Cumulative energetic costs of military aircraft, recreational and natural disturbance in roosting shorebirds
Knowing the consequences of disturbance for multiple species and all disturbance sources is crucial to mitigate disturbance impacts in densely populated areas. However, studies that observe the complete disturbance landscape to estimate cumulative costs of disturbance are scarce. Therefore, we quant...
Published in: | Animal Conservation |
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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2020
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Online Access: | https://pure.knaw.nl/portal/en/publications/8e75e428-f3e9-4ee8-aa21-8904c680313d https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.12546 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11755/8e75e428-f3e9-4ee8-aa21-8904c680313d https://pure.knaw.nl/ws/files/12376747/6851_Kolk_Online.pdf https://pure.knaw.nl/ws/files/38069353/6851_Kolk.pdf |
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ftknawnlpublic:oai:pure.knaw.nl:publications/8e75e428-f3e9-4ee8-aa21-8904c680313d 2024-04-28T08:32:56+00:00 Cumulative energetic costs of military aircraft, recreational and natural disturbance in roosting shorebirds van der Kolk, H. Krijgsveld, K.L. Linssen, H. Diertens, R.J. Dolman, D.D. Jans, M Frauendorf, M. Ens, B.J. Van de Pol, Martijn 2020 application/pdf https://pure.knaw.nl/portal/en/publications/8e75e428-f3e9-4ee8-aa21-8904c680313d https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.12546 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11755/8e75e428-f3e9-4ee8-aa21-8904c680313d https://pure.knaw.nl/ws/files/12376747/6851_Kolk_Online.pdf https://pure.knaw.nl/ws/files/38069353/6851_Kolk.pdf eng eng https://pure.knaw.nl/portal/en/publications/8e75e428-f3e9-4ee8-aa21-8904c680313d info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess van der Kolk , H , Krijgsveld , K L , Linssen , H , Diertens , R J , Dolman , D D , Jans , M , Frauendorf , M , Ens , B J & Van de Pol , M 2020 , ' Cumulative energetic costs of military aircraft, recreational and natural disturbance in roosting shorebirds ' , Animal Conservation , vol. 23 , no. 4 , pp. 359-372 . https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.12546 national Energy Budget High Tide Roost Intertidal Areas Shorebirds Wadden Sea Energetics Disturbance Impacts Disturbance Plan_S-Compliant_TA article 2020 ftknawnlpublic https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.1254620.500.11755/8e75e428-f3e9-4ee8-aa21-8904c680313d 2024-04-04T17:06:13Z Knowing the consequences of disturbance for multiple species and all disturbance sources is crucial to mitigate disturbance impacts in densely populated areas. However, studies that observe the complete disturbance landscape to estimate cumulative costs of disturbance are scarce. Therefore, we quantified responses, frequencies and energetic costs of disturbance of four shorebird species on five high tide roosts in the Wadden Sea. Roosts were located either in a military air force training area or were predominantly affected by recreational disturbance. In the military training area, infrequent transport airplanes and bombing jets elicited the strongest responses, whereas regular, predictable activities of jet fighters and small civil airplanes elicited far smaller responses. Disturbance occurred more frequently at roosts near recreational than near military activities, as recreation was prohibited in the military area during operation days. On average, birds took flight due to military, recreational or natural disturbance (e.g. raptors) 0.20–1.27 times per hour. High tide disturbance increased daily energy expenditure by 0.1%–1.4%, of which 51% was due to anthropogenic disturbance in contrast to natural disturbance. Costs were low for curlews Numenius arquata, oystercatchers Haematopus ostralegus and gulls Larus spp, but higher – and potentially critical – for bar‐tailed godwits Limosa lapponica as they were most susceptible to aircraft and raptors. Given that bar‐tailed godwits have previously been found to be least susceptible to walker disturbances, our results suggest that interspecific differences in susceptibility depend on disturbance source type. In our study area, aircraft disturbance impacts can be reduced by avoiding jet fighter activities during periods when high water levels force birds closer to military targets and by limiting bombing and transport airplane exercises. Article in Journal/Newspaper Numenius arquata KNAW: Research Explorer (Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences) Animal Conservation 23 4 359 372 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
KNAW: Research Explorer (Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences) |
op_collection_id |
ftknawnlpublic |
language |
English |
topic |
national Energy Budget High Tide Roost Intertidal Areas Shorebirds Wadden Sea Energetics Disturbance Impacts Disturbance Plan_S-Compliant_TA |
