The role of salmonid fishes in conservation of the endangered freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera)
The abundance of freshwater pearl mussels (Margaritifera margaritifera) has declined widely during the past century, and new conservation initiatives are needed. This thesis focused on the relationship between M. margaritifera and its salmonid host required for reproduction of this species. First, b...
Published in: | Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems |
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Main Author: | |
Format: | Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
Language: | English |
Published: |
University of Jyväskylä
2016
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-951-39-6602-7 |
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ftjyvaeskylaenun:oai:jyx.jyu.fi:123456789/49351 |
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openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
JYX - Jyväskylä University Digital Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftjyvaeskylaenun |
language |
English |
topic |
freshwater pearl mussel glochidium parasitism host fish invasive species Salmo salar Salmo trutta Salvelinus fontinalis simpukat jokihelmisimpukka populaatiot toukat parasitismi isäntälajit lohikalat lohi atlantinlohi taimen purotaimen puronieriä suojelu virtavedet eläimistön suojelu vieraslajit |
spellingShingle |
freshwater pearl mussel glochidium parasitism host fish invasive species Salmo salar Salmo trutta Salvelinus fontinalis simpukat jokihelmisimpukka populaatiot toukat parasitismi isäntälajit lohikalat lohi atlantinlohi taimen purotaimen puronieriä suojelu virtavedet eläimistön suojelu vieraslajit Salonen, Jouni The role of salmonid fishes in conservation of the endangered freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) |
topic_facet |
freshwater pearl mussel glochidium parasitism host fish invasive species Salmo salar Salmo trutta Salvelinus fontinalis simpukat jokihelmisimpukka populaatiot toukat parasitismi isäntälajit lohikalat lohi atlantinlohi taimen purotaimen puronieriä suojelu virtavedet eläimistön suojelu vieraslajit |
description |
The abundance of freshwater pearl mussels (Margaritifera margaritifera) has declined widely during the past century, and new conservation initiatives are needed. This thesis focused on the relationship between M. margaritifera and its salmonid host required for reproduction of this species. First, by exposing fish experimentally to glochidium larvae of M. margaritifera, different M. margaritifera populations were shown to demonstrate strong differences in their ability to parasitize different salmonid species. Atlantic salmon was clearly a better host for mussels in large river channels, whereas in small headwater tributaries brown trout was the best, or the only suitable, host. These findings provide a previously unrecognised explanation for the collapse and the lack of recruitment especially of the salmon-specific M. margaritifera populations; a high proportion of large salmon rivers were dammed for hydropower production in the 1960s, which prevented the migration of salmon and thus left M. margaritifera without the appropriate host in these rivers. Furthermore, an invasive salmonid, brook trout, was widely introduced to small tributaries above the dams in the past, but in this study was shown to be an unsuitable host for M. margaritifera. Thus, and due to the tendency of brook trout to replace native brown trout, the spread of brook trout is an additional threat to M. margaritifera. An indication of local adaptation of M. margaritifera, i.e. higher infectivity in sympatric salmonid host strain than in allopatric populations of the same species, was also detected. Finally, a new, non- destructive approach to search for M. margaritifera populations, involving electrofishing and quick visual examination of the gills of captured salmonids, revealed the occurrence of 3 previously unknown populations. The results of this thesis highlight the importance of taking into account the roles of salmonid fish in future efforts to search, protect and restore freshwater pearl mussel populations. |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Salonen, Jouni |
author_facet |
Salonen, Jouni |
author_sort |
Salonen, Jouni |
title |
The role of salmonid fishes in conservation of the endangered freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) |
title_short |
The role of salmonid fishes in conservation of the endangered freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) |
title_full |
The role of salmonid fishes in conservation of the endangered freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) |
title_fullStr |
The role of salmonid fishes in conservation of the endangered freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) |
title_full_unstemmed |
The role of salmonid fishes in conservation of the endangered freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) |
title_sort |
role of salmonid fishes in conservation of the endangered freshwater pearl mussel (margaritifera margaritifera) |
publisher |
University of Jyväskylä |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-951-39-6602-7 |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_relation |
