Thresholds of hypoxia of two Red Sea coral species (Porites sp. and Galaxea fascicularis)
Anthropogenic pressures have driven large-scale declines in coral cover on >50% of tropical coral reefs. Most research efforts have focused on ocean warming, ocean acidification, and overfishing impacts. Despite increasing instances of reef-associated hypoxic events, the role of reduced O2 in aff...
Published in: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10754/685949 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.945293 |
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ftkingabdullahun:oai:repository.kaust.edu.sa:10754/685949 2024-01-07T09:45:46+01:00 Thresholds of hypoxia of two Red Sea coral species (Porites sp. and Galaxea fascicularis) Alva García, Jacqueline V. Klein, Shannon Alamoudi, Taiba Arossa, Silvia Parry, Anieka J. Steckbauer, Alexandra Duarte, Carlos M. Red Sea Research Center (RSRC) Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division Marine Science Program Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC) 2022-10-27 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10754/685949 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.945293 unknown Frontiers Media SA https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2022.945293/full Alva García, J. V., Klein, S. G., Alamoudi, T., Arossa, S., Parry, A. J., Steckbauer, A., & Duarte, C. M. (2022). Thresholds of hypoxia of two Red Sea coral species (Porites sp. and Galaxea fascicularis). Frontiers in Marine Science, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.945293 doi:10.3389/fmars.2022.945293 2-s2.0-85141680488 2296-7745 Frontiers in Marine Science http://hdl.handle.net/10754/685949 9 Archived with thanks to Frontiers in Marine Science under a Creative Commons license, details at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Article 2022 ftkingabdullahun https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.945293 2023-12-09T20:18:53Z Anthropogenic pressures have driven large-scale declines in coral cover on >50% of tropical coral reefs. Most research efforts have focused on ocean warming, ocean acidification, and overfishing impacts. Despite increasing instances of reef-associated hypoxic events, the role of reduced O2 in affecting coral reef performance is largely unknown. Here, we assessed the hypoxic thresholds of two Red Sea coral species: Porites sp. and Galaxea fascicularis. We exposed coral fragments of both species to one control treatment (6.8 mg O2 L−1) and three reduced dissolved oxygen treatments (5.25, 3.5, and 1.25 mg O2 L−1) during a 10-day experiment. Across the two species, maximum (Fv/Fm) and effective (F′/Fm′) photochemical efficiency, chlorophyll a, and dark respiration declined under the lowest O2 treatment (1.25 mg O2 L−1). Porites sp. coral fragments, however, were remarkably resistant and showed no signs of sublethal bleaching after 10 days of exposure to reduced O2. Conversely, 17% of G. fascicularis fragments bleached after only three nights of exposure to the lowest O2 treatment (1.25 mg O2 L−1). Our data show that longer-term hypoxic events (i.e., days to weeks) can induce coral bleaching, but these effects depend on the extent of O2 reduction and are likely species-specific. Importantly, the levels of O2 usually defined as hypoxic (~2.0 to 2.8 mg O2 L−1) do not adequately capture the thresholds reported here. Hence, further research is urgently needed to more accurately describe the vulnerability of coral taxa to hypoxic and anoxic events. Funding supporting this research was provided by the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology through baseline research funds awarded to CD. We thank S. Schmidt-Roach and A. Prieto for their help with the collection and maintenance of the corals. We also thank the KAUST Coastal and Marine Resources Core Labs (CMR) team for their support and assistance. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ocean acidification King Abdullah University of Science and Technology: KAUST Repository Prieto ENVELOPE(-62.000,-62.000,-64.683,-64.683) Frontiers in Marine Science 9 |
institution |
Open Polar |
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King Abdullah University of Science and Technology: KAUST Repository |
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ftkingabdullahun |
language |
unknown |
description |
