Orsakir og tíðni yfirliða : ferilrannsókn um eins árs skeið

• Main Authors: Vilhelmína Haraldsdóttir, Jóhann Ragnarsson
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: Icelandic
• Published: Læknafélag Íslands, Læknafélag Reykjavíkur 2010
• Subjects: Yfirlið; Meðvitundarleysi; Syncope; Prospective Studies; Iceland; Valda; Merki; Hjarta; Smella
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/2336/104502

Neðst á síðunni er hægt að nálgast greinina í heild sinni með því að smella á hlekkinn Skoða/Opna(view/open) A prospective study, investigating the cause and the frequency of syncopal attacks, was carried out at the Reykjavik City Hospital, spanning one year. All patients with syncope, coming or brought to the emergency department, were included. This is the only emergency department in the Greater Reykjavik area, serving over 100.000 inhabitants. A total of 113 syncopal episodes were observed in 111 patients. Their mean age was 52.9 years (range 10-91 years). The distribution between men and women was even. Vasovagal syncope or hyperventilation was the most common cause of syncope (32%) and the patients in this category were significantly younger (39.6 years) than the rest of the study population. Orthostatic hypotension was the second most common cause of syncope and the mean age was significantly higher, or 64.8 years. Cardiovascular causes were identified in 10% of the patients, mean age 63.4 years. Our results are similar to the results in two other recent large studies on syncope. A thorough history and physical examination was the single most important factor in finding the underlying cause of a syncopal attack, identifying 80% of those with known cause. 24 hour Holter monitoring was the second most helpful tool in our experience. We recommend that Holter monitoring should be obtained in all middle-aged or elderly patients with syncopal attacks, where the cause is unknown. Yfirlið er afar algengt fyrirbæri og er talið að mikill meirihluti fólks falli í yfirlið einhvern tíma á lífsleiðinni (1, 2). Þetta sýnir að yfirlið er ekki sjúkdómur heldur einkenni, sem getur verið merki um alvarlegan sjúkdóm, þó svo þurfi ekki að vera (3). Helstu orsakir yfirliða eru hvatning skreyjutaugar (vasovagal yfirlið) og sjúkdómar í hjarta, sem valda annað hvort truflun á hjartslætti eða minnkuðu blóðflæði frá hjarta. Sjúkdómar í miðtaugakerfi geta og valdið yfirliði. Blóðþrýstingsfall í standandi stöðu (orthostatisk ...