spellingShingle |
national Energy Budget High Tide Roost Intertidal Areas Shorebirds Wadden Sea Energetics Disturbance Impacts Disturbance Plan_S-Compliant_TA van der Kolk, H. Krijgsveld, K.L. Linssen, H. Diertens, R.J. Dolman, D.D. Jans, M Frauendorf, M. Ens, B.J. Van de Pol, Martijn Cumulative energetic costs of military aircraft, recreational and natural disturbance in roosting shorebirds |
topic_facet |
national Energy Budget High Tide Roost Intertidal Areas Shorebirds Wadden Sea Energetics Disturbance Impacts Disturbance Plan_S-Compliant_TA |
description |
Knowing the consequences of disturbance for multiple species and all disturbance sources is crucial to mitigate disturbance impacts in densely populated areas. However, studies that observe the complete disturbance landscape to estimate cumulative costs of disturbance are scarce. Therefore, we quantified responses, frequencies and energetic costs of disturbance of four shorebird species on five high tide roosts in the Wadden Sea. Roosts were located either in a military air force training area or were predominantly affected by recreational disturbance. In the military training area, infrequent transport airplanes and bombing jets elicited the strongest responses, whereas regular, predictable activities of jet fighters and small civil airplanes elicited far smaller responses. Disturbance occurred more frequently at roosts near recreational than near military activities, as recreation was prohibited in the military area during operation days. On average, birds took flight due to military, recreational or natural disturbance (e.g. raptors) 0.20–1.27 times per hour. High tide disturbance increased daily energy expenditure by 0.1%–1.4%, of which 51% was due to anthropogenic disturbance in contrast to natural disturbance. Costs were low for curlews Numenius arquata, oystercatchers Haematopus ostralegus and gulls Larus spp, but higher – and potentially critical – for bar‐tailed godwits Limosa lapponica as they were most susceptible to aircraft and raptors. Given that bar‐tailed godwits have previously been found to be least susceptible to walker disturbances, our results suggest that interspecific differences in susceptibility depend on disturbance source type. In our study area, aircraft disturbance impacts can be reduced by avoiding jet fighter activities during periods when high water levels force birds closer to military targets and by limiting bombing and transport airplane exercises. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
van der Kolk, H. Krijgsveld, K.L. Linssen, H. Diertens, R.J. Dolman, D.D. Jans, M Frauendorf, M. Ens, B.J. Van de Pol, Martijn |
author_facet |
van der Kolk, H. Krijgsveld, K.L. Linssen, H. Diertens, R.J. Dolman, D.D. Jans, M Frauendorf, M. Ens, B.J. Van de Pol, Martijn |
author_sort |
van der Kolk, H. |
title |
Cumulative energetic costs of military aircraft, recreational and natural disturbance in roosting shorebirds |
title_short |
Cumulative energetic costs of military aircraft, recreational and natural disturbance in roosting shorebirds |
title_full |
Cumulative energetic costs of military aircraft, recreational and natural disturbance in roosting shorebirds |
title_fullStr |
Cumulative energetic costs of military aircraft, recreational and natural disturbance in roosting shorebirds |
title_full_unstemmed |
Cumulative energetic costs of military aircraft, recreational and natural disturbance in roosting shorebirds |
title_sort |
cumulative energetic costs of military aircraft, recreational and natural disturbance in roosting shorebirds |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://pure.knaw.nl/portal/en/publications/8e75e428-f3e9-4ee8-aa21-8904c680313d https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.12546 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11755/8e75e428-f3e9-4ee8-aa21-8904c680313d https://pure.knaw.nl/ws/files/12376747/6851_Kolk_Online.pdf https://pure.knaw.nl/ws/files/38069353/6851_Kolk.pdf |
genre |
Numenius arquata |
genre_facet |
Numenius arquata |
op_source |
van der Kolk , H , Krijgsveld , K L , Linssen , H , Diertens , R J , Dolman , D D , Jans , M , Frauendorf , M , Ens , B J & Van de Pol , M 2020 , ' Cumulative energetic costs of military aircraft, recreational and natural disturbance in roosting shorebirds ' , Animal Conservation , vol. 23 , no. 4 , pp. 359-372 . https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.12546 |
op_relation |
https://pure.knaw.nl/portal/en/publications/8e75e428-f3e9-4ee8-aa21-8904c680313d |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.1254620.500.11755/8e75e428-f3e9-4ee8-aa21-8904c680313d |
container_title |
Animal Conservation |
container_volume |
23 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
359 |
op_container_end_page |
372 |
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1797589941718351872 |