiology Anti-Bacterial Agents |
description |
Neðst á síðunni er hægt að nálgast ritgerðina í heild sinni með því að smella á hlekkinn View/Open Objectives: The overall aim of this thesis was to analyse the use of antimicrobials in pre-school children in Iceland and the connection between such use and the carriage of penicillin-nonsusceptible pneumococci(PNSP). Study populations and methods: Prescription data and medical histories from 2,612 children, aged 1 to 6 years, living in different geographically welldefined study areas in Iceland, and nasopharyngeal specimens from 2,486 children were analysed in three crosssectional studies covering 10 years (Phase I 1993, II 1998, and III 2003). Participation varied from 75% to 88%. Annual analysis of oral antimicrobial sales/prescriptions for whole communities (hospital use excluded) were based on 22,132 prescriptions in 1993, and 15,153 in 1998. Main outcome measures: The prevalence and risk factors for nasopharyngeal carriage of PNSP, total antimicrobial use, antimicrobial use for acute otitis media (AOM), parental expectations and tympanostomy tube placements. Results: • Antimicrobial prescription rates among GPs diminished by about 1/3 over the study period. Prescription habits varied greatly between communites especially because of AOM. • Parents’ expectations of antimicrobial prescriptions were associated with the antimicrobial prescription rate in each area. • The cumulative prevalence of tympanostomy tube placement among pre-school children is high in Iceland (over 30%). In vi areas where the prescription rate was high, broad-spectrum antimicrobials were prescribed relatively more often than in other areas, and the tympanostomy tube placement rate was increasing (up to 44% of all children). In other areas, tympanostomy tube rate among children deceased (down to 17%) at the same time as antimicrobial use for AOM diminished. • There was a strong association between antimicrobial use on the individual level and the nasopharyngeal carriage of PNSP. • PNSP, multiresistant, serotype 6B (phenotypically ... |
format |
Thesis |
author |
Vilhjálmur Ari Arason |
author_facet |
Vilhjálmur Ari Arason |
author_sort |
Vilhjálmur Ari Arason |
title |
Use of antimicrobials and carriage of penicillin-resistant pneumococci in children : repeated cross-sectional studies covering 10 years [PhD Thesis] |
title_short |
Use of antimicrobials and carriage of penicillin-resistant pneumococci in children : repeated cross-sectional studies covering 10 years [PhD Thesis] |
title_full |
Use of antimicrobials and carriage of penicillin-resistant pneumococci in children : repeated cross-sectional studies covering 10 years [PhD Thesis] |
title_fullStr |
Use of antimicrobials and carriage of penicillin-resistant pneumococci in children : repeated cross-sectional studies covering 10 years [PhD Thesis] |
title_full_unstemmed |
Use of antimicrobials and carriage of penicillin-resistant pneumococci in children : repeated cross-sectional studies covering 10 years [PhD Thesis] |
title_sort |
use of antimicrobials and carriage of penicillin-resistant pneumococci in children : repeated cross-sectional studies covering 10 years [phd thesis] |
publisher |
Háskólaútgáfan |
publishDate |
2007 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/2336/11250 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(29.443,29.443,69.896,69.896) |
geographic |
Smella |
geographic_facet |
Smella |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_relation |
Vilhjálmur Ari Arason. Use of antimicrobials and carriage of penicillin-resistant pneumococci in children : repeated cross-sectional studies covering 10 years. Reykjavík: Háskólaútgáfan, 2006. 9979701579 (ób.) 9789979701576 (ób.) 9979701870 (rafræn útg.) (e-version) 9789979701873 (rafræn útg.) (e-version) http://hdl.handle.net/2336/11250 |
op_rights |
openAccess Open Access |
_version_ |
1766037309132636160 |