Anthropogenic pressures have driven large-scale declines in coral cover on >50% of tropical coral reefs. Most research efforts have focused on ocean warming, ocean acidification, and overfishing impacts. Despite increasing instances of reef-associated hypoxic events, the role of reduced O2 in affecting coral reef performance is largely unknown. Here, we assessed the hypoxic thresholds of two Red Sea coral species: Porites sp. and Galaxea fascicularis. We exposed coral fragments of both species to one control treatment (6.8 mg O2 L−1) and three reduced dissolved oxygen treatments (5.25, 3.5, and 1.25 mg O2 L−1) during a 10-day experiment. Across the two species, maximum (Fv/Fm) and effective (F′/Fm′) photochemical efficiency, chlorophyll a, and dark respiration declined under the lowest O2 treatment (1.25 mg O2 L−1). Porites sp. coral fragments, however, were remarkably resistant and showed no signs of sublethal bleaching after 10 days of exposure to reduced O2. Conversely, 17% of G. fascicularis fragments bleached after only three nights of exposure to the lowest O2 treatment (1.25 mg O2 L−1). Our data show that longer-term hypoxic events (i.e., days to weeks) can induce coral bleaching, but these effects depend on the extent of O2 reduction and are likely species-specific. Importantly, the levels of O2 usually defined as hypoxic (~2.0 to 2.8 mg O2 L−1) do not adequately capture the thresholds reported here. Hence, further research is urgently needed to more accurately describe the vulnerability of coral taxa to hypoxic and anoxic events. Funding supporting this research was provided by the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology through baseline research funds awarded to CD. We thank S. Schmidt-Roach and A. Prieto for their help with the collection and maintenance of the corals. We also thank the KAUST Coastal and Marine Resources Core Labs (CMR) team for their support and assistance. |
author2 |
Red Sea Research Center (RSRC) Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division Marine Science Program Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Alva García, Jacqueline V. Klein, Shannon Alamoudi, Taiba Arossa, Silvia Parry, Anieka J. Steckbauer, Alexandra Duarte, Carlos M. |
spellingShingle |
Alva García, Jacqueline V. Klein, Shannon Alamoudi, Taiba Arossa, Silvia Parry, Anieka J. Steckbauer, Alexandra Duarte, Carlos M. Thresholds of hypoxia of two Red Sea coral species (Porites sp. and Galaxea fascicularis) |
author_facet |
Alva García, Jacqueline V. Klein, Shannon Alamoudi, Taiba Arossa, Silvia Parry, Anieka J. Steckbauer, Alexandra Duarte, Carlos M. |
author_sort |
Alva García, Jacqueline V. |
title |
Thresholds of hypoxia of two Red Sea coral species (Porites sp. and Galaxea fascicularis) |
title_short |
Thresholds of hypoxia of two Red Sea coral species (Porites sp. and Galaxea fascicularis) |
title_full |
Thresholds of hypoxia of two Red Sea coral species (Porites sp. and Galaxea fascicularis) |
title_fullStr |
Thresholds of hypoxia of two Red Sea coral species (Porites sp. and Galaxea fascicularis) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Thresholds of hypoxia of two Red Sea coral species (Porites sp. and Galaxea fascicularis) |
title_sort |
thresholds of hypoxia of two red sea coral species (porites sp. and galaxea fascicularis) |
publisher |
Frontiers Media SA |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10754/685949 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.945293 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-62.000,-62.000,-64.683,-64.683) |
geographic |
Prieto |
geographic_facet |
Prieto |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2022.945293/full Alva García, J. V., Klein, S. G., Alamoudi, T., Arossa, S., Parry, A. J., Steckbauer, A., & Duarte, C. M. (2022). Thresholds of hypoxia of two Red Sea coral species (Porites sp. and Galaxea fascicularis). Frontiers in Marine Science, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.945293 doi:10.3389/fmars.2022.945293 2-s2.0-85141680488 2296-7745 Frontiers in Marine Science http://hdl.handle.net/10754/685949 9 |
op_rights |
Archived with thanks to Frontiers in Marine Science under a Creative Commons license, details at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.945293 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
9 |
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1787427385516228608 |