Studies on the Marine Bacteria II : On the Specificity of Mineral Requirements of Marine Bacteria

• Main Author: HIDAKA Tomio
• Format: Report
• Language: English
• Published: 鹿児島大学
• Subjects: 660; Bering Sea; Pacific
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/10232/13856; https://ir.kagoshima-u.ac.jp/?action=repository_uri&item_id=2336; https://ir.kagoshima-u.ac.jp/?action=repository_action_common_download&item_id=2336&item_no=1&attribute_id=16&file_no=1

This study was undertaken to test the requirement of marine bacteria for inorganic salts, with an attempt to establish a reliable criterion to distinguish true marine bacteria from terrestrial ones. In this paper the author deals with the results of morphological and physiological tests, with special emphasis on the requirement of inorganic salts in sea water, of several hundred strains of aerobic, heterotrophic bacteria isolated from various sources. Of the organisms used in this work, 275 cultures were isolated from sea water in the northern part of the North Pacific and the Bering Sea. In addition 13 cultures isolated from the surface of fishes, 7 strains from the National Collection of Marine Bacteria, 18 strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and similar strains, and 37 of other named strains of terrestrial bacteria were employed in the experiments. The results obtained from comparative observations on the mineral requirements of marine and terrestrial bacteria were as follows. 1. These microorganisms showed different mineral requirements. This was demonstrated in experiments with a basal medium which contained only 0.05 percent of polypeptone and0.01 per cent of yeast extract as organic matter. 2. All the strains were tested for their growth capacity in the following five types of defined media during six days incubation at 25°C. The media (pH 7.8) contained, common to all, 0.05 percent of polypeptone and 0.01 percent of yeast extract, which were dissolved in; (a) pure water , (b) 0.5 percent NaCl solution, (c) 3 percent NaCl solution, (d) Herbst's artificial sea water diluted six-fold, and (e) Herbst's artificial sea water. 3. The results above mentioned tell us that one is able to group the test organisms into three patterns by growth capacity manifested in these media. One of them, which includes terrestrial bacteria, is characterized by the capacity to grow in five types of defined media . Another group lacks the capacity to grow in (a) medium or both (a) and (b) media. The last one, to which the majority ...