Ice load measurements on Rätan concrete dam using different sensor types
Concrete dams in cold regions are designed to withstand loads from the ice sheet on top of the reservoir. However, the ice load's magnitude and return period are among the most considerable uncertainties in safety assessments of concrete dams. In a previous study, the development and installati...
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ftkthstockholm:oai:DiVA.org:kth-303904 2023-05-15T16:40:34+02:00 Ice load measurements on Rätan concrete dam using different sensor types Hellgren, Rikard Petrich, Chris Arntsen, Bård Malm, Richard 2021 application/pdf http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-303904 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2021.103425 eng eng KTH, Betongbyggnad Cold Regions Science and Technology, 0165-232X, 2021, s. 103425-103425 orcid:0000-0003-2594-4107 orcid:0000-0002-7620-7839 orcid:0000-0003-3586-8988 http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-303904 doi:10.1016/j.coldregions.2021.103425 ISI:000721725100002 Scopus 2-s2.0-85117401515 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Ice load Concrete dam Load panel Stress cells Ice pressure. Ice thickness Civil Engineering Samhällsbyggnadsteknik Article in journal info:eu-repo/semantics/article text 2021 ftkthstockholm https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2021.103425 2022-08-11T12:35:44Z Concrete dams in cold regions are designed to withstand loads from the ice sheet on top of the reservoir. However, the ice load's magnitude and return period are among the most considerable uncertainties in safety assessments of concrete dams. In a previous study, the development and installation of a 1 × 3 m2 prototype ice load panel attached at the upstream face of a concrete dam was presented. The panel is large enough for the ice sheet's cross-section to remain in contact with the panel as the water level varies, and it measures the total ice load without interpolation. This paper presents measurement results from the load panel from winters 2018–19 and 2019–20, an update to the measurement design, and additional ice pressure measurements with traditional stress cells. The panel measured seasonal maximum ice loads of 100 and 200 kN/m for the two winters, respectively. Winter 2019–20, when the panel measured the largest loads, was mild for the location, with great ice thickness near the dam face (1.2 m) and an almost snow-free ice sheet throughout the winter. Two 2.75 × 1.75 m2 dummy panels were installed adjacent to the load panel prior to the winter 2019–20 to minimize the load panel's protruding effect. These panels significantly reduced the local impact, as evident by the crack-pattern of the ice sheet near the load panel. The load panel recorded large ice loads (>75 kN/m) for all combinations with increasing/decreasing air temperature and/or water level. Identification of temperature change events and water level change events during the winters, shows that a change in air temperature, water level, or any combination of these, is not sufficient alone to explain large ice loads at Rätan dam. These findings suggest that other conditions must be satisfied before a water level or temperature change results in large ice loads. In February 2020, three panels consisting of a steel frame with four stress cells on each were placed on the dummy panels’ upstream face, and one single stress cell was placed 6 m ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Ice Sheet Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm: KTHs Publication Database DiVA Cold Regions Science and Technology 193 103425 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm: KTHs Publication Database DiVA |
op_collection_id |
ftkthstockholm |
language |
English |
topic |
Ice load Concrete dam Load panel Stress cells Ice pressure. Ice thickness Civil Engineering Samhällsbyggnadsteknik |
spellingShingle |
Ice load Concrete dam Load panel Stress cells Ice pressure. Ice thickness Civil Engineering Samhällsbyggnadsteknik Hellgren, Rikard Petrich, Chris Arntsen, Bård Malm, Richard Ice load measurements on Rätan concrete dam using different sensor types |
topic_facet |
Ice load Concrete dam Load panel Stress cells Ice pressure. Ice thickness Civil Engineering Samhällsbyggnadsteknik |
description |
Concrete dams in cold regions are designed to withstand loads from the ice sheet on top of the reservoir. However, the ice load's magnitude and return period are among the most considerable uncertainties in safety assessments of concrete dams. In a previous study, the development and installation of a 1 × 3 m2 prototype ice load panel attached at the upstream face of a concrete dam was presented. The panel is large enough for the ice sheet's cross-section to remain in contact with the panel as the water level varies, and it measures the total ice load without interpolation. This paper presents measurement results from the load panel from winters 2018–19 and 2019–20, an update to the measurement design, and additional ice pressure measurements with traditional stress cells. The panel measured seasonal maximum ice loads of 100 and 200 kN/m for the two winters, respectively. Winter 2019–20, when the panel measured the largest loads, was mild for the location, with great ice thickness near the dam face (1.2 m) and an almost snow-free ice sheet throughout the winter. Two 2.75 × 1.75 m2 dummy panels were installed adjacent to the load panel prior to the winter 2019–20 to minimize the load panel's protruding effect. These panels significantly reduced the local impact, as evident by the crack-pattern of the ice sheet near the load panel. The load panel recorded large ice loads (>75 kN/m) for all combinations with increasing/decreasing air temperature and/or water level. Identification of temperature change events and water level change events during the winters, shows that a change in air temperature, water level, or any combination of these, is not sufficient alone to explain large ice loads at Rätan dam. These findings suggest that other conditions must be satisfied before a water level or temperature change results in large ice loads. In February 2020, three panels consisting of a steel frame with four stress cells on each were placed on the dummy panels’ upstream face, and one single stress cell was placed 6 m ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hellgren, Rikard Petrich, Chris Arntsen, Bård Malm, Richard |
author_facet |
Hellgren, Rikard Petrich, Chris Arntsen, Bård Malm, Richard |
author_sort |
Hellgren, Rikard |
title |
Ice load measurements on Rätan concrete dam using different sensor types |
title_short |
Ice load measurements on Rätan concrete dam using different sensor types |
title_full |
Ice load measurements on Rätan concrete dam using different sensor types |
title_fullStr |
Ice load measurements on Rätan concrete dam using different sensor types |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ice load measurements on Rätan concrete dam using different sensor types |
title_sort |
ice load measurements on rätan concrete dam using different sensor types |
publisher |
KTH, Betongbyggnad |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-303904 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2021.103425 |
genre |
Ice Sheet |
genre_facet |
Ice Sheet |
op_relation |
Cold Regions Science and Technology, 0165-232X, 2021, s. 103425-103425 orcid:0000-0003-2594-4107 orcid:0000-0002-7620-7839 orcid:0000-0003-3586-8988 http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-303904 doi:10.1016/j.coldregions.2021.103425 ISI:000721725100002 Scopus 2-s2.0-85117401515 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2021.103425 |
container_title |
Cold Regions Science and Technology |
container_volume |
193 |
container_start_page |
103425 |
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1766030969444237312 |