Jyväskylä studies in biological and environmental science Article I: Salonen J.K., Luhta P.-L., Moilanen E., Oulasvirta P., Turunen J. & Taskinen J. 2016. Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and brown trout (Salmo trutta) differ in their suitability as a host for the endangered freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) in northern Fennoscandian rivers. Submitted manuscript. Article II: Taskinen J. & Salonen J.K. 2016. Origin matters: freshwater pearl mussels show adaptation to sympatric salmonid host strains. Manuscript. Article III: Salonen J.K., Marjomäki T.J. & Taskinen J. 2016. An alien fish threatens an endangered parasitic bivalve: the relationship between brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) in northern Europe. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems DOI:10.1002/aqc.2614 Article IV: Salonen J.K. & Taskinen J. 2016. Electrofishing as a new method to search for unknown populations of the endangered freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera margaritifera. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems . In press. Julkaistu myös painettuna. 1456-9701 314 978-951-39-6602-7 oai:jykdok.linneanet.fi:1525814 URN:ISBN:978-951-39-6602-7 http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-951-39-6602-7 |
op_rights |
openAccess |
container_title |
Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems |
container_volume |
26 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
1130 |
op_container_end_page |
1144 |
_version_ |
1766363509168275456 |
spelling |
ftjyvaeskylaenun:oai:jyx.jyu.fi:123456789/49351 2023-05-15T15:33:02+02:00 The role of salmonid fishes in conservation of the endangered freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) Salonen, Jouni 2016 1 verkkoaineisto (48 sivua, 4 numeroimatonta sivua) application/pdf http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-951-39-6602-7 eng eng University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylä studies in biological and environmental science Article I: Salonen J.K., Luhta P.-L., Moilanen E., Oulasvirta P., Turunen J. & Taskinen J. 2016. Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and brown trout (Salmo trutta) differ in their suitability as a host for the endangered freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) in northern Fennoscandian rivers. Submitted manuscript. Article II: Taskinen J. & Salonen J.K. 2016. Origin matters: freshwater pearl mussels show adaptation to sympatric salmonid host strains. Manuscript. Article III: Salonen J.K., Marjomäki T.J. & Taskinen J. 2016. An alien fish threatens an endangered parasitic bivalve: the relationship between brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) in northern Europe. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems DOI:10.1002/aqc.2614 Article IV: Salonen J.K. & Taskinen J. 2016. Electrofishing as a new method to search for unknown populations of the endangered freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera margaritifera. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems . In press. Julkaistu myös painettuna. 1456-9701 314 978-951-39-6602-7 oai:jykdok.linneanet.fi:1525814 URN:ISBN:978-951-39-6602-7 http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-951-39-6602-7 openAccess freshwater pearl mussel glochidium parasitism host fish invasive species Salmo salar Salmo trutta Salvelinus fontinalis simpukat jokihelmisimpukka populaatiot toukat parasitismi isäntälajit lohikalat lohi atlantinlohi taimen purotaimen puronieriä suojelu virtavedet eläimistön suojelu vieraslajit Diss. Text Väitöskirja Doctoral dissertation 2016 ftjyvaeskylaenun 2022-04-27T22:54:29Z The abundance of freshwater pearl mussels (Margaritifera margaritifera) has declined widely during the past century, and new conservation initiatives are needed. This thesis focused on the relationship between M. margaritifera and its salmonid host required for reproduction of this species. First, by exposing fish experimentally to glochidium larvae of M. margaritifera, different M. margaritifera populations were shown to demonstrate strong differences in their ability to parasitize different salmonid species. Atlantic salmon was clearly a better host for mussels in large river channels, whereas in small headwater tributaries brown trout was the best, or the only suitable, host. These findings provide a previously unrecognised explanation for the collapse and the lack of recruitment especially of the salmon-specific M. margaritifera populations; a high proportion of large salmon rivers were dammed for hydropower production in the 1960s, which prevented the migration of salmon and thus left M. margaritifera without the appropriate host in these rivers. Furthermore, an invasive salmonid, brook trout, was widely introduced to small tributaries above the dams in the past, but in this study was shown to be an unsuitable host for M. margaritifera. Thus, and due to the tendency of brook trout to replace native brown trout, the spread of brook trout is an additional threat to M. margaritifera. An indication of local adaptation of M. margaritifera, i.e. higher infectivity in sympatric salmonid host strain than in allopatric populations of the same species, was also detected. Finally, a new, non- destructive approach to search for M. margaritifera populations, involving electrofishing and quick visual examination of the gills of captured salmonids, revealed the occurrence of 3 previously unknown populations. The results of this thesis highlight the importance of taking into account the roles of salmonid fish in future efforts to search, protect and restore freshwater pearl mussel populations. Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Atlantic salmon Salmo salar JYX - Jyväskylä University Digital Archive Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 26 6 1130 1144 |